桑尺蠖性信息素研究

桑尺蠖雌成虫性腺体漂洗液通过气相层析与触角电位联用（GC－EAD），测定出6种环氧类化合物具有明显的触角电位响应，大田生物测定结果表明，其中3Z，6Z－9S，10R环氧十八碳烃（SR－2）和6Z－9S，10R环氧十八碳烃（SR－1）为桑尺蠖的性信息素组分，这是一种新的性信息素结构。SR－2与SR－1的10：1混合物对桑尺蠖雄成虫具有最强的生物活性，可望用于桑尺蠖的性诱测报和防治试验。     

桑毛虫性信息素研究——Ⅱ.桑毛虫成虫的生物学特性

本文报道桑毛虫成虫的生物学特性,特别对成虫的交配习性作了较详细的描述.成虫在羽化后的1—7天内都有交配能力,其中以羽化次日晚的交配率为最高,羽化当天交配率偏低.其原因主要与成虫的性成熟程度有关.凌晨3:00—4:00是成虫性活跃的高峰时间,亦是雌雄交配的盛期.而傍晚前后的活动则与交配无关.雄成虫有多次交配习性,交配次数0—3次.雌蛾则多为一次交配,很少交配两次的.在雌雄成虫比例相当或雌少雄多时,其交配率均相仿.成虫从羽化到交配产卵约需1—2天.     

不同诱捕器和性诱剂对沙蒿木蠹蛾的诱捕效果

本文比较了3种配方性诱剂和3种形状诱捕器对沙蒿木蠹蛾的诱捕效果,结果表明,性诱剂顺-5-十二碳烯乙酸酯的诱芯具有很高的诱蛾活性;船形诱捕器的诱捕效果最好;诱捕器放置高度为1.6～2.0 m的诱集效果最佳;晴天诱捕数量最多。3种性诱剂(器)的诱蛾时间动态表明：性诱剂Z5-12:Ac、船形诱捕器、放置高度为1.6～2.0 m、晴天诱捕为最佳组合,效果优于单项防治措施,该结果可为合理利用性诱剂对沙蒿木蠹蛾进行种群动态监测和有效防治提供理论依据。     

Sublethal effects of larval treatment with deltamethrin on moth sex pheromone communication system of the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis

The first, third, and fifth instar larvae of Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), were treated with a lethal dose 30% of deltamethrin to determine its sublethal effects on chemical communication of the adult survivors. The capability of all males surviving deltamethrin to contact the pheromone source in a wind tunnel was significantly reduced, but those treated as the first and third instars also exhibited lower percentages of `orientation,' `up-wind flight,' and `approaching' behaviors than the control males. Female moths from the deltamethrin treatment exhibited similar calling periodicity and percentages to the control moths during 10-h scotophase. However, approximately 20% of the females that survived the pyrethroid in the first and third instars contained significantly higher amounts of sex pheromone and wider coefficients of variation of the ratio of E12-tetradecenyl acetate to its Z isomer in those female survivors. There was no significant difference in the pheromone titers and coefficients of variation in control females and the females treated in the fifth instars. The present study indicates that the Asian corn borer may possess a compensation system by which the males that survived treatment at larval stage present a lower response to the pheromone, while the female survivors produce and release more pheromone.     

中国麦洼牦牛、美国荷斯坦奶牛的性别鉴定

根据中国黑白花奶牛的ZFX、ZFY基因序列设计引物ZFY1、ZFX2、ZFY3，对中国麦洼牦牛、美国荷斯坦奶牛ZFX、ZFY基因片段进行PCR体外扩增和性别鉴定。结果显示：ZFY1、ZFX2引物对ZFX、ZFY都能扩增出一条652bp片段；ZFY基因特异性引物ZFX2、ZFY3只能对雄性扩增出一条359bp的片段；特异性引物ZFX2、ZFY3能对中国麦洼牦牛、美国荷斯坦奶牛进行性别鉴定。     

性诱剂作用下小菜蛾成虫空间图式的初步研究

本文应用地理统计学原理,初步研究了小菜蛾成虫在性诱剂作用下空间图式的变化过程。研究发现：在性诱剂作用下,小菜蛾成虫向诱芯位置聚集,其在空间所形成的聚集范围不断增大,在第六天达到最大值,约１９ｍ。这说明,小菜蛾性诱剂达到它最大有效影响范围时所需时间约为六天,该范围为３８×３８ｍ２。     

基于改进的TOPSIS法的城乡投入及产出差异研究——以重庆市为例

以重庆市1999～2007年为研究对象,采用改进的TOPSIS法确定城乡差异评价系统子系统的指标权重,利用TOPSIS模型计算子系统差异度,最后得出乡村政府投入严重欠缺的结论。     

成年朱鹮性别的简易鉴定

本试验通过对已知性别的44只成年朱鹮喙的长度和高度的测量，运用统计学原理分析，得出雄性朱鹮口裂到喙尖的直线距离为16．67±1．29cm，喙1／2处高度为1．47±0．17cm；雌性朱鹮则为14．574-0．88emil；]1．29±0．15cm。采用分别测量喙长和喙高的方法综合判定成年朱鹮的性别，其准确率可达90％以上。     

二语习得语误研究综述

二语习得研究对语误做出过多种解释, 其中“负迁移理论”,“中介语理论”,“输入输出假设”,“信息加工理论”和“汉英语言心理差异理论”从不同的视角对语误的产生给出了各自合理的解释。     

Comparative Responses of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars to Salinity at the Seedling Stage

Seedling growth and ion content of Pakistani bread wheat cultivars was assessed in solution culture in the absence and presence of NaCl (100 and 200 mol m⁻³) to determine whether seedling traits could be used in breeding programs for salt-tolerance. Growth was recorded as seedling fresh weight, and the shoot and leaves analysed for major inorganic ions. Plants subjected to salt stress excluded Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions from the shoot to varying extents. Exclusion preferentially maintained lower Na⁺ and Cl⁻ levels in the apical tissue, as the leaf to leaf gradient in Na⁺ and Cl⁻ became steeper as the external salinity increased, although there were significant differences between cultivars. Correlation analysis on individual plants indicated that excluding Na⁺ at low salinity, and Na⁺ and Cl⁻ at high salinity, were correlated significantly with growth performance, although it was clear that other factors were also involved. The relationship of tolerance to ion exclusion was stronger when the data were examined on an individual plant basis than when related to pooled cultivar data or to the cultivar rank order derived from field trials, probably due to large variations in Na⁺, and to a lesser extent, Cl⁻ transport in supposedly homozygous cultivars.