带有绿色荧光蛋白外源DNA转染绵羊成纤维细胞的研究

为了优化建立转染绵羊成纤维细胞系的外源基因转染体系,本研究利用带有绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）的外源基因,采用阳离子脂质体法,探讨了DNA用量、脂质体用量和转染时间等因素对转染绵羊成纤维细胞的影响。结果表明,在500 μL转染培养基中成纤维细胞达到85%汇合时,添加由50 μL DMEM中含有0.2 μg DNA和50 μL DMEM中含有2.0 μL LipofectamineTM 2000的两种溶液混合构成的转染液并转染12 h,可获得最高的转染效率。当转染12 h后,用基础培养液培养至第24小时,细胞核周区出现强绿色荧光,而当转染后48～64 h观察时,细胞核周区的荧光强度明显弱,而远离核周区的胞质中的荧光强度增加。     

复合双歧杆菌制剂对肉羊生长性能、养分表观消化率及血液生化指标的影响

为研究复合双歧杆菌制剂对肉羊生长性能、养分表观消化率及血液生化指标的影响,试验选择健康、体重相近的杜寒杂交肉羊60只随机分成4组,每组15个重复,每个重复1只,1组为对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验2、3、4组分别在基础日粮中添加2.5％、5.0％、10％的复合双歧杆菌制剂,预试验7 d,试验期56 d.结果表明:(1)试验3...     

Effect of supplementing urea-treated barley straw with lucerne or vetch hays on feed intake,digestibility and growth of Arsi Bale Sheep

The study was conducted at Sinana Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia to assess the supplementation of graded levels of vetch (Vicia dasycarpa `lana’) and lucerne (Medicago sativa,’ Hunter river’) hay on feed intake, digestibility and body weight (BW) change of Arsi-Bale sheep fed urea treated barley straw (UTBS). A 7 day- digestibility and a 90 day- feed intake trials were conducted using 28 and 35 sheep, respectively. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with seven dietary treatments that consisted of feeding UTBS (T1) as the control treatment, UTBS plus 150, 250 and 350 g dry matter (DM) per day of vetch for T2, T3, T4, respectively and UTBS plus 150, 250 and 350 g DM per day of lucerne for T5, T6 and T7, respectively. Intake of UTBS was not affected (P > 0.05) by inclusion of lucerne hay at 25–35% of daily DM intake. The supplements increased daily intake of total DM, organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and metabolizable energy (ME) (P < 0.001) as well as apparent digestibility of DM, OM (P < 0.001), NDF (P < 0.01), ADF, crude protein (CP) (P < 0.05) and daily BW gain (P < 0.001). Supplementation with lucerne than vetch hay promoted higher (P < 0.001) CP and ME intakes and daily BW gain. Feeding with the UTBS without supplementation was enough to meet the maintenance requirements of the sheep and allow small BW gain. The results of the study showed that urea treatment of barley straw in conjunction with supplementation of lucerne or vetch hay could serve as a useful strategy in improving smallholder sheep production in the tropics.     

绵羊单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌带菌情况的调查研究

对伊犁部分地区健康绵羊的鼻拭子、肛拭子、青贮、土壤进行检测,共检测280个样本,经培养特性、生化特性鉴定,并针对单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌高度保守的hly基因设计的特异性引物进行PCR扩增,同时对扩增产物进行分析,结果有5株分离株为单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌,分布率达1.78%。ERIC-PCR结果表明,此5株单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌与标准单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌对照株指纹图谱有差异,属于不同基因型。     

SHORT COMMUNICATION: Neutrophil oxidative metabolism and haemogram of sheep experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus and supplemented with selenium and vitamin E

