杀虫剂对中华草蛉幼虫的毒力及其选择性研究

用点滴法测定了 13种杀虫剂对中华草蛉 (Chrysopa sinia (Jieder) )幼虫的毒力 ,按敏感性由高至低依次为 :久效磷、氯氟氰菊酯、灭多威、丙溴磷、辛硫磷 >氧乐果、甲基对硫磷、甲基毒死蜱 >硫丙磷 >抑太保 >氰戊菊酯 >阿维菌素及硫丹。同时测定了多种药剂对棉铃虫 (H elicoverp a armigera Hübner)、棉蚜 (Aphis gossyp ii Glover)的毒力 ,证明多数有机磷杀虫剂及灭多威为非选择性药剂 ;具有选择性的药剂中 ,硫丹选择性最高 ,其次为氰戊菊酯。氯氟氰菊酯对中华草蛉与棉铃虫表现出一定程度的选择性 ,但对中华草蛉与棉蚜则表现为非选择性 ;随棉蚜抗药性提高 ,各药剂选择性降低。     

65%桑用毒死蜱乳油对家蚕的毒性试验

通过2007年春季65％桑用毒死蜱乳油的家蚕毒性饲养试验，发现在1000～4000倍使用浓度范围内，间隔3-5d家蚕表现急性中毒死亡；间隔6-8d家蚕中毒死亡率随浓度增高而增高，随浓度降低，家蚕中毒死亡龄次逐步延后，出现积累性中毒症状，同等有效剂量，桑用乳油的生活力和茧质指标明显好于一般乳油；间隔14～16d后，各处理的生活力和茧质指标与不喷药对照无显著差异存在。65％桑用乳油2000倍喷药，安全用叶间隔期春季推荐为15～20d；秋季为20～25d。     

钼的毒性与反刍动物钼中毒

本文综述了微量元素钼对反刍动物毒性的研究结果,如:钼的化学特性、钼在饲料与反刍动物体内的含量与分布、钼的生物学作用、钼在反刍动物体内的吸收、代谢及与其它元素间的互作等。最后阐述了反刍动物钼营养需要量、饲料中钼的最大允许量及反刍动物钼中毒的防治。     

几种微量元素对动物生殖毒性的研究进展

随着微量元素饲料添加剂的广泛应用,其对动物的生殖毒性已经引起了人们的关注。文章就微量元素氟、砷?锰?镍、硒对动物生殖的毒性作用作了简要的综述。     

4种生物农药对枸杞蚜虫的室内毒力测定

在室内条件下采用浸渍法测定了4种生物农药对枸杞蚜虫的毒力,其结果显示,供试药剂对枸杞蚜虫的毒力顺序为2.5%鱼藤酮、0.5%绿农宝、Bt、歼年虫菜蛾特,其中2.5%鱼藤酮的毒力最高,LC50为3.05~3.11mg/kg,0.5%绿农宝、Bt毒力水平接近,而歼年虫菜蛾特毒力水平最低。     

不同杀虫剂对玉米蚜毒力及田间药效试验

[目的] 为筛选防治玉米蚜虫的有效药剂，为防治提供依据。[方法]采用室内毒力测定与田间药效试验相结合方法。[结果]双丙环虫酯分别与啶虫脒、联苯菊酯复配为增效；吡啶喹唑啉与啶虫脒、联苯菊酯复配为增效。田间药效试验表明双丙环虫酯+啶虫脒（4.00+8.00 g a.i./hm2），双丙环虫酯+联苯菊酯（4.00+16.00 g a.i./hm2），吡啶喹唑啉+啶虫脒、吡啶喹唑啉+联苯菊酯（15.00+3.75g a.i./hm2），防效均在82%以上。[结论] 筛选出防治玉米蚜的有效药剂及配比，为防治玉米蚜奠定基础。     

BtMP—342菌株的生物学特性分析及毒力测定

１９９２年，从自然死亡尺蠖幼虫体内分离出ＢｔＭＰ－３４２菌株，经对落叶松毛虫室内外生测证明，该菌株是高毒力的优良菌株。１９９５年７月－８月期间，采用ＰＣＲ技术分析了ＢｔＭＰ－３４２菌株特异性，该菌株含有ＣｒｙＩＡａ、ＣｒｙＩＡｃ、ＣｒｙⅡＡ、ＣｒｙⅡＢ以及ＣｒｙＶ等五种毒蛋白基因。质粒电泳图谱分析表明，ＢｔＭＰ－３４２菌株由９个质粒构成，其中ＣｒｙⅠＡａ和ⅠＡｃ基因位于１５１．３Ｍｄ和１４６．８Ｍ     

不同杀菌剂对万寿菊灰霉病菌的室内毒力测定

以不同杀菌剂对万寿菊灰霉病菌做室内毒力试验,结果表明:5种杀菌单剂对灰霉病菌的EG50由低到高依次为50%速克灵可湿性粉剂(WP)、20%甲基立枯磷乳油(EC)、70%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂(WP)、50%扑海因悬浮剂(SC)、70%百菌清可湿性粉剂(VIP),以50%速克灵可湿性粉剂(WP)的抑制作用最好,其EG50为5.17 mg/L.     

The effect of high ortho-phosphate water levels on growth,feed intake,nutrient utilization and health status of juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) reared in intensive recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS)

In intensive recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) ortho-phosphate (ortho-P) is one of the main accumulating substances, but effects of chronically elevated concentrations on fish health and production performance are still unknown. Therefore 120 juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) were exposed to ortho-P concentrations of 3 mg/L (control – C), 26 mg/L (low – LP), 52 mg/L (medium – MP) and 82 mg/L (high – HP) for 56 days and fed until satiation with a commercial diet. Health status and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not significantly affected by treatment (p > 0.05). Specific growth rates (SGR) and daily feed intake (DFI) of C were not considered significantly different from LP, MP and HP treatments, however LP showed significant higher DFI and SGR than HP (p < 0.05). Using non-linear regression between SGR and ortho-P concentrations, 27 mg/L ortho-P was found as the optimum for turbot growth. Although not reflected in blood plasma P levels (p > 0.05) a potential aqueous P uptake might result in metabolic benefits leading to the observed growth enhancement in the LP treatment.In a second experiment 114 juvenile turbot were exposed to ortho-P concentrations of 2 mg/L (C2) and 25 mg/L (LP2) for 63 days and fed until satiation with a low P diet (4.6 g digestible-P/kg diet). Overall production performance was low due to low voluntary feed intake. Whereas the FCR was unaffected by treatment (p > 0.05), significantly higher feed intake and biomass gain were observed for LP2 compared to C2 (p < 0.05). LP2 treatment showed a trend for higher protein retention efficiency and lower whole body lipid content (p < 0.1). The dry matter, ash, Phosphorus, Calcium and protein content in whole body did not significantly vary between treatments (p > 0.05).In conclusion the accumulation of ortho-P in RAS does not negatively affect health of turbot. Elevated ortho-P seems to have slight positive effects on production performance of juvenile turbot. Further research to quantify dietary P requirements for turbot in general, as well as for turbot raised under elevated ortho-P conditions in RAS is strongly required.