五味消毒饮及各味药物对化脓性细菌的抑菌试验与病理模型疗效观察

采用牛津小杯法和攻毒法,观测“五味消毒饮”复方、单味药对化脓性细菌的抑菌效果,及对兔热毒性病理模型的疗效。结果表明：“五味消毒饮”复方、单味药对三种化脓性细菌均有不同程度的抑制作用;复方针剂的抑菌效果优于水煎剂。进一步验证“五味消毒饮”治疗疮痛肿毒的作用。     

Study on Cerospora sojina Hara Toxin Resistance and It‘s Inheritance in Soybean

Cerospora sojina Hara. toxin produced by mycelia of the pathogen can harm soybean plants.In this paper, 50 varieties and one resistant-susceptible combination were used to study the toxin resistance and it‘s inheritance. Comparing the results from the field under different inoculation conditions, the average coincidence rate of the toxin test is 62.37%. The inheritance of resistance to the toxin of Race 7 of Cerospora sojina Hara was proved to be controlled by a pair of single dominant genes. The toxin appraisal method can be used for many purposes owing to it‘s convenience.     

红豆草黑腐病菌菌丝生长和产毒培养条件的优化

从红豆草自然发生的黑腐病病斑上分离得到细链格孢菌(Alternaria tenuis)菌株,对该病菌的菌丝生长及其产毒条件进行了研究。结果表明,病原菌在供试的6种培养液中均能生长并且产毒,但在PSK培养液中生长及产毒最好;在1-19d的培养时间内该病菌均可以生长及产生毒素,而在13 d时菌丝生长量及其产毒能力均达到最大,菌丝生长与产毒能力间显著正相关;该病原菌在5-40℃的范围内均可生长并产生毒素,但菌丝生长的最适温度为25℃,而最适合产毒的温度为15℃;在pH值为3~11的范围内,该病菌均能生长并产毒,而且偏酸性条件有利于菌丝的生长及其毒素的产生,菌丝生长和产毒的最佳pH值分别为4和6。     

Screening of Toxin Mutant of Dickeya zeae and Its Biological Characters

[Objective] This study aimed to screen toxin mutant of Dickeya zeae （Er- winia chrysanthemi pv. zeae） and investigate its biological characters. [Method] We obtained a toxin mutant strain D. zeae Ech7-3-42 by using acridine orange as a mutagenic agent and compared their biological characteristics and virulence between the toxin mutant and wild strain. [Result] There was no significant difference in pectin lyase, protease, cellulase and the production of extracellular polysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide, but significant difference in toxin biological activities and vir- ulence. Ech7-3-42 mutant did not produce toxin, as well as the loss of virulence on rice and HR on tobacco, but did not lose the ability to soft rot on potato. Mutant strain Ech7-3-42 can infect rice root and then enriched in the root neck and stalk, but it could not cause rice foot rot. Dickeya zeae （wild and mutant strain） could be detected by PCR in the root neck and below the 1-2 cm long stem area, but could not be detected in the leaves. [Conclusion] We believed that toxin may be one of the important factors for D. zeae virulence on rice.     

玉米弯孢叶斑病菌粗毒素的制备

对玉米弯孢叶斑病菌毒素的研究表明,利用甲醇沉淀毒素培养液得到蛋白和非蛋白部分,其中非蛋白部分对寄主具有生物活性;毒素培养液中的活性成分是一类极性较大的物质,而且溶于甲醇。各种生物测定方法中,针刺法方便、快捷,可作为检验该毒素生物活性的测定方法。可以利用甲醇沉淀、氯仿和甲醇混合提取制备粗毒素。     

玉米尾孢菌毒素组分及致病作用的初步研究

对玉米灰斑菌产生毒素的成分和致病作用进行了初步研究。结果表明,灰斑病菌毒素的化学成分主要为蛋白类物质;毒素对不同玉米自交系种子萌发和叶片致萎程度的影响有明显差异,结果与灰斑病对不同抗性自交系的致病能力基本一致。     

胸膜肺炎放线杆菌ApxIA N端基因的克隆与原核表达

[目的]为猪接触传染性胸膜肺炎的诊断和基因工程疫苗的研制提供理论依据。[方法]以胸膜肺炎放线杆菌（APP）血清10型菌株为材料,采用PCR技术对其ApxIA的N端基因进行扩增,将扩增产物转入克隆载体和表达载体中进行克隆和表达,用重组表达质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）,利用免疫印迹分析鉴定ApxIAN端基因表达产物的免疫活性。[结果]ApxIA N端基因PCR扩增产物与标准10型ApxIAgene（D16582）的同源性为99.7%。NcoI和HindⅢ双酶切鉴定结果表明,目的基因已成功转入原核表达载体pET-32a中。含重组质粒的大肠杆菌BL21经IPTG诱导后表达了相对分子量为779 kDa的目的蛋白,该蛋白分子量与标准ApxIA蛋白（Marker）相同。[结论]SDS-PAGE电泳和免疫印迹检测结果表明,ApxIAN端基因在表达载体中得到高效表达,且表达产物具有免疫活性。