全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2319篇 |
免费 | 114篇 |
国内免费 | 110篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 134篇 |
农学 | 188篇 |
基础科学 | 124篇 |
339篇 | |
综合类 | 1105篇 |
农作物 | 123篇 |
水产渔业 | 173篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 144篇 |
园艺 | 197篇 |
植物保护 | 16篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 10篇 |
2023年 | 15篇 |
2022年 | 28篇 |
2021年 | 26篇 |
2020年 | 40篇 |
2019年 | 41篇 |
2018年 | 33篇 |
2017年 | 52篇 |
2016年 | 78篇 |
2015年 | 115篇 |
2014年 | 123篇 |
2013年 | 118篇 |
2012年 | 146篇 |
2011年 | 221篇 |
2010年 | 188篇 |
2009年 | 184篇 |
2008年 | 140篇 |
2007年 | 140篇 |
2006年 | 141篇 |
2005年 | 88篇 |
2004年 | 63篇 |
2003年 | 71篇 |
2002年 | 47篇 |
2001年 | 40篇 |
2000年 | 43篇 |
1999年 | 50篇 |
1998年 | 39篇 |
1997年 | 57篇 |
1996年 | 29篇 |
1995年 | 33篇 |
1994年 | 24篇 |
1993年 | 35篇 |
1992年 | 16篇 |
1991年 | 21篇 |
1990年 | 18篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2543条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Vikingstad E Andersson E Norberg B Mayer I Klenke U Zohar Y Stefansson SO Taranger GL 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2008,34(3):289-298
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) females (2 SW), maturing for the first time, were reared under one of three temperature regimes (high: 14.3 ± 0.5°C;
natural: 10.6 ± 1.0°C; and cold: 6.9 ± 1.0°C) in combination with one of two experimental treatments; an injection of GnRH
analogue (GnRHa) contained in biodegradable microspheres, or a sham injection (microspheres only). The six experimental groups
were then reared under simulated natural photoperiod for 4 weeks. Blood samples were drawn for analysis of plasma steroid
levels and the fish were inspected for ovulation weekly. Batches of stripped eggs were incubated in triplicate incubators
in raceways until the eyed stage. Treatment with GnRHa resulted in a substantial advancement and synchronization of ovulation
at all temperatures, while exposure to cold water also appeared to advance ovulation slightly. While 75% (warm and cold) to
90% (natural) of GnRHa fish ovulated during the 4-week trial, only 30% of sham-treated females exposed to cold water, and
none of the sham-treated fish held at higher temperatures, ovulated during this period. Survival rates of embryos to the eyed-stage
were significantly higher for broodstock exposed to cold water. Plasma levels of testosterone (T), 17β-oestradiol (E2), and 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20βP) were all significantly affected by treatment with GnRHa and, to a lesser
extent, temperature. The efficiency of GnRHa in counteracting the negative effects of high temperature on ovulation and the
associated changes in circulating sex steroids suggest that temperature inhibition operates at least in part at the brain
or pituitary. 相似文献
42.
In this study, the energy budget of the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, was evaluated after one-week acclimation periods at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25°C. Small clams (151 ± 12 mg DW) and large clams
(353 ± 16 mg DW) were fed with the microalgae, Isochrysis galbana. Filtration rate, ingestion rate, assimilation efficiency, oxygen-consumption rate, and ammonia excretion rate were measured.
Both filtration rate and ingestion rate of small and large clams were found to be related to temperature. The highest Q
10 values were measured in the range 15–20°C for both small and large clams. Assimilation efficiency of both small and large
clams was not significantly influenced by temperature, although the maximum mean values were detected at 20°C. Oxygen consumption
rate and ammonia excretion rate of small and large clams were found to be related directly to temperature over the entire
range, with a maximum being detected at 25°C. The highest Q
10 value was estimated in the range 10–15°C with regard to oxygen consumption rate, and in the range of 15–20°C with regard
to ammonia excretion rate. Scope for growth (SFG) was positive at all temperatures, achieving a maximum value at 20°C in both
small and large clams, primarily as a consequence of the enhanced ingestion rate which offset the concomitant elevation in
the metabolic rate. In this study we have estimated the thermal optimum for this species at 20°C. 相似文献
43.
