解放钟和早钟6号枇杷果实的贮藏性与采后生理变化比较

较研究解放钟与早钟6号枇杷果实在20℃贮藏条件下果实的贮藏性及采后生理变化规律.结果表明,解放钟枇杷果实比早钟6号枇杷果实较耐贮藏,耐贮藏的解放钟枇杷果实贮藏期间果实失水率较低,保水能力较强.贮藏期间,枇杷果实的总酸含量快速下降,但解放钟枇杷果实能保持较高的总酸含量,而且极显著高于早钟6号枇杷果实;可溶性糖和还原糖含量在贮藏前期(0～5 d)略有上升而后缓慢下降;超氧歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性表现为先升后降的趋势,而且有酶活力峰出现,与解放钟枇杷果实相比,早钟6号枇杷果实SOD和CAT活性变化幅度大、酶活力峰提早出现,代谢不稳定;早钟6号枇杷果实H2O2和MDA含量均比解放钟枇杷果实高,表明早钟6号枇杷果实活性氧代谢加强,从而加快果实衰老,缩短果实保鲜期.     

响应面法高纯度碎粳米淀粉提取工艺的优化及中试研究

为了优化碎粳米淀粉的碱法提取条件,采用Box-Benhnken的中心组合试验设计及响应面分析方法,研究了提取温度、碱液浓度以及提取时间3因素对碎粳米淀粉中蛋白质残留量的影响,得出了碎粳米淀粉提取效果的回归模型。结果表明,最佳工艺参数为:提取温度31.3℃,碱液质量分数0.37%,提取时间20.4 h,料液比1∶5;在此优化工艺条件下,通过中试放大试验,粳米淀粉产品指标为:淀粉纯度达91.04%,蛋白质残留量仅为0.212%,淀粉得率达59.2%,为碎粳米淀粉的工业化生产提供了理论依据。     

Genotypic variation in grain cadmium concentration of lowland rice

Cadmium (Cd) contamination of paddy rice soils is commonly observed in the Yangtse River Delta, China. Large Cd uptake by rice plants and its translocation into the grains can entail human‐health risks. Genotypic variations in Cd uptake and a differential Cd partitioning into grains will be the basis for developing a rice screening or breeding tool for low grain Cd. A field experiment, conducted at the experimental farm of Jiaxing, Zhejiang province from 2002 to 2004, compared 38 rice genotypes of different types (indica vs. japonica) collected from the Yangtse River Delta. The results showed large differences in Cd concentrations in straw, brown rice, and grain chaff among the rice genotypes grown on Cd‐contaminated soil. Concentrations in brown rice ranged from 0.06 to 0.99 mg Cd kg^–1. The total Cd uptake in brown rice varied between 0.96 and 28.58 μg plant ^{– 1}. In general, indica‐type cultivars accumulated significantly more Cd than the japonica‐type cultivars. The Cd concentration in straw was highly correlated with that in brown rice. While significant differences in the Cd‐partitioning ratio (% share of total Cd uptake found in brown rice) among rice genotypes were observed, these were not correlated with Cd concentration of brown rice. This indicates that the Cd accumulation in rice grains appears to be governed mainly by the Cd uptake by the plant and probably not by differential Cd partitioning. The large genotypic variation suggests the possibility to lower the Cd content of rice by genotype selection. The development of such breeding tools should focus on low Cd uptake rather than Cd partitioning between straw and grain.     

龟纹瓢虫对麦蚜的捕食功能反应及寻找效应研究

试验结果表明,龟纹瓢虫(Propylaea japonica)成虫对麦蚜的捕食效应符合HollingⅡ型模型,为Na=0.7059N/(1 0.013 3N),成虫对麦蚜的寻找效应是随着猎物密度的增加而降低.根据HollingⅢ型功能反应新模型得:Na=75.19exp(-47.53/Nt),在1 d内,1头龟纹瓢虫对麦蚜达到最大捕食量为75.19头,最佳寻找密度为47.53头,在利用龟纹瓢虫成虫防治麦蚜时,益害比可以以1∶50作为参考值.     

籼粳交后代亚种分类性状与经济性状关系的研究

在对水稻籼粳交F1、F2 代及籼粳杂交育成品种进行分类的基础之上 ,分析籼粳交F1、F2 代及籼粳杂交育成品种亚种分类性状与经济性状的相关关系。研究结果表明 :籼粳交F1、F2 代及籼粳杂交育成品种亚种分类性状与主要经济性状存在密切的相关关系 ,依据这些相关关系可以利用程氏指数亚种分类性状进行籼粳杂交亲本和杂交后代的适宜选择     

我国金银花绿原酸含量及影响因子研究进展

绿原酸在中药金银花中的含量较高,有较强的生理活性,是金银花的主要有效成分之一。综述金银花绿原酸含量以及影响金银花绿原酸含量的因子,为金银花遗传改良提供参考。     

杂交粳稻春优84的生育特性及高产栽培技术

春优84是中国水稻研究所和浙江农科种业有限公司合作,用春江16A与C84组配而成的三系杂交粳稻新组合。该组合表现出茎秆粗壮、耐肥抗倒、穗大粒多、丰产性好,米质较优等特点。2013年通过浙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定,适宜在浙江省作单季晚稻种植。本文总结了该组合的生育特性及高产栽培技术要点。     

结缕草3个品种抗寒性的综合评价

跟踪测定了田间自然降温过程中,结缕草3个品种叶片、茎、根茎的电解质渗透率、可溶性糖含量、游离脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量、可溶性蛋白质含量和叶绿素含量6个抗寒指标的变化。根据指标测定值的变化趋势,采用加权法对结缕草3个品种的抗寒能力进行综合评价。结果表明,兰引3号抗寒力最强,交大1号次之,青岛最差。通过试验测定,选出了能够较好地反映结缕草抗寒性的指标,包括电解质渗透率、可溶性糖含量、游离脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量、可溶性蛋白质含量和叶绿素含量。     

红星茵芋离体花梗腋芽诱导及丛生芽增殖研究

为建立红星茵芋高效的快繁体系,以红星茵芋花梗为试验材料,应用正交试验法,研究了基本培养基成分、生长调节物质的种类和浓度对花梗腋芽的诱导及丛生芽增殖的影响。结果表明,花梗腋芽诱导以MS 2,4-D0.3mg/L IAA0.2mg/L BA3.0mg/L KT2.0mg/L培养基最好,诱导率可达91.1%。丛生芽诱导以MS NAA0.8mg/L BA3.0mg/L KT2.0mg/L培养基最佳,继代增殖系数可达8.73。