Optimization of Structure Parameters in Ultra-precision Plane Honing

The structure parameters of honing wheel have effects on machining accuracy in ultra-precision plane honing. This paper put forward to the optimization of structure parameters. By calculating the machining accuracy coefficient and wear coefficient of triangle radial structure honing wheels, it is obvious that the suitable triangle radial structure honing wheel can improve machining accuracy of workpiece.     

Error Transfer''s Analysis about Evaluation Criterion of a Rocket-Flight

On the basis of the accuracy evaluation's demand of single impulse radar and other ground measure equipment, model of the inherent accuracy of ballistic camera as Evaluation's comparison criterion on fairway of a Rocket-Flight are worked out. Three respects analysis follows:1) Will the criterion be able to be used? 2) In case of two laser ballistic camera having effective data ,where does the one ballistic camera be as criterion? Where does the two ballistic camera be as criterion? 3) How can the speed be evaluated? The formula ,calculation method's simplification as well as the curve figure of the error transfer of the criterion are given and analysed. The model have been successfully used in single impulse radar's accuracy evaluation. It is a typical case of the accuracy analysis.     

Receiver-operating characteristic curves and likelihood ratios: improvements over traditional methods for the evaluation and application of veterinary clinical pathology tests

Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves provide a cutoff-independent method for the evaluation of continuous or ordinal tests used in clinical pathology laboratories. The area under the curve is a useful overall measure of test accuracy and can be used to compare different tests (or different equipment) used by the same tester, as well as the accuracy of different diagnosticians that use the same test material. To date, ROC analysis has not been widely used in veterinary clinical pathology studies, although it should be considered a useful complement to estimates of sensitivity and specificity in test evaluation studies. In addition, calculation of likelihood ratios can potentially improve the clinical utility of such studies because likelihood ratios provide an indication of how the post-test probability changes as a function of the magnitude of the test results. For ordinal test results, likelihood ratios can be calculated on a category-specific basis from the empirical data or by using the slope of the line joining adjacent category limits on the ROC curve. For continuous test results, data need to be categorized into intervals for estimation of likelihood ratios, or they can be calculated as the slope (tangent) to the ROC curve at a unique test value. We use ROC analysis and calculate likelihood ratios to evaluate the performance of tests reported in 2 articles previously published in this journal.     

On the interpretation of test sensitivity in the two-test two-population problem: Assumptions matter

Bayesian analyses of diagnostic test accuracy often require the assumption of constant test accuracy among populations to ensure model identifiability. In a prior study (Toft, N., Jørgensen, E., Højsgaard, S., 2005. Diagnosing diagnostic tests: evaluating the assumptions underlying the estimation of sensitivity and specificity in the absence of a gold standard. Prev. Vet. Med. 68, 19–33), the sensitivity estimate from a two-test two-population model was shown to be weighted toward the population with the higher prevalence of infection. In the present study, we provided analytical formulae that give insight into the effect of assuming constant sensitivity when this assumption was false. To further investigate the effect of failure of the assumption of constant sensitivity, we also simulated several data sets under the assumption that the first test's sensitivity varied in the two populations. Bayesian conditional independence models that presumed constant sensitivities were implemented in WinBUGS and posterior estimates (mean and 95% probability intervals) were evaluated based on the known true values of the parameters. Findings from the Bayesian analyses of several scenarios indicated that the posterior mean was a good estimate of the weighted mean of the sensitivities in the two populations, when one test was perfectly specific. When neither test was perfectly specific, the Bayesian posterior mean for test 1 sensitivity was either greater than the larger of the two true sensitivities, or smaller than both, and estimates of prevalence and the second test's specificity were incorrect. The implication is that estimates of some parameters will be biased if test sensitivities are not constant across populations. Without a perfectly specific test, and if the assumption of constant sensitivity fails, the only solution we are aware of would involve incorporating prior information on at least two parameters.     

