指形丝状线虫发育史的研究

 作者应用直接从丝状线虫子宫中取出微丝蚴,让蚊子通过动物膜吸血获得感染的简新方法,研究了指形丝状线虫微丝蚴在中华按蚊体内发育过程。结果证明:该方法获得的微丝蚴与自然宿主血液中的微丝蚴有相同的生物学活性,在蚊体内可经各期幺玎虫的发育,成为感染性幼虫,接种试验动物,可导致脑脊髓丝虫病。     

平流层辐射对谷子生长发育及后代性状的影响

平流层辐射对谷子的营养生长及后代性状的变异有显著影响。试验结果表明:经高空气球搭载的谷子,种子发芽势比对照提高21.1％,株高比对照降低6.8cm。叶片长度的生长动态呈双峰曲线,叶片长度和宽度与对照的差值由下到上呈正弦曲线,旗叶的面积、穗重均明显高于对照。SP_2分离群体中产生了各种各样具有隐性性状的突变体,SP_3大穗型株系性状相对稳定,在穗长、穗重、种子蛋白质含量和脂肪含量上表现出有选育价值的稳定变异。     

春谷杂种蛋白质含量的遗传分析

对春谷15个杂交组合后代蛋白质含量的遗传特点进行了研究。结果表明,F_1呈倾母遗传,遗传表现比较复杂,F_2变异广泛,分布多数为单峰曲线,也有双峰曲线,并非所有组合都是正态分离,g_1为正值,呈正向倾斜。遗传以加性效应为主,也有显性作用。h_B~2一般为46.16％～55.79％,△G为1.07％～1.83％,△G′为7.97％～14.07％。超亲现象普遍,有的组合超高含量株率较高,早期世代选择效果较好。F_2与中亲值和母本均呈极显著的正相关。     

Multivariate analysis of morphological characters in Setaria leiantha Hackel

Summary Continuous characters related to plant morphology and seed production were measured in eight populations of Setaria leiantha. Phenotypic variation for 12 traits was analyzed by multivariate methods. A canonical variate analysis provided a preliminary criteria for distinguishing the populations. The first three canonical components account for 93% of the total variance. Seed weight per ear was the most important character to discriminate among populations. The preliminari groups formed will serve as centers of diversity for future collections.     

[云南狗尾草×谷子(四倍体)]F_1组织培养中的植株再生

为了谷子三系选育研究的需要,我们进行了〔Setaria yunnanensis×S.italica(4n)〕F_1(不育材料)的幼穗培养研究。在 N_6+2,4-D 0.5～2.0毫克/升+KT 2.0毫克/升的培养基上由小穗轴切口处诱导出淡黄色质地紧密的愈伤组织,此愈伤组织在 N_6+2,4-D 1.0+KT 1.0的培养基上长大,并在表面产生了一些颗粒状结构,后者在转移到 N_6+KT 1.     

天然草本植被根系对表层土壤抗剪强度的影响

利用直剪仪在试验室测定了一年生天然草本植被(主要为稗草和狗尾巴草)根系特征参数对土壤-根系复合体抗剪强度的影响。结果显示,土壤-根系复合体抗剪强度与根重密度的相关性大于其与根长密度或根-土面积比的相关性。土壤-根系复合体抗剪强度随着土壤干密度和根重密度的增大而增大,但随土壤含水量的增大而减小。土壤干密度和土壤含水量对土壤-根系复合体抗剪强度的影响程度大于根重密度的影响程度,其与土壤-根系复合体抗剪强度的标准回归系数(Beta值)分别为0.456、-0.321和0.186。当根重密度为5~10kg/m3时,一年生天然草本植被根系可增大土壤-根系复合体抗剪强度19.8%~39.5%。     

谷锈菌生理分化及谷子抗锈性研究初报

本文在近４０００份谷子材料中，筛选出了６个鉴别寄主，首次将河北省夏谷区锈菌区分为７群２５个生理小种，并指出引起当前谷锈病流行的优势小种和具有潜在危险性小种。     

Innovation of Super Early-Mature Millet Germplasm with Sweet-Stem and Multi-Spikes

A new millet (Setaria italica Beauv) variety, super early-mature millet No. 1, was bred by means of gene bank breeding method of target characters. This variety has the following outstanding characters. (1) Super early-mature. This variety only needs 1550C effective accumulated temperature and can normally maturate in the Bashang Region in Hebei Province of Chi na, which can break through the limit zone of millet cultivation and move the cultivation zone northward greatly. (2)Multi-spikes, in addition to the effect tilling at the top, the nodes in the low-middle part also can produce spikes. (3) Sweet stem have high sugar content. The contents of whole-sugar, soluable sugar and deoxidized sugar are 74.8, 200.5, 237.2%higher than the regular varieties respectively. (4) High gross protein content. The content of gross protein is higher than the regular varieties by 3.9-30.4%. (5)Changeable grain color. The grain color of super early-mature millet No.1 is red in Shijiazhuang, but yellow in the Bashang region. In addition, this variety is characterized by good quality, high yield, and good synthetic traits     

牛腹腔唇乳突丝虫及其感染蚴扫描电镜观察

对牛腹腔唇乳突丝虫雌性成虫及其感染蚴扫描电镜观察结果表明,成雌虫头端的口孔、角质围口环、侧唇、背腹唇、亚中乳突和头感器均清晰可见,体表为环行皮纹和纵行皱褶,尾部可见侧附肢、肛孔及尾端刺状突起物,仅极少数成雌虫尾端呈纯圆光滑样,没有突起物.感染蚴的头部基本具备了成虫头部的构造,但发育较原始,其乳交数量较成虫少,尾部可见肛孔、肛唇及一个侧乳突.     

人工盐胁迫法鉴定谷子及狗尾草物种耐盐基因型

研究分析了发芽生理法和盐床法在鉴定谷子和狗尾草属其它物种耐盐性基因中的应用。结果表明 :发芽生理法可对谷子的耐盐性基因型进行有效筛选鉴定 ,适宜NaCl浓度为1 0 0 %～ 1 5 0 % ;但狗尾草属的青狗尾草、法式狗尾草和金色狗尾草等野生种 ,由于受种子休眠性的影响 ,发芽生理法受到一定限制 ,0 2 5 %盐床法较为适用 ;并鉴定出了数个耐盐基因型 ,为谷子耐盐生理和基因研究提供了基础。