基于SWAT模型的大安市降水入渗量变化的模拟研究

针对近年的研究热点,通过SWAT模型对半干旱、盐碱化严重的吉林省大安市进行降水入渗模拟。以2000、2004和2008年遥感影像解译得到的土地利用数据为基础,结合SWAT模型的模拟结果,讨论LUCC与降水入渗量的相关关系。2008年与2000年相比,难利用地的面积有所降低,旱地、草地等发生了大面积的增加,研究区内土地状况有所好转。通过SWAT模型运行得到的结果显示:2008年的平均降水入渗量为56.27 mm,比2000年的值高。利用降水入渗系数法进行计算,也得到了2008年的降水入渗量高于2000年的结果,这与SWAT模型模拟得到的结果有着相同的趋势,且平均降水入渗量的标准偏差为5.27,说明SWAT模型对于研究区有良好的适应性。同时,根据土地利用数据和SWAT模型模拟数据可以得知,LUCC对研究区的降水入渗量存在着一定的相关性。     

林窗模型研究进展

林窗模型是一类以气候因子(温度和降水)为主要驱动变量对森林动态进行模拟预测的方法, 因其参数易于获得和估计, 结构灵活而开放, 便于研究者根据需要进行适当的修改, 因而得到了迅速的发展, 在世界各地的许多森林类型中得到广泛应用。阐述了林窗模型假设及其发展变化, 系统总结了林窗模型树木生长方程以及影响树木生长的环境因子, 分析了林窗模型对树木死亡过程和更新过程的模拟方法, 指出目前林窗模型研究中存在的问题以及未来的发展方向。     

中国边境9省(区)城镇化与乡村振兴的耦合协调与影响因素

[目的] 探讨中国边境9省（区）城镇化与乡村振兴两大战略系统的协调发展关系与影响因素,为统筹边境地区城乡发展与促进国土安全提供科学依据。[方法] 构建城镇化与乡村振兴的指标综合评价体系,采取耦合协调度模型、灰色关联度模型分析中国边境9省（区）2008—2018年两大系统的耦合协调关系及影响因素。[结果] ①2008—2018年中国边境地区城镇化指数呈波动上升态势,总体上土地城镇化高于人口城镇化。②乡村振兴整体指数由2008年的0.273上升至2018年的0.756,边境城乡统筹推进力度加大,省域乡村发展差距不断在缩小。③城镇化与乡村振兴的协调程度由中度协调向高度协调转变,按照两系统的协调程度情况将边境9省（区）划分为优化提升型、调整进步型与重点突破型。④中国边境9省（区）城镇化与乡村振兴两大系统的协调发展是各种内外部力量交织作用下的结果,其中政府决策起到关键引导作用,互联互通扮演“催化剂”角色,产业结构提供重要内生“造血”力量,经济发展与人口迁移具有外部“输血”作用。[结论] 应从建立健全城乡融合发展机制、分区分级分类制定发展战略、构建跨区域协同发展新格局和激活创新驱动内生发展动力等方面促进中国边境9省（区）城镇化与乡村振兴协调发展。     

后金融危机时代中小企业财务危机预警管理

2008年的全球性金融危机给我国中小企业带来了巨大的冲击,绝大多数中小企业陷入了财务困境,甚至破产倒闭。在后金融危机时代,我们应该吸取经验教训,提高中小企业财务危机意识,加强财务危机的预警,防患于未然,因此建立中小企业财务危机预警模型成为刻不容缓的任务之一。文章尝试在传统的基于功效系数法下构建的中小企业财务危机预警模型中加入了关键性的非财务指标,试图通过定量与定性指标的结合,以期增加模型的全面性与准确性。     

Insulin sensitivity and glucose dynamics during pre-weaning foal development and in response to maternal diet composition

Nutritional management of animals during pregnancy can affect glucose and insulin dynamics in the resulting offspring through influences on fetal development. Additionally, high starch feeding in mature horses is associated with reduced insulin sensitivity and an increased risk for diseases such as obesity and laminitis. However, no study has yet evaluated the effect of feeding a high starch diet to pregnant mares on glucose and insulin dynamics in their offspring. Twenty late-gestation mares maintained on pasture were provided two-thirds of digestible energy requirements from isocaloric, isonitrogenous low starch (LS, n = 10) or high starch (HS, n = 10) feed. Their foals were assessed with an insulin-modified frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test at 5, 40, 80, and 160 d of age. Baseline glucose concentrations, insulin sensitivity, and insulin-independent glucose clearance in 5-d foals were all greater than values observed in mature horses and declined towards mature values as foals reached 160 d of age. Baseline glucose concentrations were all within normal range, but higher in foals born from HS mares through 80 d of age. Insulin sensitivity was not different between dietary groups until a trend for lower insulin sensitivity in HS foals emerged at 160 d of age. These data are the first to characterize decreasing insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in Thoroughbred foals from 5 to 160 d of age. This study also presents the first data examining glucose and insulin dynamics in developing foals in response to maternal high starch diet.     