基于PROSAIL模型及TM与实测数据的MODIS LAI精度评价

利用PROSAIL模型和TM影像反演的叶面积指数LAI及地面实测数据,从空间和时间序列上分别对吉林省主要玉米种植带的MODIS LAI产品精度进行验证分析,为准确评价和科学准确应用MODIS数据提供科学依据。研究结果表明,MODIS LAI产品精度因玉米生长时期和植被类型而异,混合像元是造成MODIS LAI产品低估玉米作物LAI值的主要原因之一;不同年份不同生长时期,MODIS LAI和实测数据表现出不同的关系;在玉米生长灌浆期之后,MODIS LAI产品与同期地面实测玉米LAI相比,约低估了33%～53%左右,MODIS LAI产品值明显低于TM影像反演的LAI值,约低估玉米LAI值约30%～69%左右。因MODIS LAI产品值与实际值有较大偏差,非常有必要对农作物MODIS LAI产品值进行验证分析,研究结果可为准确利用MODIS LAI产品及其算法改进后产品精度提供一种评价途径。     

改性玉米淀粉黏结剂对种绳捻制质量的影响

为了提高水稻种绳的抗拉强度和穴距准确性、防止种子在种绳捻制和直播过程中脱落,提出了在包容材料上涂刷黏结剂的方法并配制了一种改性玉米淀粉黏结剂。试验结果表明,配制的改性玉米淀粉黏结剂及其涂刷量和黏度对水稻出苗率影响不显著。通过二次回归正交旋转组合试验,研究了改性玉米淀粉黏结剂的涂刷量和黏度与水稻种绳的抗拉强度、穴距准确性和每穴粒数合格率的关系,建立了相应的数学模型。利用多目标非线性优化方法,对黏结剂的涂刷量和黏度进行了参数优化。确定的最优参数组合是黏结剂涂刷量为80%、黏度为7 792 mPa·s。在此条件下,种绳的抗拉强度达到18.84 N,穴距变异系数为3.25%,穴粒数合格率为91.05%。研究结果证明,在种绳捻制过程中涂刷适量的改性玉米淀粉黏结剂,对提高种绳抗拉强度和穴距准确性具有重要作用,对水稻出苗和土壤环境没有影响。这为水稻种绳捻制机的改进设计提供了重要参考。     

MODIS土地利用/覆被多时相多光谱决策树分类

利用MODIS多时相与多光谱结合,尝试探讨低成本、高精度的北京土地利用/覆被实时获取方法。首先根据归一化植被指数（NDVI）的均值、标准差建立了研究区各地类的典型NDVI时间序列曲线,进而提取了6个可以反映区域物候模式、植被生长速率等信息的分类参数;然后对反映地表土壤信息较多的3月份多光谱影像进行主成分变换,选取第一主成分（PC1）作为辅助分类参数;最后基于分类回归树（CART）算法进行监督决策树分类。经SPOT-5影像验证,分类总体精度达到83%,Kappa系数为0.769,PC1辅助分类后总体精度提高     

影响气象预报准确率的因素及改进措施

气象预报预测准确率和精细化水平是气象业务发展发展的重要标志,分析制约、影响阿尔山市气象局天气预报业务准确率的主要因素,从强化综合观测基础作用,完善灾害性天气短时、临近预警预报系统,提升基层台站预报业务和服务能力,做好预报预测业务人才支撑保障作用等方面对提高天气预报预测准确率进行探讨。     

苗木调查方法的研究

主要阐述了通过采取抽样调查的方法来确定苗木的产量精度和质量精度的方法步骤,进而计算出苗圃苗木的预产苗量和苗木的质量指标。     

基于通信协同机制的精量播种机作业优化

以精量播种机协同作业过程为研究对象,利用多节点中继技术,建立播种机之间的协同通信系统,有效提高多台精量播种机之间的通信能力.采用无线传感技术,建立多播种机作业协同控制系统,实现多播种机作业过程的实时定位导航.试验结果表明:建立的精量播种机作业协同通信控制系统,可实现播种作业过程的高效率定位,定位过程所需时间较短,定位精...