猪水泡病病毒RT-PCR检测方法的建立

根据基因库中的猪水泡病病毒(SVDV)高度保守的VP1基因的序列,设计了与SVDV互补的2对特异性引物,通过对影响PCR扩增因素的筛选,成功地扩增出251bp和366bp特异性条带,将其克隆入pMD18-T载体中,并进行序列测定,与已发表的SVDV基因比较发现,核苷酸的同源性为100%,证实为SVDV的VP1段基因。通过检测FMDV、VSV、BHK21细胞等,对照的扩增结果均为阴性,验证其特异。对SVDVRNA进行10倍系列稀释后检测,结果SVDVRNA在10-4稀释度时仍能检测到阳性,说明具有较好的敏感性。此项试验能稳定、高效、快速地检测出猪水泡病病毒。     

快速ELISA诊断猪旋毛虫病的研究

在快速间接ELISA中将被检血清样品和酶结合物一起保温。既简化了操作步骤,又比常规ELISA缩短了30～90分钟。通过对猪旋毛虫病阴阳性血清检测,表明该方法敏感性为93.62％,特异性为96.88％。为猪旋毛虫病捉供了一种快速诊断方法。     

猪的母性行为研究进展

母猪的母性行为包括分娩前后的一系列行为活动,例如做窝、哺乳以及抚育仔猪等。本文就母猪分娩前行为、分娩行为(产仔行为)、哺乳行为、护仔行为和念亲行为做一综述。     

Semen alterations in porcine rubulavirus-infected boars are related to viral excretion and have implications for artificial insemination

Porcine rubulavirus (PoRV), also known as blue eye disease (BED) of swine, causes respiratory and reproductive problems in pigs at several developmental stages. To study the effect of PoRV infection on semen production, five boars were infected with 1 x 10(6) TCID(50)/ml of PoRV strain PAC-3 and evaluated for 59 days post inoculation (DPI). Infected boars developed reproductive tract pathology that included swelling of the testes and epididymides. Analysis of the semen showed that the infection had little effect on semen production in four animals, but semen from one boar showed severe alterations in sperm concentration, motility, and morphology. When motility was analyzed in BTS-diluted semen after 24, 48, or 72 h, alterations were detected in all boars. Furthermore, viral antigen was detected in semen, the seminal plasma fraction, or sperm fraction from all boars. These results showed that PoRV is excreted via semen and, therefore, artificial insemination is a potential route of dissemination.     

CpG oligodeoxynucleotides augment the immune responses of piglets to swine Pasteurella multocida living vaccine in vivo

Oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated CpG motifs (CpG ODN) prevent development of T-helper type 2 (Th2) immune response and reverse established allergic responses in mouse models. However, little work on immune responses in piglets has been conducted in vivo. In this report, the ability of a porcine-specific CpG ODN to act as an immunostimulant and enhance immune responses of piglets to swine Pasteurella multocida living vaccine (SPML vaccine) was determined. The titre of IgG and IgG1/IgG2 isotype to SPML vaccine in serum, the proliferation of lymphocytes, SPML-specific interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-4 production of PBMCs in vitro and IFN-gamma, IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-4, IL-10 in piglets serum were examined to identify the immune responses of the piglets. Immune responses of the piglets vaccinated with SPML and CpG ODN were significantly stronger than responses of piglets vaccinated with SPML alone. All these data summarized that immunostimulatory CpG ODN could modulate the immune response towards a Th1-like response when co-administered to piglets during SPML vaccination, which suggested that the therapeutic uses envisioned for these ODNs (as vaccine adjuvants and immunoprotective agents) may be applicable to husbandry animals.     

旋毛虫肌幼虫排泄—分泌抗原诊断猪旋毛虫病的研究与应用

应用“ES”抗原和酶复合物对猪旋毛虫病进行了ELISA的诊断研究,其抗原是对Gamble(1984)的肌幼虫培养方法经过改进研制而成的.应用这种抗原和免疫制剂建立起来的酶联免疫吸附试验诊断方法,具有灵敏度高、特异性强、操作简便、容易判断等优点,改变了我国过去应用粗制虫体抗原诊断猪旋毛虫病的状况.通过对71头人工感染旋毛虫病猪血清的诊断,可获得100%的阳性检出率.对旋毛虫病流行区120万头猪的检测证明,患猪检出率达93—95%.对250头ELISA阳性猪与宰后检查对照,其诊断符合率为98%左右.     

猪圆环病毒的分子生物学研究进展

介绍了PCV的分子生物学特征,认为PCV-1和PCV-2有一定亲缘关系,但也发生了较大的变异.PCV基因组是以滚环模式进行复制,PCV-1基因组的复制依赖于Rep蛋白.叙述了PCV的分子免疫学特征,认为PCV-2感染猪后可损伤猪体免疫系统、引起免疫抑制.从分子流行病学角度得出PCV-2不同分离株的基因组通常比较稳定,但是不同地区的分离株在基因组序列上还是有所改变.对猪圆环病毒的研究提出了新的问题.     

猪亚利桑那菌的毒素鉴定及其对小白鼠致病作用的病理学观察

将猪亚利桑那菌培养后离心、冷冻,以小白鼠为试验动物进行细菌毒素鉴定,结果确定猪亚利桑那菌仅有内毒素;用鲎试剂测得其细菌内毒素含量大约为0.125 EU/mL。取10只健康小白鼠观察猪亚利桑那菌对动物的致病性。小白鼠临床症状明显,眼内有脓性分泌物;病理组织切片结果发现,肝细胞界限不清,胞核大小差异较大;脾脏内有大面积出血区;肾小管上皮细胞肿胀,部分胞核消失;心肌纤维肿胀、断裂;由此可见猪亚利桑那菌对小白鼠有很强的致病性。     

多元杂交商品猪胴体瘦肉率相关性状的分析

对以嘉兴黑猪为母本的多元杂交商品猪胴体瘦肉率进行了相关性状的分析。杂交猪不同生长阶段胴体瘦肉率的曲线表明,60～65及90～95kg活重是曲线变化的两个转折点,从本文的结果看,适宜屠宰体重似可放宽至95kg左右。对12个杂交组合及4个纯种猪的胴体瘦肉率进行的最小二乘分析表明,不同的组合水平、不同的父本间,瘦肉率均有着明显的差异。其中杜洛克为最佳父本,其次是大约克及长白,苏白虽有杂种优势,但效果最差。用体尺指标及屠宰性状对胴体瘦肉率进行了估测,建立的最佳回归方程表明,易于度量且与胴体瘦肉率有着密切关系的性状分别为胴体重、大腿重、背膘厚、眼肌面积及胴体长。     

宁乡猪的毛色遗传及其与生产性状的相关

根据宁乡猪选育及专题调查资料研究表明,宁乡猪都有黑斑,这是由主基因所决定,而构成不同毛色类别的黑斑多少及着生部位,表现为多基因遗传,经子亲回归法估测,宁乡猪毛色的遗传力为0.3648(P<0.01).宁乡猪的银颈圈性状不同于汉普夏猪的白肩带,是黑、白斑分布系列中的一种类型。不同毛色类别的宁乡猪在后备猪生长发育、母猪体型及繁殖性状、肥猪的肥育和胴体性状方面没有明显不同,毛色类别与生产性状间的相关均不显著。因此,毛色只是品种特征和遗传稳定性的标志,与生产性能并无直接关系。