桉属树种/种源试验

广东省江门地区为调整人工林树种结构,提高人工林的产量和质量,发展以阔叶树种为主的人工林。现桉树(Eucalyptus spp.)已成为该市营造短轮伐期工业用材林的主要树种[1]。本试验的目的在于通过从澳大利亚引进桉属树种,进行桉属树种/种源试验,为江门市选出更适合当地生长的优良桉树树种和优良种源,促进该地区桉树人工林的发展。     

烦夜蛾幼虫在甘薯田的空间分布及其抽样技术

为了掌握烦夜蛾幼虫在甘薯田的空间分布和种群特征,2015年对不同发生密度田块进行了调查,取得8组样本资料,采用6个聚集度指标和Iwao的m*-m回归分析法、Taylor的幂法则等,对其空间分布型和田间理论抽样数进行测定和分析。结果表明:烦夜蛾幼虫在甘薯田间呈聚集分布,聚集强度随着幼虫密度的增加而增大。环境因子是导致烦夜蛾幼虫聚集分布的主要原因。在此基础上,建立了幼虫虫口密度调查的最适理论抽样数公式N=1.96~2/D~2(1.3102/m+0.6255)和序贯抽样模型T_n=1.3102/(D~2-0.6255/n)。     

神经网络对马尾松蛀干类害虫数量的混沌识别

[目的]检测马尾松蛀干类害虫2006～2010年,林间种群数量是否具有混沌特性。[方法]利用前馈神经网络分析马尾松蛀干类害虫林间种群数量的复杂性动态。[结果]前馈网络模型估计的最大Lyapunov指数为0.0128,说明马尾松蛀干类害虫林间种群序列存在混沌现象。[结论]马尾松蛀干类害虫的数量与前一次或前几次观测值密切相关,可用重构相空间的方法预测下一次观测值。     

Soil texture affects the conversion factor of electrical conductivity from 1:5 soil-water to saturated paste extracts

Electrical conductivity(EC) of soil-water extracts is commonly used to assess soil salinity. However, its conversion to the EC of saturated soil paste extracts(ECe), the standard measure of soil salinity, is currently required for practical applications. Although many regression models can be used to obtain ECe from the EC of soil-water extracts, the application of a site-specific model to different sites is not straightforward due to confounding soil factors such as soil texture. This study was...     

Effect of EZH2 regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway on apoptosis of brain glioma cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway on the apoptosis of brain glioma cell lines. METHODS: The expression level of EZH2 in glioma cell lines U87, H4 and U251 and normal human astrocytes (NHA) was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The EZH2 siRNA and siRNA control were transfected into the H4 cells. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Caspase-3 activity was detected by spectrophotometry. The expression levels of the key protein β-catenin of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and the downstream target molecule c-Myc were determined by Western blot. After the H4 cells transfected with EZH2 siRNA were treated with an activator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, the apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry, and the expression of β-catenin and c-Myc was determined by Western blot. RESULTS: The mRNA and protein expression levels of EZH2 in the glioma cell lines U87, H4 and U251 were significantly higher than those in NHA (P<0.05). The expression of EZH2 at mRNA and protein levels in the H4 cells was higher than that in U87 cells and U251 cells (P<0.05). EZH2 siRNA obviously inhibited the expression of EZH2 at mRNA and protein levels in the H4 cells. Knockdown of EZH2 expression decreased the viability of H4 cells, the apoptotic rate was significantly increased, and the activity of caspase-3 was significantly increased in the cells (P<0.05). Knockdown of EZH2 expression also inhibited the expression of β-catenin and c-Myc. The activator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway reduced the apoptosis rate of H4 cells induced by down-regulation of EZH2, and reduced the activity of caspase-3 in the cells. CONCLUSION: EZH2 is over-expressed in glioma cells. Down-regulation of EZH2 expression induces apoptosis of glioma cells by inhibiting the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.