Vermicompost as a substitute for peat in potting media: Effects on germination,biomass allocation,yields and fruit quality of three tomato varieties

Commercial potting media often contain substantial amounts of peat that was mined from endangered bog and fen ecosystems. The main objectives of this study were to assess (1) whether the amendment of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% (v/v) of vermicompost (VC) to a fertilized commercial peat potting substrate has effects on the emergence, growth and biomass allocation of tomato seedlings (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) under greenhouse conditions, (2) whether possible impacts on seedlings can affect tomato yields and fruit quality even when transplanted into equally fertilized field soil, and (3) whether effects are consistent among different tomato varieties. Amended VC was produced in a windrow system of food and cotton waste mainly by earthworms Eisenia fetida Sav. Vermicompost amendments significantly influenced, specifically for each tomato variety, emergence and elongation of seedlings. Biomass allocation (root:shoot ratio) was affected by VC amendments for two varieties in seedling stage and one field-grown tomato variety. Marketable and total yields of field tomatoes were not affected by VC amendments used for seedling husbandry. However, morphological (circumference, dry matter content, peel firmness) and chemical fruit parameters (contents of C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, l-ascorbic acid, glucose, fructose) were significantly affected by VC amendments in seedling substrates; these effects again were specific for each tomato variety. Overall, vermicompost could be an environmentally friendly substitute for peat in potting media with similar or beneficial effects on seedling performance and fruit quality. However, at least for tomatoes, variety-specific responses should be considered when giving recommendations on the optimum proportion of vermicompost amendment to horticultural potting substrate.     

甘肃南部白桦栽培技术

从白桦的生物学特性、经济价值、栽培技术等方面介绍了白桦的特性及栽培技术,对白桦的大面积栽植具有指导意义。     

朱砂根穴盆苗育苗及移植技术研究

朱砂根苗木生产是朱砂根产业化的基础,通过选择不同类型的穴盆进行育苗试验,比较不同类型穴盆育苗对朱砂根出苗率、存活率、苗木叶片的影响;通过对穴盆苗不同时期的移植试验,选择穴盆苗最佳移植时间。     

番木瓜组培种苗推广应用的几个关键技术问题

重点讨论番木瓜成龄侧芽外植体污染率高、不同品种继代培养基差异较大、继代苗易发生玻璃化、组培苗诱导生根困难等关键技术问题,并对今后番木瓜组培苗推广应用作了展望。     

NG在枣试管苗继代培养中的效应

NG是一种非生长激素类的化学药剂。经试验证明:NG是枣组织培养中一种有效的新型生长调节物质。以H培养基为基本培养基,附加70％NG100mg·l~(-1),可显著地提高枣试管继代繁殖材料发芽数,在75～200mg·l~(-1)范围内,随浓度的提高,单芽梢生长量有显著下降的趋势,大于75mg·l~(-1)抑制生根。25mg·l~(-1)、50mg·l~(-1)的NG有利于枣试管继代繁殖材料生根,使芽梢生长粗壮,单株芽梢的总生长量也显著增加,而且用作继代繁殖材料利用率高。     

三代实生与萌芽杉木生长特点分析

通过对三代实生与萌芽杉木生长特性的比较分析，结果表明：三代萌芽杉木早期生长量显著快于实生杉木，但树高在２５年生后、胸径和单株材积在１０年生后出现明显衰退，但至２８年生时这种衰退状况得到一定程度恢复。这体现了三代实生和萌芽杉木在土壤肥力退化较为严重状况下生物学特性的差异。     

大叶速生槐种根育苗技术研究

[目的]提高大叶速生槐种根的繁殖系数和苗木的质量。[方法]对不同直径不同长度的大叶速生槐种根的繁殖方法进行研究。[结果]直径5 mm以上的种苗种根采用直接栽种的方法,直径3～5 mm的种根采用先育苗再移栽的方法,育苗主要采用沙坑密植、营养袋育苗和塑管育苗等方法。[结论]此法不仅提高了大叶速生槐种根的繁殖系数,而且提高了苗木的质量。     

Effect of Seed Size on Germination and Seedling Growth in Greengram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) and Blackgram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) Cultivars

The effect of seed size on germination and seedling growth was assessed using cultivars of greengram and blackgram. Significant positive correlation was noticed between seed size and germination, seedling height, root length, primary leaf size and seedling weight. The possible advantages of choosing cultivars with heavier seeds for attaining better crop stand especially under rainfed situation are discussed.     

甘蔗新品种黔糖4号腋芽离体快繁技术研究

用黔糖4号作供试材料,选择蔗茎嫩梢部茎腋芽作接种外植体进行离体培养;外值体消毒采用75%酒精浸泡8～10s后用0.1%HgCl2消毒15min复合消毒,多次清洗再接种;腋芽诱导培养基采用(液态)1/2MS 0.25mg/L(6-BA);丛芽诱导增殖培养基采用(固态)MS 2.5mg/L(L-BA) 0.2mg/L(KT),每隔15～20d转基继代一次,繁殖倍数可达30倍以上;生根培养基采用(固态)1/2MS 3.0mg/L(NAA) 0.1mg/L(IBA),添加2.5mg/L的MET,使丛苗根粗苗壮;炼苗后移至“沙土沙”的苗床假植,再单株假植至20cm左右高的苗时进行大田定植;摸索总结了一套黔糖4号腋芽离体快繁种苗技术,并详细介绍了操作要领,提出了有关环节中应注意的五个问题和相应的解决方法。     

三倍体毛白杨埋条繁育试验

试验结果表明,带根浸根宝埋条处理出苗量最多,地径最大,树高生长最快,可见,三倍体毛白杨埋条育苗以带根浸根宝效果最好。