The objective of this study was to evaluate neutrophil oxidative metabolism and haemogram in sheep experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus and supplemented with selenium and vitamin E. Twenty male Corriedale sheep were utilised and distributed into four experimental groups each with five animals infected with larvae: G1‐ supplemented with sodium selenite, 0.2 mg/kg body weight (bw) given intramuscularly (IM); G2‐ supplemented with sodium selenite and vitamin E, 0.2 mg/kg bw and 2000 IU per animal, respectively, both IM; G3‐ supplemented with vitamin E, 2000 IU per animal IM; G4‐ not supplemented. A haemogram and the number of parasite eggs were determined in samples of blood and faeces, respectively, on days zero (T0), 20 (T1), 40 (T2) and 60 (T3) and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) assays were performed on heparinized blood samples taken on days zero, 30 and 60. A lower total leucocyte count was detected in G1 in relation to G4 at T4. Lymphocytes were reduced in G1 in relation to G3 and G4 at T3. In both non‐stimulated (NBT‐NS) and stimulated (NBT‐S) dye reduction assays, there was reduced activity at 60 days, in relation to other times in the groups treated with selenium (G1 and G2). On the basis of results obtained, we conclude that supplementation with selenium provides better antioxidant protection to neutrophils.     

小尾寒羊科研与生产概况及前景展望

本文从小尾寒羊的生长性能、繁殖率、肉用品质,营养需要量及杂交利用等方面,回顾了自上世纪90年代后的研究进展与生产现状,浅析了小尾寒羊的发展前景。     

几种绵羊常用粗饲料GI的测定及其代谢能模型化研究

在测定5类9种粗饲料及3个混合粗饲料的常规成分基础上,实测了它们的粗饲料分级指数(GI):大青山草地早熟禾3.4758、沙打旺3.3731、苜蓿1.7202、混粗C21.1797、青干草1.1029、混粗C10.7852、羊草0.5684、玉米青贮0.4152、玉米秸0.1985、谷草0.1728、混粗D0.0805、苏丹草0.0687,并就GI与饲料相对值(RFV)对粗饲料品质的分级进行了比较,表明GI要优于RFV,同时证明:GI还可以用于混合粗饲料的优化与牧草刈割期的确定。研究并建立了预测粗饲料代谢能(ME)的模型:ME(MJ/kg)=-11.7492 0.5959IVDM(D%)-0.0044[IVDM(D%)]2,其中IVDMD为体外干物质消化率。     

羊衣对我国西部羊毛品质和产量的影响

甘肃高山细毛羊常年生活在海拔3000米高的我国西北地区,其自然环境相当恶劣,夏天温度很高,春天风沙很大,紫外线很强烈.羊毛的产量和质量严重受这些因素影响.羊衣可解决这些不良因素的影响,当绵羊穿上这种衣服时,平均试验羊个体净毛量提高0.44Kg,毛束长度提高0.33cm,净毛率提高30.57%.所以绵羊穿上这种衣服可控制风沙、灰尘、紫外线的侵害,达到提高羊毛品质的目的.     

内蒙古地区暖棚养羊的必要性和太阳能采暖的应用

内蒙古大部分地区的严寒季节长达6~7个月,受寒冷气候条件的影响,散养羊生长缓慢,饲料消耗量增加,掉膘现象严重,产羔率和羔羊成活率也受到严重影响,大大降低了养羊的经济效益。建筑暖棚不仅能提供充足的热能,还可防止羊只掉膘。但是,常用的取暖方式以燃烧木材、煤或羊粪砖为主,存在着污染环境的隐患,并会受资源短缺的限制。太阳能作为一种新能源,是人类可以利用的最丰富的能源,可以就地开发利用,不存在运输问题,是一种洁净的能源,不会造成污染和公害。因此,利用太阳能采暖和暖棚养羊能够推动畜牧业向健康、高效、资源节约的合理方向发展。     

绵羊实验性钼中毒研究Ⅷ.免疫指标的改变

成年健康绵羊投服无机钼15mg/(kg·d)即可引起免疫功能的损伤,同时加喂7g硫酸钠则能加剧免疫功能损伤。对钼中毒绵羊血液T、B淋巴细胞百分率及其绝对值和血清α_1、α_2、β、γ球蛋白含量的测定证实,超高水平的钼能导致血液B淋巴细胞百分率及绝对值降低,血清γ球蛋白含量下降;加喂硫酸钠不仅引起血液B淋巴细胞百分率及绝对值、血清γ球蛋白含量减少,而且可导致T淋巴细胞绝对值减少。