巨胚杂交稻的农艺及产量性状

以2个巨胚不育系及其相应的2个非巨胚不育系,3个巨胚恢复系、2个非巨胚恢复系为材料,配制一套共20个半双列杂交组合,研究巨胚(ge)基因对杂交稻的若干生物学特性的影响。结果表明:ge基因对杂交稻主要农艺性状和部分产量性状没有显著影响,但ge基因使杂交稻的千粒重、容重、理论产量和实际产量下降,且只有在纯合时才有显著表达。含杂合geGE基因也使其上述性状有所下降,但幅度明显小于gege纯合基因。     

草地贪夜蛾核型多角体病毒对草地贪夜蛾的毒力及其侵染特征

为明确草地贪夜蛾核型多角体病毒（Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus,SfMNPV）对草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda 的毒力及其体内外侵染特性,于室内测定SfMNPV对草地贪夜蛾的毒力,采用苏木精-伊红（hematoxylin-eosin,HE）染色分析SfMNPV侵染后草地贪夜蛾的组织病理学特征,通过实时荧光定量PCR（real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR,qPCR）技术分析SfMNPV在草地贪夜蛾体内和Sf9细胞系中的复制特征。结果表明,SfMNPV对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的LC₅₀和LT₅₀分别为7.39×10⁵ OBs/mL和3.82 d;SfMNPV可侵染草地贪夜蛾幼虫的真皮、气管、脂肪体和中肠等组织,未侵染肌肉组织;SfMNPV侵染96 h后草地贪夜蛾体内SfMNPV基因组拷贝数最大,为3.91×10⁶ 拷贝数/ng,SfMNPV侵染96 h后Sf9细胞培养上清液中SfMNPV基因组拷贝数最大,为2.08×10⁷ 拷贝数/mL。     

大别山板栗片热泵干燥特性及动力学模型分析

为了研究大别山板栗片热泵干燥过程和特性,建立其干燥动力学模型,并优化干燥工艺以提高干燥后的品质,以大别山板栗为研究对象进行热泵干燥动力学研究,通过对7 种常用干燥模型线性化处理,筛选适合用来描述板栗片热泵干燥特性的数学模型,并利用试验数据与模型进行回归拟合,确定并建立最适合的数学模型。结果表明：Page 模型的预测值曲线和实测值曲线高度吻合,Page模型可用来描述板栗片热泵干燥过程中水分的变化规律。研究结果可为板栗片实际生产中的热泵干燥加工提供一定参考。     

生姜群体光台特性的研究

利用田间同化箱对生姜的群体光合特性进行了研究。结果表明，生姜群体光合速率（ＣＰｎ）有明显的季节变化和日变化，随着季节的进展ＣＰｎ呈二次曲线型。ＣＰｎ的日变化呈单峰曲线，峰值出现在中午１２时左右。ＣＰｎ的峰值与旺盛生长季节相吻合。在本试验范围内单位土地面积的ＣＰｎ随ＬＡＩ的增加而增加，若以叶面积计算ＣＰｎ则随叶面积指数（ＬＡＩ）的增加而降低。在田间试验条件下ＣＰｎ随光强和ＣＯ２浓度的增加而增加，在自然光下未测到生姜ＣＰｎ的光饱和点。     

闽东南天然降雨雨滴特征的研究

该文在实测滴谱资料的基础上建立了闽东南地区雨滴大小分布函数。F=1-exp[-(d/3.58I^0.28)^5.19I0.11]并导出了雨滴中数直径、动能与雨强的关系为D₅₀=3.34I^0.29和E=36.04I^0.29。笔者认为两型对雨滴特征是有影响的。     

柑桔黑斑病的发病特点及检测方法研究进展

柑桔黑斑病(Citrus Black Spot,CBS)是一种真菌性病害,主要为害果实,并产生褐色斑点,严重时蔓延至全果,造成果实腐烂,显著影响果实的品质和外观,降低经济价值,被欧美等国列为重要的检疫性病害,近年来该病在我国一些柑桔产区已上升为主要病害。本文主要从柑桔黑斑病的病原菌、发病特点及检测方法等几个方面进行简要的概述。     

Factors affecting the adoption of agroforestry practices by farmers in Cameroon

This paper presents empirical evidence on the impact of socio-economic factors on the adoption of agroforestry practices in Cameroon. The analysis uses primary farm-level data collected from June to December 1996. Three major provinces of the country were covered, namely Centre, Southwest and Northwest Several agroforestry technologies have been promoted among farmers in the zone, including alley farming, improved fallow, live fencing, cut-and-carry fodder and apiculture. The status of adoption of each agroforestry practice is described and factors that affect adoption identified. These are gender of farmer, household family size, level of education, farmer’s experience, membership within farmers’ associations, contact with research and extension, security of land tenure, agroecological zone, distance of the village from nearest town, village accessibility and income from livestock. Research findings indicate that since factors affecting farmers’ adoption of agroforestry practices differ across techniques, generalisation is to be avoided.     

Calculation Method of Hydraulic Characteristics for Direct-Return Chilled Water System

In order to optimize design and operation, it is necessary to calculate accurately hydraulic characteristics large central air-conditioning systems. Simplified Model can not be applied to hydraulic calculation of large pipe network topological structure for its large calculation error. Taking into account the regulating characteristics of terminal branch temperature regulating valve, a direct-return chilled water system is studied, an accurate mathematical model of pipe network hydraulic characteristics has been established and a computer logic algorithm with virtual flow has been given. A direct-return pipe network with ten AHU branches is used as simulation calculation object, the pipe network supply-return water pressure difference is calculated, and also the temperature regulating valve opening and actual flow of each branch are calculated in the condition of different supply-return water pressure difference. The calculated results accord with the natural characteristics of high pressure difference unbalanced for direct-return pipe network. The calculation method can ensure calculation convergence.     

不同泡桐品种(种源)埋根苗生长与光合特性分析

为进一步研究泡桐埋根苗生长发育动态与光合特性之间的关系,以在郑州地区生长良好的4个泡桐品种(种源)埋根苗为研究材料,对1年生埋根苗生长期的苗高、地径、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率等指标变化动态进行分析。结果表明:不同泡桐品种(种源)埋根苗的苗高生长和地径生长的季节变化趋势基本一致,苗高生长的快速生长期在7月中旬到8月下旬,9月为生长缓慢期,10月初到10月中旬苗高生长基本停止;地径生长的快速生长期从7月中旬到9月初,9月中下旬到10月为缓慢生长期,但10月下旬地径仍然还在缓慢生长,即泡桐地径生长比苗高生长延长10~15 d。不同泡桐品种(种源)埋根苗净光合速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度、蒸腾速率4个光合指标在不同月份的日变化规律比较一致,胞间CO2浓度的日变化均呈现出先下降后上升的单谷曲线特征;净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度均在6、8、10月份出现双峰现象,且峰值出现时间较为一致,说明几个指标呈正相关;毛白33、9502的净光合速率相对较高,郑州白花的值相对较小,与生长量的表现一致;总体来看,5、10月份各泡桐品种(种源)无性系埋根苗的净光合速率偏低,6、7、8、9月份则相对较高,显示了泡桐在不同月份光合能力大小的差异。     

莱豆新品种“龙莱1号”特征特性及高产栽培技术

长汀县于2010年引进龙莱1号进行烟后作高山反季节栽培试验示范,表现高产高效。该文介绍龙莱1号的特征特性及高产栽培技术。