拮抗放线菌TA21对烟草根黑腐病菌的抑制及其控病作用

菌株TA21是一株从重庆烟区土壤中筛选出的对烟草根黑腐病菌Thielaviopsis basicola有较强拮抗作用的放线菌,为了明确其抑菌效果和控病作用及其在烟草根黑腐病生防中的应用潜力,本文进行了菌株TA21抑菌活性检测和温室控病测试;并通过形态学、生理生化和分子分类的方法确定其分类地位。室内测定试验表明,菌株TA21对烟草根黑腐病菌的抑菌带宽达12.5mm;温室控病试验发现其对烟草根黑腐病防治效果达85.3%。无菌滤液试验表明,在试验浓度范围内无菌滤液均能有效抑制烟草根黑腐病菌菌丝生长、减少孢子萌发。根据菌株形态特征、培养性状、生理生化特性、细胞组分及16S rDNA序列分析,确定菌株TA21为链霉菌属吸水链霉菌Streptomyces hygroscopicus。     

豆饼粉水解物对微生物谷氨酰胺转胺酶发酵的影响

以链霉菌(Streptomyces sp.)HS-1为出发菌,研究了豆饼粉水解物对微生物谷氨酰胺转胺酶(MTG)发酵的影响.结果表明:以中温压榨所得豆饼粉水解物发酵生产MTG,试验组比对照组(以蛋白胨作为培养基氮源)酶活提高29%.豆饼粉最佳水解条件为用2 mol/L盐酸在121℃下水解1 h,最佳固液比1:3;豆饼粉水解物最适添加量2.5%.不同压榨温度所得豆饼粉的水解物对MTG发酵有影响,以中高温压榨所得豆饼粉的水解物为有机氮源时MTG酶活相对最高.     

拮抗链霉菌AFLP分析技术体系的研究

1材料与方法 1．1菌株供试拮抗链霉菌共10个菌株,均由该课题组分离自京郊菜田土壤和天然次生林土壤（表1）。     

拮抗链霉菌NW136菌株鉴定及其对番茄灰霉病等真菌病害的控制效果

从陕北地区的土壤放线菌样品中分离到一株链霉菌NW136。该菌株的形态特征、培养特征、生理生化特征与已报道的近似种不同,而与微白链霉菌相似。室内和田间试验表明,它所产生的抗生素对番茄灰霉病等具有良好的防治效果。     

瓜类枯萎病拮抗放线菌T8-41的鉴定

[目的]为阐明1株拮抗放线菌菌株的分类地位提供依据。[方法]以从东北地区蔬菜保护地土壤中分离的1株拮抗放线菌菌株T8-41为试材,分析其形态和培养特征、细胞壁成分和生理生化特性。经PCR扩增后,对其与相关菌株的16S rDNA进行同源性分析和聚类分析。[结果]拮抗菌株T8-41属于典型的链霉菌属菌丝形态。其细胞壁中含有L-DAP和甘氨酸,细胞壁类型为I型。该菌可利用D-木糖、L-鼠李糖、D-果糖、蔗糖、棉子糖、葡萄糖、D-甘露醇和肌醇,但不利用乳糖。可以初步鉴定为绿产色链霉菌。T8-41菌株的16SrDNA全长为1 465 bp,与绿产色链霉菌相似性达99%。[结论]链霉菌T8-41属于青色类群的绿产色链霉菌,可将其定名为绿产色链霉菌T8-41(S.viridochromogenes T8-41)。     

(2E,4Z )-Decadienoic acid and (2E,4Z,7Z )-decatrienoic acid,two herbicidal metabolites from Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tü 6105

Two fatty acids, (2E,4Z)-decadienoic acid and (2E,4Z,7Z)-decatrienoic acid, the latter being described for the first time as a natural product, were detected in the culture filtrate of Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tü 6105 by HPLC-diode array screening, purified by chromatographic methods and structurally elucidated by NMR techniques. Both metabolites show strong herbicidal activity against Lemna minor and Lepidium sativum. The herbicidal activities of the isolated compounds were compared with those of similar fatty acids and derivatives. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry     

Complete Genome Sequence of Two Deep-Sea Streptomyces Isolates from Madeira Archipelago and Evaluation of Their Biosynthetic Potential

The deep-sea constitutes a true unexplored frontier and a potential source of innovative drug scaffolds. Here, we present the genome sequence of two novel marine actinobacterial strains, MA3_2.13 and S07_1.15, isolated from deep-sea samples (sediments and sponge) and collected at Madeira archipelago (NE Atlantic Ocean; Portugal). The de novo assembly of both genomes was achieved using a hybrid strategy that combines short-reads (Illumina) and long-reads (PacBio) sequencing data. Phylogenetic analyses showed that strain MA3_2.13 is a new species of the Streptomyces genus, whereas strain S07_1.15 is closely related to the type strain of Streptomyces xinghaiensis. In silico analysis revealed that the total length of predicted biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) accounted for a high percentage of the MA3_2.13 genome, with several potential new metabolites identified. Strain S07_1.15 had, with a few exceptions, a predicted metabolic profile similar to S. xinghaiensis. In this work, we implemented a straightforward approach for generating high-quality genomes of new bacterial isolates and analyse in silico their potential to produce novel NPs. The inclusion of these in silico dereplication steps allows to minimize the rediscovery rates of traditional natural products screening methodologies and expedite the drug discovery process.     

6株土壤链霉菌的抑真菌活性及其发酵液对采后香蕉果实炭疽病的防效

测定了从海南土壤中分离获得的6株链霉菌(Streptomycessp.)LA5、BM9、BM10、BM11、BM19和BW的抑真菌活性及其发酵液对采后香蕉果实炭疽病的防效。香蕉果实接种香蕉炭疽病菌[Colletotrichummusae(BerkeleyetCurtis)vonArx]0h(指接种后立即浸果处理)和24h后,用6菌株的无菌发酵液浸果。结果表明,这6株放线菌活菌及其无菌发酵液对香蕉炭疽病菌均有较强的抑制作用;接种0h后蘸果处理中,LA5菌株的防效最好,达80.0%,与50%多菌灵800倍液的防效相当;接种24h后蘸果处理中以BW菌株防效最好,达75.0%,显著高于50%多菌灵500倍液的防效(64.6%)。     

纤维素降解菌K7-2产纤维素酶培养条件的优化

对新筛选出的产纤维素酶菌株K7—2进行了产酶培养条件的优化。结果表明．菌株K7—2的最优产酶条件为培养液初始pH值7．0、培养温度34℃、摇瓶转速150r·min^-1、培养时间60h、接种量3．5％：最适碳源是麸皮,最适氮源是黄豆粉。为进一步改造、构建更适合生产纤维素酶的工程菌株开辟了新的途径。     

链霉菌702发酵液对草莓保鲜作用的研究

采用链霉菌702发酵液对草莓的防腐保鲜效果进行了研究。通过测定不同处理草莓的含糖量、Vc变化和腐烂指数及重要的贮藏外观表明,链霉菌702发酵酒精浸提稀释50倍液和250mg／L纳他霉素处理的草莓的糖降解进度减缓,Vc含量维持较高含量,腐烂指数明显低于对照．且链霉菌702发酵液处理优于250mg／L纳他霉素处理。试验结果表明,链霉菌702发酵液对草莓有较好的保鲜效果,可有效的降低微生物的生长。