Danielle Johnston Roy Melville-Smith Blair Hendriks Bruce Phillips 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2008,279(1-4):77-84
Wild caught post-pueruli, year one and year two post settlement juvenile western rock lobster, Panulirus cygnus, were held at ambient temperatures (15.6 °C to 23.1 °C; mean 19.0 ± 0.07 °C) or at 23 °C, and fed the same ration of a formulated pellet diet either once per night, or 3 times per night, over 12 months, to determine whether elevated temperatures and multiple feeds per night would stimulate growth through increased metabolism and feed utilisation without significant negative impacts on survival. Survival of post-pueruli (mean 63%) did not differ between ambient and 23 °C. Survival of year 1 and 2 juveniles was higher at ambient temperatures (p < 0.01 ambient: year 1 juveniles, 68%; year 2 juveniles, 88%; 23 °C: 57% and 74%, respectively). Feeding frequency did not affect survival of post-pueruli and year 2 juveniles (mean 63%, 81% respectively), but survival was 9% higher for year 1 juveniles fed three times per night (58% versus 67%; p < 0.01). All lobsters grew faster at 23 °C than at ambient temperatures (p < 0.05), with the growth of post-pueruli almost doubled at 23 °C (weight gain at 23 °C versus ambient: post-pueruli, 18 438 % versus 9 915 %; year 1 juveniles 259% versus 165%; year 2 juveniles 23% versus 21%). Feed frequency did not influence the growth of year 1 and 2 juveniles. However, there was an interaction effect of temperature and feed frequency on post-pueruli where weight and carapace length were significantly higher at ambient temperatures when post-pueruli were fed three times a day, whereas at 23 °C weight and carapace length were significantly greater when fed once per day (p < 0.05). Feed intake (g pellet dry matter lobster− 1 day− 1) of pellet was higher at 23 °C for all lobsters (p < 0.05), but was the same between lobsters fed 3 times per night versus once per night. This study has shown that increasing temperatures to 23 °C significantly improved the growth of P. cygnus post-pueruli without any adverse effects on survival. The faster growth rates exhibited by year 1 and 2 juveniles at 23 °C may potentially offset their lower survival by significantly reducing culture period. There is no benefit of feeding P. cygnus multiple times at night in terms of growth and survival. The implications for P. cygnus culture are that temperatures should be maintained close to 23 °C during the entire growout period, with due care taken to minimise mortalities through adequate provision of food and shelter. Feeding P. cygnus once daily to excess just prior to dusk to co-incide with nocturnal feeding behaviour is recommended. 相似文献
44.
AIM: To observe the effect of high temperature on the delayed rectifier K+ channel(IK) in hypothalamus neurons METHODS: The kinetic properties of I K were measured by cell-attached mode of patche-clamp technique RESULTS: The conductance, long-term open constant(τ o2) and open probability(Po) of IK increased with increase of temperature (P <0.05), while more burst open and multi-order open were recorded Many types of currents occurred after heat stress at 43℃,and voltage-dependent property reduced and even depressed CONCLUSIONS: The activating action of IK might be affected obviously by high temperature, the coupling between I K and body fever or heatstroke remained to be established. 相似文献
45.
Asymmetric warming and frequent temperature extremes are the consequences of climate change that are affecting crop growth and productivity over the globe while heat stress at early filling stage is of serious concern for the early-season rice in double cropping rice system of South China. In present study we assessed different short-term water management strategies to cope with the high temperature at early filling stage in rice. Water was applied as flood irrigation at two various depths i.e., 4–5 cm (I1) and 5–10 cm (I2) during 9:00–18:00 and then drained off at 18:00 as well as applied over-head during different time spans i.e., over-head sprinkle irrigation during 11:00–12:00, 13:00–14:00 and 14:00–15:00 at 60–80% relative humidity (RH) at early filling stage and regarded as S1, S2 and S3, respectively. A control was maintained with the maintenance of 1 cm water layer as normal farmer practice of this region. A fragrant rice cultivar, ‘Yuxiangyouzhan’ in early March (regarded as early season rice) in both 2014–15 and the effectiveness of different water management strategies were measured by estimating physio-biochemical responses, photosynthesis, yield and quality of rice exposed to high temperature stress at early filling stage. Our results showed that water treatments lowered lipid peroxidation (in terms of reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) contents) whilst proline and protein contents were affected differently. The water treatments also regulated the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), nevertheless, improved plant photosynthesis and gas exchange, rice yield and quality attributes considerably by lowering severity of canopy temperatures than control (CK). On average, both flood and sprinkler water application were proved effective against high temperature stress, nonetheless, flood irrigated treatments were remained more effective than sprinkler which provided 26.58 and 43.63% higher grain yields in 2014–15, respectively than CK. On average, 5.58 and 11.92% higher grain yields were recorded in flood irrigation than sprinkler irrigation whereas among individual water application treatments, I1 was noted as the most effective regarding grain yield of rice (26.76 and 49.35% higher yield than CK) in both years which suggests that maintenance of 4–5 cm water layer might be helpful for the rice to withstand against high temperature stress at post heading and/or early filling stage in early-season rice production in South China. 相似文献
46.
