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21.
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High temperature is an environmental factor that impairs sow fertility. In this study, we identified the critical weeks for heat stress effects on aspects of fertility performance, namely weaning-to-first-service interval (WSI) and farrowing rate (FR). We also examined the threshold temperatures above which the fertility performance deteriorated and whether there were any differences between parities regarding heat stress effects or thresholds. Performance data of sows in 142 herds from 2011 to 2016 were matched to appropriate weekly averaged daily maximum temperatures (Tmax) from weather stations close to the herds. Two types of ratios (i.e., ratio for WSI and odds ratio for FR) were used to identify the critical weeks for heat stress by comparing the respective measures for two sow groups based on Tmax in different weeks around weaning or service events. The ratios for WSI were calculated between groups of sows exposed to Tmax ≥ 27 °C or <27 °C in each week before weaning, with the Tmax cutoff value based on a recent review study. Similarly, the odds ratios for FR for the two groups were calculated in weeks around service. The weeks with the largest differences in the fertility measures between the two Tmax groups (i.e., the highest ratio for WSI and the lowest odds ratio for FR) were considered to be the critical weeks for heat stress. Also, piecewise models with different breakpoints were constructed to identify the threshold Tmax in the critical week. The breakpoint in the best-fit model was considered to be the threshold Tmax. The highest ratios for WSI were obtained at 1 to 3 wk before weaning in parity 1 and 2 or higher sow groups. The threshold Tmax leading to prolonged WSI was 17 °C for parity 1 sows and 25 °C for parity 2 or higher sows. Increasing Tmax by 10 °C above these thresholds increased WSI by 0.65, and 0.33 to 0.35 d, respectively (P < 0.01). For FR, the lowest odds ratios were obtained at 2 to 3 wk before service in parity 0, 1, and 2 or higher sow groups. The threshold Tmax leading to reductions in FR was 20, 21, and 24 to 25 °C for parity 0, 1, and 2 or higher sow groups, respectively. Increasing Tmax by 10 °C above these thresholds decreased FR by 3.0%, 4.3%, and 1.9% to 2.8%, respectively (P < 0.01). These results indicate that the critical weeks for heat stress were 2 to 3 wk before service for FR and 1 to 3 wk before weaning for WSI. The decreases in fertility performance in parity 0 to 1 sows started at temperatures 3 to 8 °C lower than in parity 2 or higher sows. 相似文献
23.
It has been found that fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGF-FGFR) signaling can regulate the expression of adipocyte differentiation genes. FGF9 is one of the members of FGFs that mainly binds receptors FGFR2 and FGFR3. FGF9 is highly expressed in the adipose tissue of humans and mice, but there are few reports on the role of FGF9 in goat intramuscular adipocyte differentiation. Therefore, this study explored the effect of FGF9 on adipocyte differentiation through cell culture, interference, and overexpression. The expression of receptors FGFR1–FGFR4 in adipocyte differentiation and their effects on differentiation were detected to screen receptor gene of FGF9. Finally, the interaction between FGF9 and the receptor was tested by cotransfection. Our results showed that FGF9 interacts with FGFR2 to inhibit goat intramuscular adipocyte differentiation by regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and preadipocyte factor 1 (Pref1), which is a data support for subsequent pathway research. 相似文献
24.
注射剂的澄明度是兽药生产中质量控制的主要指标,澄明度不合格的注射剂产品,不但影响药物疗效,伤害动物身体;也加大了企业生产的成本,影响了经济效益。从原辅材料、包装材料、净化系统、管道系统等方面对澄明度的影响因素进行了分析探讨,以寻求改进、提高产品质量的方法。 相似文献
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26.
Rei NAKANO Kazuya EDAMURA Tomohiro NAKAYAMA Kenji TESHIMA Kazushi ASANO Takanori NARITA Ken OKABAYASHI Hiroshi SUGIYA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(1):27-35
We investigated the in
vitro differentiation of canine bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) into voltage-
and glutamate-responsive neuron-like cells. BMSCs were obtained from the bone marrow of
healthy beagle dogs. Canine BMSCs were incubated with the basal medium for neurons
containing recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF; 100
ng/ml). The viability of the bFGF-treated cells was
assessed by a trypan blue exclusion assay, and the morphology was monitored. Real-time
RT-PCR was performed to evaluate mRNA expression of neuronal, neural stem cell and glial
markers. Western blotting and immunocytochemical analysis for the neuronal markers were
performed to evaluate the protein expression and localization. The Ca2+
mobilization of the cells was evaluated using the Ca2+ indicator Fluo3 to
monitor Ca2+ influx. To investigate the mechanism of bFGF-induced neuronal
differentiation, the fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitor, the phosphoinositide
3-kinase inhibitor or the Akt inhibitor was tested. The bFGF treatment resulted in the
maintenance of the viability of canine BMSCs for 10 days, in the expression of neuronal
marker mRNAs and proteins and in the manifestation of neuron-like morphology. Furthermore,
in the bFGF-treated BMSCs, a high concentration of KCl and L-glutamate induced an increase
in intracellular Ca2+ levels. Each inhibitor significantly attenuated the
bFGF-induced increase in neuronal marker mRNA expression. These results suggest that bFGF
contributes to the differentiation of canine BMSCs into voltage- and glutamate-responsive
neuron-like cells and may lead to the development of new cell-based treatments for
neuronal diseases. 相似文献
27.
