WTO农业协议与我国农业保护立法对策

阐述了WTO农业协议和中美农业合作协议的主要内容；从积极有利的方面和不利的方面分析了WTO规则对我国农业的双重影响；提出了WTO框架下构建我国农业支持与保护政策体系的3项内容，并在分析我国农业立法现状，借鉴国外保护措施的同时，围绕我国农产品的流通体制、农业资金投入、农业环境资源保护和农业科技等4个方面，着重论述了新形势下我国农业立法的调整与改进，提出了适应WTO规则要求的我国农业保护立法建议。     

WTO《 SPS协议》下植物检疫措施标准执行判定误区的探讨

国际植物保护组织（IPPC）秘书处是植物保护领域国际合作的多边协议组织和协调工具,同时也是WTO《SPS协议》下唯一的植物检疫措施标准制订组织.该组织制定的ISPM第15号出版物中明确指出国际上普遍使用的木质包装检疫处理措施标准,各缔约国均执行该标准.该标准执行已经10年,但在实际执行过程中存在着严重的判定误区,这个不规范的做法可能直接导致检疫处理失败并且有产生疫情传播的风险.研究人员在对数据整理分析过程中对这个意外的发现产生了极大的兴趣,并通过科学的方法提出了解决问题的建议,更希望将这个建议作为国际植物检疫措施标准执行与判定的依据.     

MLTS-RBAC模型在SaaS中的农业信息服务应用

基于RBAC的SaaS访问控制服务平台中用户的角色多分层与角色时间约束模型(Multi-layered with Time constraint in SaaS-RBAC,MLTS-RBAC)是在RBAC的基础上,将SaaS平台的用户划分系统级用户和租户级别用户。根据角色将两种级别用户分别进行层级管理;为实现方便租赁费用的计算,防止权限滥用,模型中对租户角色加入时间约束,并依据服务等级协议监测租户是否有违例行为来约束角色使用服务的时间,确保租户正常使用服务。使用MLTS-RBAC模型与实际应用相结合,应用于农业信息服务的SaaS应用,解决农业信息服务中的管理问题。     

《SPS协定》对两岸经贸合作的影响及对策

通过阐述两岸经贸合作的现状,分析了《SPS协定》对两岸经贸合作的不利影响,并对促进两岸经贸合作的繁荣及农业生产的安全提出了几点对策。     

Fuelling the fisheries subsidy debate: Agreements, loopholes and implications

There is a general consensus that most subsidies to fisheries, particularly fuel subsidies, are harmful to both the economy and the environment. As the World Trade Organization struggles to come to an agreement on fisheries subsidies, understanding the position of the negotiating countries is crucial. As we move toward more sustainable regulations, we must ensure that no loopholes exist for countries to evade binding regulations. In this note, we use the example of the United States to illustrate how arguments for exemptions can lead to such loopholes. The United States provides interesting insight, as it appears that their support for a ban on fisheries subsidies may be contingent upon a legal pun, which would allow them and other countries to carry on subsidizing fuel to their fishing fleets into the future.     

Inter-rater agreement in visual assessment of footpad dermatitis in Danish broiler chickens

1. The performance of the scoring in the Danish footpad dermatitis (FPD) surveillance system was evaluated by determining inter-rater agreement in visual inspection of FPD in broilers between two independent raters (R1 and R2) and the official scoring at a Danish slaughterhouse.

2. FPD scores were evaluated in 1599 chicken feet. The two raters and the slaughterhouse scored equal proportions of score 0. So did R1 and R2 when assessing score 1 and the more severe lesion score 2, whereas the slaughterhouse scored a markedly higher proportion of score 1 and a lower proportion of score 2. Aggregated FPD flock scores ranged from 5 to 163 (R1 and R2) and from 8 to 107 (slaughterhouse).

3. The level of agreement between the two raters was high for scores 0, 1 and 2 and for flock scores. Agreement between raters and the slaughterhouse was lower when R1 and R2 recorded score 2 than when they recorded scores 0 and 1.

4. This study indicates that the occurrence and severity of lesions are underestimated in the official Danish FPD scoring system.     

Research On Basic Principles of BOT Concession Agreement

The BOT model is a new investment and finacing model which is applied to infrastructure construction. The concession agreement is awarded by government to the project company which operates and develops specific BOT project with concession right, it is the core of the BOT project and decides the basic structures and pattens of other agreements.The government bears the definite responsibility for the success of the BOT project.There are seven factors to be worth notice when the government contrives the BOT concession agreement. 1.The govemment should stick to native standpoints and interests and, at the same time take the investor's rights and interests into account;2. lighten the burden of the government as much as possible, without abandoning its responsibility;3.fully understand and apply the International Customs and Practice of the BOT model with considering the situation of the country; 4.pay equal attention to the introduction of both capitals and technology; 5.properly handle the relationship between the introduction of foreign capital and domestic economic development; 6. encourage the active externality, and restrict the passive one; 7. prevent and eliminate the ill monopoly.