穗离体培养下温度对小麦蛋白质及其组分和产量性状的影响

本实验采用穗离体培养的方法研究了不同培养温度对小麦蛋白质及其组分和小麦产量性状的影响.试验表明:在扬花前3天至乳熟期间,温度对小麦籽粒总蛋白质的含量影响不大,但对蛋白质组分影响较大,低温有利于清蛋白的形成,高温有利于醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白的形成;同时试验还表明低温条件下小麦茎杆总蛋白含量高于高温培养下的茎杆含量;不同培养温度对小麦结实率和粒重也有影响,小麦1.2小花和整穗可见花结实率随温度增高而上升,到20℃时达到最大,分别为96.36%和72.11%,百粒重随温度的升高而增大,呈线性相关,相关系数为0.974013.另外本试验还对受温度影响的13个指标进行了因子分析,分析结果表明13个指标可以压缩为3个因子,因子1可以命名为产量因子,决定总变异的48.045 4%,因子2和因子3可合称为蛋白质组分和粒重因子决定总变异的51.9546%.     

空气温湿度对水稻灌浆及空壳率的影响研究

对1996—2005年10个年份的晚稻孕穗至成熟期的空气温度与相对湿度对水稻空壳率和灌浆影响进行了研究，结果表明：相对湿度对水稻的灌浆速度没有显著影响；灌浆期气温的升高对水稻灌浆速度的增加有显著影响；日最高温度大于或等于30℃的天数对水稻秕粒率的影响是不显著的；但孕穗期至抽穗开花期日最高温度大于或等于30℃的天数对水稻空壳率的影响是极显著的。最后对防御高温危害提出了建议。     

温度对水稻光敏、温敏核不育基因表达影响的研究

在温度和光照自动控制的生物人工气候箱内研究了温度对安农S-1等6个温敏（Thermo-sensitive)不育材料和农垦58S等4个光敏(Photo-sensitive)不育基因表达的影响。结果表明：温敏不育材料在高温（昼温31℃，夜温28℃）条件下为不育，在低温（昼温24℃，夜温22℃）条件下为可育。它们对温度敏感的时期在花粉母细胞形成期至单核花     

水稻发育温度效应的非线性模型及其应用

水稻完成某一生育期所需的有效积温常因环境而异，表明广泛应用的线性积温法需要修正。分析表明，日最低温度比日最高温度效应更显著，说明发育速率与温度间呈非线性关系。于是，本文提出了一个具有较好预测性的非线性温度效应模型。它较其他非线模型的优点在于其参数的生物学意义清晰。对积温的不稳定性，它解释为：有效积温     

温度对棉纤维强度及超分子结构的影响

利用短季棉中棉所16号品种, 研究了温度对棉纤维断裂比强度与超分子结构的影响, 结果 表明： 纤维断裂比强度随铃龄增大而升高; 相同铃龄随温度下降断裂比强度降低。 较高 温度条件下α角随铃龄增大不断宽化(变大), 对纤维强度提高不利; 较低温度条件下α角 随纤维发育不断变小(优化), 某种程度上有利于纤维强度提高;     

Production protocol development for greenhouse cut Linaria, Lupinus, and Papaver flowers

Linaria maroccana Hook. f. Ann., ‘Lace Violet’, Lupinus hartwegii ssp. cruikshankii Lindl. ‘Sunrise’ and Papaver nudicaule L. ‘Meadow Pastels’ seeds were directly sown into 105 cell plug trays and received either ambient light or supplemental high intensity discharge (HID) lighting. For each species, a 2 × 3 × 3 factorial was used with two light intensities during propagation, three transplant stages, and three night temperatures. Seedlings were transplanted at the appearance of 2–3, 5–6, or 8–9 true leaves. Transplanted Linaria and Papaver seedlings were placed at 5/11, 10/16, or 15/21 ± 1 °C night/day temperatures and Lupinus seedlings were placed at 15/24, 18/25, or 20/26 ± 2 °C night/day temperatures. For this study, the optimum production temperature for Linaria was 10/16 °C as the cut stems produced at 15/21 °C were unmarketable and production time was excessively long at 5/11 °C. At 10/16 °C, Linaria seedlings should be transplanted at the 2–3 leaf stage to maximize stem number, stem length and profitability. For Lupinus the optimum temperature was 15/24 °C due to long stems and high profitability per plant. Lupinus seedlings should be transplanted at the 2–3 leaf stage when grown at 15/24 °C to obtain the longest and thickest stems; however, $/m² week was higher for plants transplanted at the 8–9 leaf stage due to less time in finishing production space. For Papaver, the 15/21 °C temperature was optimal as that temperature produced the longest stems in the shortest duration, resulting in the highest $/m² week. At 15/21 °C Papaver plants should be transplanted at the 2–3 leaf stage. Supplemental HID lighting had no effect on any of the species.     

Characteristics of phosphorus uptake kinetics of poinsettia and marigold

In a previous experiment it has been found that maximum uptake rate (I_max), Michaelis constant (K_m), and minimum nutrient concentration (C_min) as plant physiological characteristics may be important for phosphorus (P) uptake in peat-substrate. Thus, variation of P uptake parameters was evaluated with a series of depletion studies for poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) and marigold (Tagetes patula) under fluctuating climatic conditions and different developmental stages.     

基于温度-含氧量的全自动堆肥通风控制系统设计

采用工业计算机和下位机的监测控制方式,开发了基于温度-含氧量的全自动堆肥通风控制系统,并实现了软硬件的配套设计.运行试验表明:采用该工艺堆肥,时间一般为2周,高温期(55～65℃)可维持9 d以上,能有效杀灭病原微生物,产品稳定性好;可在整个堆肥过程中实现自动在线监控堆体温度、含氧量和湿度,运行稳定.     

柴油机功率强化前后气缸盖的温度场模拟与试

对功率强化前后的柴油机分别进行了性能仿真计算,进而确定了缸盖温度场计算的边界条件;利用有限元软件对气缸盖进行三维稳态热分析,并考虑了冷却水沸腾换热的影响;在该柴油机的单缸试验机上进行了稳态温度场测量试验,分析了试验和计算结果;得到了火力面边界条件的设置规律、稳态温度场随工况的变化关系和单缸机与多缸机的稳态温度场差别.     

环境温度与柴油机功率关系的试验研究

选择一台柴油机,在一年四季进行若干次试验,记录环境温度和发动机的功率及其他参数,用数学方法进行处理,分析环境温度与柴油机功率变化之间的数学关系,为柴油机的使用和维护提供参考。