我国气候因素的变化对奶牛生产的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在分析我国气候因素变化的基础上,着重阐述了气候因子对我国奶牛采食,饲料利用率,产奶量和乳成分,奶牛的繁殖力,日增重及发病率等生产性能的影响。结果表明,高温高湿是奶牛生产的主要环境因子。作者不提出了控制奶牛环境的若干措施。 相似文献
28.
柞蚕雄蛾浓缩液对肝细胞的保护和对高脂血症的治疗效果 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
为探讨柞蚕雄蛾浓缩液的保健和医用价值,分别就柞蚕雄蛾浓缩液对小鼠的保肝降酶作用和对半胱氨酸所致大鼠高脂血症的影响进行了实验。结果表明:该浓缩液可明显降低四氯化碳中毒小鼠血清中的谷丙转氨酶水平,因而能减少肝细胞变性、坏死的程度和范围,对受损伤的肝组织具有明显保护作用;可明显减轻肝组织脂肪样变性及降低由半胱氨酸所致高脂血症大鼠血清中的胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白浓度,提高高密度脂蛋白浓度,因而对于高脂血症有良好的治疗效果。 相似文献
29.
试验旨在优化Smad泛素化调节因子2(Smurf2) siRNA最佳转染条件,筛选最佳siRNA干扰片段,进而实现对Smurf2基因的瞬时沉默,为研究Smurf2基因在马兜铃酸肾病(aristolochic acid nephrohathy,AAN)中的作用奠定基础。本研究通过培养小鼠原代肾小管上皮细胞(renal tubular epithelial cells,RTECs),并以脂质体LipofectamineTM 2000为转染介质,将Smurf2 siRNA转染入RTECs;通过观察绿色荧光的表达量及Real-time PCR反应优化转染条件,转染后Real-time PCR检测mRNA表达抑制率。CCK-8法检测Smurf2 siRNA复合物对RTECs活性的影响;同时,用Real-time PCR和Western blotting检测不同位点Smurf2 siRNA对Smurf2 表达的影响。结果显示,当Lipofectamine TM 2000与siRNA比例为1.5 μL∶30 pmol时,转染效率最高,为70%~80%;Smurf2-619 siRNA干扰效果最明显;与正常组相比,转染siRNA组的Smurf2蛋白表达水平显著下降(P<0.05)。最终确定了Smurf2 siRNA最佳转染条件,其中Smurf2-619 siRNA对Smurf2 表达的抑制率最高。 相似文献
30.
采用冻融—透析法提取了免疫犬的特异性转移因子(STF),以健康非免疫犬的非特异性转移因子(NSTF)为对照,对2种转移因子的理化学特性和免疫活性进行了检测与分析。结果表明,2种转移因子的理化学性质相似,STF含有的蛋白量低而核酸量高,而NSTF含有的蛋白量高而核酸量低。E-玫瑰花环试验表明,STF和NSTF均可增强小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,增加E-玫瑰花环的形成率,表明TF具有免疫增强作用,其中STF的效果明显高于NSTF(P〈0.05)。为评价转移因子的免疫活性,首先利用环磷酰胺建立小鼠免疫抑制模型,通过MTT法比较犬脾STF和NSTF对免疫抑制小鼠、生理盐水接种小鼠和正常小鼠的淋巴细胞转化的作用。结果表明犬STF、NSTF对免疫抑制小鼠的外周血淋巴细胞转化均具有明显的免疫增强作用,与PHA对照组相比差异极显著(P〈0.01),其中STF免疫增强作用高于NSTF组,但两者不显著(P〉0.05)。生理盐水组和正常小鼠的外周血淋巴细胞转化表现与免疫抑制小鼠基本一致,犬脾STF、NSTF和PHA对生理盐水组和正常小鼠的淋巴细胞均表现出一定的免疫增强活性,而且犬脾STF、NSTF免疫增强作用显著高于PHA组(P〈0.01)。 相似文献