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61.
Effect of Phosphorus in Alleviation of Adverse Impacts of Salinity on Wheat Grown on Different Soils
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(13):1921-1936
Fertilization management is an important technique to alleviate the adverse effects of salinity stress on plants. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the ameliorative role of inorganic phosphorus (P) and organic P sources on wheat grown under salt stress in three soil types deficient in available P. Wheat (Triticum asetivum L. cv. Shakha 93) was grown on alluvial, sandy, and calcareous soils under salinity levels of 4, 8, and 12 dS m?1 of saturated paste extract (ECe) and supplied with constant rate of 30 mg P2O5 kg soil?1 as superphosphate (SP), cattle manure (CM), and 1:1 mixture of SP and CM. The results revealed that plants grown on the sandy soil were more susceptible to the adverse effects of salinity compared with those planted on the alluvial one, especially at zero P. Plants grown on the calcareous soil were moderately affected. Varying soil type caused significant differences in the aboveground biomass and uptake of nitrogen (N), potassium (K), P, and zinc (Zn). It was obvious that P ameliorated wheat growth under salt stress, and this role was greater under moderate and high salinity. The increases in N, P, K, and Zn uptake appeared driven by P application were more conspicuous in the sandy and calcareous soils. Results also indicated that combined application of inorganic and organic P sources surpassed both when applied solely under all soil types and salinity levels. 相似文献
62.
通过麦秸直接还田和水稻氮肥配施技术的研究表明 :经过三熟作物秸秆连续还田 ,土壤有机质、全氮、速效钾显著地增加 ;秸秆全量还田 ,水稻产量随秸秆还田量增加而提高 ,秸秆还田量 5 4 0 0 kg/ hm2 的产量比不还田的增产 6 .6 % ;全生育期氮肥配比以前∶中∶后期为 6 .5∶0 .5∶ 3为最佳。 相似文献
63.
J. Sutka 《Euphytica》1977,26(2):475-479
Summary The association of genes for purple pigment in the coleoptile with the chromosomes of the winter wheat variety Mironovskaya 808 was investigated using monosomic F2 analysis. The segregation ratio for F2 hybrids of Chinese Spring monosomics x Mironovskya 808 seems to indicate that the purple colour of the coleoptile is determined by two dominant genes, Rc3 and Rc4, which are located on the chromosomes 7D and 6B respectively, and which reinforce each other. Apart from these two genes, suppressors found on the chromosomes 2A, 2B, 2D, 4B and 6A also play a role in the intensity of the purple colour.With the aid of a Chinese Spring telocentric chromosome marker it was observed that the Rc3 gene is located on the chromosome arm 7DS, at a distance of 16±4.23 crossover units from the centromere. 相似文献
64.
小麦新品种鄂恩5号集高产、稳产、多抗、广适于一体,分蘖力较强,成穗率高,穗层整齐,子粒饱满度好,农艺性状稳定,适宜长江中下游平原麦区单作或套作种植,在保证适时播种,密度合适,合理施肥,田间管理到位的条件下可获得高产。 相似文献
65.
[方法]采用全舍饲饲喂方式,对改良肉牛开展全株青贮小麦秸秆饲喂增重效果的试验研究。[结果]结果表明,在其他饲养条件完全一致的情况下,用全株青贮小麦秸秆饲喂肉牛,头均增重达18.5 kg,较全株玉米秸秆对照组提高33%,头均盈利358.68元,盈利提高78.76%,经济效益明显。 相似文献
66.
Summary The effect of direct vernalization of immature embryos on flowering was studied in six winter wheat genotypes. Fourteen-, 17-, and 20-day-old embryos were excised and vernalized for 0–6 weeks on synthetic medium during a conditioning period. Percent germination of embryos was high (overall 96.1%), and free from genotypic effects. Genotypes differed for flowering in response to cold treatment of excised embryos. Embryo vernalization was as effective as or more than conventional vernalization (control, seedling vernalization for 6 weeks). Seventeen-day-old embryos were the most responsive to vernalization. With a 5-week vernalization of 17-day-old embryos, the percentage of plants anthesed was higher than those from 14-and 20-day-old embryos. For 17-day-old embryos vernalized for 5 weeks, the mean number of days from culture to anthesis was less than that of 6 week vernalization, less than that of 14- and 20-day-old embryos, and less than controls.Purdue Univ., Agronomy Dept., W. Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. 相似文献
67.
通过对15个亲本及其不完全双列杂交组配的56个杂种F_1的5个性状进行杂种优势、配合力与遗传距离分析,以研究两系杂交小麦强优势组合的选配规律及其亲本的利用价值。结果表明:(1)5个性状均表现正向中亲优势,其大小顺序为:株粒重>穗粒数>株穗数>千粒重>株高,其中株粒重、穗粒数、株穗数的超高亲优势和超对照优势均为正值;(2)强优势组合的产生是产量构成因素优势相互补充与积累的结果;(3)根据遗传距离的大小,15个亲本可划分为五大类群,不育系与恢复系完全划分为不同的类群;(4)在亲本选配上,选择一般配合力和特殊配合力效应方差综合表现较好、遗传距离中等者为佳。 相似文献
68.
小麦白粉病抗病材料的鉴定研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
1997-2000年连续3年,利用陕西小麦白粉病茵模拟病圃混合茵系,对陕西等省新育成的280份小麦育种材料进行了苗期与成株期抗病性鉴定,筛选出对小麦白粉病茵高抗-免疫的育种亲本材料12份,其中高抗材料2份为鉴44和鉴47;免疫材料10份为鉴19、鉴20、鉴40、鉴46、鉴49、88(605)-1-5-1-2-2-1、保丰94-66、贵农29和秦8120-23-5-18。这些材料表现稳定,可供抗白粉 相似文献
69.
70.