环境对大豆种子发芽率的影响

通过对大豆品种的不同温度、不同发芽床及室内外自然环境等因素的发芽试验研究 ,结果表明 :百粒重较高的大中粒种子以恒温 2 0℃ ,百粒重较低的小粒种子以恒温 2 5℃发芽率最高 ;最适宜的发芽床是消毒后的砂床 ,其砂水比为 5 :1;覆盖厚度为 1.5～ 2cm ,自然环境中 ,平均气温超过 2 5℃后不宜做大豆发芽试验     

褐飞虱种群动态的研究 Ⅰ.温度、食料条件对种群增长的影响

褐飞虱未成熟期的发育速率与温度呈逻辑斯蒂曲线关系。除取食秧苗外,在其它生育期稻株上完成一个世代的发育起点温度和有效积温值基本相似,其短翅型世代为10.8℃和434.3日度,长翅型世代为10.7℃和452.4日度。卵的孵化率稳定,受试验温度(17.5—29℃)和水稻生育期影响小,平均孵化率为92％。若虫存活率则明显受温度和食料状况影响。成虫寿命、总产卵量、产卵速率等亦因温度和食料条件的变化而有很大波动。温度在27℃,取食分蘖、拔节期水稻的种群内禀增长能力(r_m)最大。     

砀山酥梨土壤条件的研究

本文对酥梨生长的土壤条件进行了研究,明确指出酥梨产量品质与土壤条件的关系,为因土种植、优质高产提供了科学依据。     

动态矩阵控制在电阻炉温度控制系统中的应用

通过对电阻炉动态对象特性的研究以及预测控制方法的改进,比较了动态矩阵控制和PID控制在电阻炉温度控制系统中的应用效果．仿真结果表明：DMC不但克服了建模的不精确性和参数的时变性,而且根据给定的期望曲线,实现了比PID控制更令人满意的性能指标．     

Effects of contact with wood on blood pressure and subjective evaluation

This study examined the effects of contact with wood on the living human body using a physiological index and subjective evaluation. Consecutive blood pressure measurements were used as the physiological index, and sensory evaluation using the semantic differential (SD) method was used for subjective evaluation. Consideration was also given to cases in which materials were cooled and heated as well as kept at room temperature, to eliminate the effects of heat flux due to differences in thermal conductivity between wood and other materials. It was found that contact with wood produced coarse/natural sensations, with no associated increase in systolic blood pressure. Contact with cold wood created subjectively dangerous/uncomfortable but still coarse/natural sensations, also with no associated increase in blood pressure; therefore, there was no correspondence between subjective evaluation and physiological responses. Contact with aluminum kept at room temperature and cold acrylic plastic created flat/artificial and dangerous/uncomfortable sensations, with an associated significant increase in blood pressure; thus, there was a close correlation between subjective evaluation and physiological responses. It was therefore concluded that contact with wood, unlike artificial materials such as aluminum, induces no physiological stress even when kept at room temperature or cooled. Part of this report was presented at the 48th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society in Shizuoka, April 1998     

小叶白掌变异苗的恢复

小叶白掌变异苗的恢复应在25℃一28℃条件下。对4类变异苗，以MS IAA0．1mg／L培养基的效果为好；对5类变异苗则以MS IBA0.3mg/L培养基较好。     

内江市城市热岛效应时空演变特征遥感分析

利用内江市1988年6月23日、2000年5月10日和2007年5月6日的Landsat TM/TM＋遥感影像提取了3个时期的城市范围信息,并定量反演了亮度温度,并利用均值-标准差法对亮温进行分级,在此基础上分析了内江市区城市热岛效应的时空演变规律。结果表明,1988～2000～2007年间,内江市区存在明显的城市热岛效应,并呈现出先增强再减弱的趋势。     

一株产胶霉菌素菌株的ARTP诱变及筛选

试验旨在选育出胶霉菌素高产菌株,以胶霉菌素产生菌TY-009为初始菌株,利用常压室温等离子体(ARTP)诱变技术对产胶霉菌素的绿色木霉菌株进行诱变处理,并设置时间梯度,检测不同处理时间样品的胶霉菌素产量。通过平板筛选以及摇瓶复筛选出8株正突变菌株,其中产率最高达到0.86 mg/m L,较初始菌株的产率提高了45.76%。ARTP诱变方法快速、高效,对绿色木霉菌株的诱变效果良好,在提高胶霉菌素产量方面有很好的应用前景。     

Short-term water management at early filling stage improves early-season rice performance under high temperature stress in South China

Asymmetric warming and frequent temperature extremes are the consequences of climate change that are affecting crop growth and productivity over the globe while heat stress at early filling stage is of serious concern for the early-season rice in double cropping rice system of South China. In present study we assessed different short-term water management strategies to cope with the high temperature at early filling stage in rice. Water was applied as flood irrigation at two various depths i.e., 4–5 cm (I1) and 5–10 cm (I2) during 9:00–18:00 and then drained off at 18:00 as well as applied over-head during different time spans i.e., over-head sprinkle irrigation during 11:00–12:00, 13:00–14:00 and 14:00–15:00 at 60–80% relative humidity (RH) at early filling stage and regarded as S1, S2 and S3, respectively. A control was maintained with the maintenance of 1 cm water layer as normal farmer practice of this region. A fragrant rice cultivar, ‘Yuxiangyouzhan’ in early March (regarded as early season rice) in both 2014–15 and the effectiveness of different water management strategies were measured by estimating physio-biochemical responses, photosynthesis, yield and quality of rice exposed to high temperature stress at early filling stage. Our results showed that water treatments lowered lipid peroxidation (in terms of reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) contents) whilst proline and protein contents were affected differently. The water treatments also regulated the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), nevertheless, improved plant photosynthesis and gas exchange, rice yield and quality attributes considerably by lowering severity of canopy temperatures than control (CK). On average, both flood and sprinkler water application were proved effective against high temperature stress, nonetheless, flood irrigated treatments were remained more effective than sprinkler which provided 26.58 and 43.63% higher grain yields in 2014–15, respectively than CK. On average, 5.58 and 11.92% higher grain yields were recorded in flood irrigation than sprinkler irrigation whereas among individual water application treatments, I1 was noted as the most effective regarding grain yield of rice (26.76 and 49.35% higher yield than CK) in both years which suggests that maintenance of 4–5 cm water layer might be helpful for the rice to withstand against high temperature stress at post heading and/or early filling stage in early-season rice production in South China.