47.
东北地区是中国春玉米的主产区,低温冷害成为高纬度地区玉米减产的重要气象因子.低温冷害不仅影响玉米生理代谢过程,在玉米有机物质积累方面也有抑制作用.因此,减少低温灾害对玉米产量影响成为实现玉米高产稳产的重要方向之一.笔者从玉米抗低温调控技术进展角度出发,综述了低温冷害影响玉米生长发育机制、玉米低温胁迫下发芽相关因素、如何... 相似文献
48.
明确温度与米蛾成虫生殖和卵发育的关系并进行模式化表达,为人工智能规模化繁育米蛾及利用其卵进行天敌昆虫的繁殖提供科学依据。在室内5个恒温条件下(15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃、35℃)测定米蛾卵的发育历期、孵化进度、孵化率及成虫产卵量、产卵动态、寿命等。结果显示,米蛾卵在15℃条件下停滞发育(不能孵化),在20~35℃的温度范围内,卵的发育历期与温度呈负相关,卵的发育速率总体趋势符合Logistic曲线模型V=0.25/[1+exp(5.06-0.24t)](R=0.9993,F=358.06,P=0.0373),孵化率与温度的关系符合二项式关系模型y=1/[0.0144+526644.37exp(-t)](R=0.9471,F=26.14,P=0.0145),在试验温度范围内,米蛾成虫单雌产卵量有随着温度升高呈现先增加后降低的趋势,且米蛾单雌产卵量(y)与温度(t)的关系符合二项式模型y=-2.38t2+128.42t-1383.58(R=0.9941,F=84.28,P=0.0117),成虫寿命亦随着温度的升高逐渐缩短。米蛾雌虫产卵适宜温度范围是25~30℃,最适温度为26.98℃,卵发育的适宜温度范围是20~30℃,最适温度为26.90℃。 相似文献
49.
采用流固耦合的数值方法研究了重型立式车床转台的耦合传热特性,使传热外边界条件变成内边界条件,更符合实际工况。给出了转速范围在5~50 r/min内的空气流场,以及工作台、底座和静压油膜的温度场分布。数值模拟结果表明转速提高使静压油膜温度升高,承载能力下降,加强了散热面对流,且高转速时底座的散热量被低估,但散热面温度没有显著升高,加重了工作台和底座热集中。同时,工作台数值模拟结果与红外线热像仪测量数据吻合较好,说明数值模拟结果符合物理原理,扩展了流固耦合传热的应用范围,使立式车床的散热情况分析结果更加可靠和精确。 相似文献
50.
单栋塑料温室内多因子综合CFD稳态模拟分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为分析单栋塑料温室内的综合环境:气流场、温度场、湿度场、CO2浓度场,建立了包括温室内外空间、室内作物和土壤层等的温室环境几何模型。将温室内的湿空气看作水蒸气、CO2和干空气的混合气体,在分析温室中太阳辐射、作物与环境的质热交换,动量及质能传递过程的基础上,对单栋塑料温室内的环境因子进行了稳态模拟。温室内热辐射传递过程采用蒙特卡罗法模拟方法;将室内作物简化为连续固体换热模型,采用剪应力输运模型(SST)表述温室内的空气紊流。结果显示:温室通风对温度、湿度和CO2分布的影响很大,温室内部上风向温度低,湿度小,同时CO2浓度也不高;温室下风向作物冠层的环境未达到优化状态;模型的预测值低于实测值,但变化规律相似,温度、湿度、CO2含量的预测相对误差分别低于8%、6%和7%。 相似文献