新型激活蛋白对多种作物种子发芽的影响

为探讨真菌源激活蛋白在促进种子发芽方面的效果，研究了不同浓度激活蛋白处理对多种作物种子的影响。试验结果表明，用2—3μg／mL的新型激活蛋白浸泡棉种6h，能显著提高种子的发芽势和发芽率。番茄和丝瓜种子分别用1μg／mL的蛋白浸种6h，能显著提高种子的发芽率。黄瓜种子用500倍和1000倍液都能显著提高种子的发芽率。     

种子活力研究与应用技术

经过几十年的研究，种子活力测定作为常规检测项目在世界多数的国家中取得了重大进展。种子检验技术的快速发展，使种子工作者越来越感到活力对农业生产的重要性，也是保证田间出苗率和生产潜力的必要手段，例如高发芽率的种子批具有较高活力，但两者不存在正相关，说明了高活力种子批在田间的表现差异是比发芽率更敏感的指标。     

伊犁地区玉米制种的气候适应性与玉米制种产业的发展前景

比较国内几个玉米产区气候条件对玉米制种的适应性，以及伊犁年际气候条件对玉米制种的适应性表明，伊犁地区适合玉米制种，玉米制种具有较大的发展空间。     

种粒大小选择对大豆种间杂交后代性状的影响

以两种类型大豆种间杂交组合Ｆ２至Ｆ４为材料,研究种粒大小集团选择效应及对其他性状的影响。表明：种粒大小是一个重要性状,大豆种间杂交后代随着向大粒方向选择,植株变矮,茎秆增粗,倒伏性降低,分枝数减少,产量性得以改善。在Ｆ２根据植株体表现进行种粒大小的分组定向选择,这种趋势能够有效地保持到高代。     

Cold tolerance in beans (Phaseolus spp.) as analyzed by their exotherms

Summary Cold tolerance of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), runner bean (P. coccineus L.) and several bean lines was evaluated under artificial conditions. Seedlings were exposed to –6°C gradually, then to –12°C rapidly in the growth chamber with copper-constantan thermocouples attached to various parts of the plant. Seedling freezing curves with exotherms were then analyzed. Three basic parameters were measured: time required for exotherm to appear, temperature of the appearance of the exotherm and temperature rise caused by the exotherm. Exotherm appearance in beans was related to freezing injury and death of the seedlings. Exotherms of the common bean variety Bush Blue Lake 92 seedling recorded at the stem, primary leaf base, tip and petiole and true leaf appeared at the same time, however their shape was different. Exotherms of stem appeared at higher temperature than those of primary leaves. Their shapes always followed the same pattern. Beans with cold tolerance were found to produce exotherms later than susceptible ones. Exposing 3 weeks old bean seedlings to 12°C delayed the time of exotherm appearance in the cold susceptible cultivar Bush Blue Lake 92. Some plants survived 2 hours exposure to –6°C in the growth chamber.     

Wheat Seed Presoaking for Improved Germination

Seed presoaking improves wheat germination under marginal moisture conditions. The duration of seed presoaking was studied at The University of Arid Agriculture, Rawalpindi, using 10 wheat varieties. Seed presoaking beyond 12 h does not improve germination further, and beyond 21 h, germination rate is drastically reduced.     

Rapid and Synchronous Germination of Cicer Milkvetch (Astragalus cicer L.) Seed following Diurnal Temperature Priming

Experiments were conducted to determine if diurnal temperature variation could be used to prime cicer milkvetch ( Astragalus cicer L.) seed and thereby shorten the time for seed germination. For untreated cicer miikvetch seed at constant 20°C, 50% of the seeds germinated in 8.2 days and 90% of the seeds germinated in 10.5 days. In contrast, seed that was first primed for 7 days with a diurnal temperature variation (35 (8h)/5 (16h) °C) had values of 1.9 days and 3.3 days, respectively. A second experiment evaluated priming of seed in bulk to test if a procedure might be developed that could be scaled up to prime commercial quantities of seed. A bulk sample of seed was soaked in water for 5h at room temperature and then kept in a high humidity atmosphere during 7 days of priming at 35/5°C. Hydrated seed from the bulk sample had 50% germination in 2.7 days and 90% germination in 5.3 days. When the bulk sample was dried for 8 days at room temperature, the benefit of priming on shortening germination time was retained. It is likely that diurnal temperature priming could be adapted to large volumes of seed.     

种子形状参数检测的计算机图象处理技术

设计了采用计算机图象处理技术检测形状特征参数的实用算法，开发了对种子进行基本形状参数测量的计算机图象处理系统，实际测试表明，系统运行稳定，测量速度快，精度高，适合同时分析多个物体的特征参数。     

Deficit irrigation and nitrogen effects on seed cotton yield, water productivity and yield response factor in shallow soils of semi-arid environment

A field experiment was conducted for 2 years to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation, nitrogen and plant growth minerals on seed cotton yield, water productivity and yield response factor. The treatment comprises six levels of deficit irrigation (Etc 1.0, 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6 and 0.5) and four levels of nitrogen (80, 120, 160 and 200 kg N ha⁻¹). These were treatments superimposed with and without plant growth mineral spray. Furrow irrigation treatments were also kept. Cotton variety Ankur-651 Bt was grown during 2006 and 2007 cotton season. Drip irrigation at 1.0 Etc saved 26.9% water and produced 43.1% higher seed cotton yield over conventional furrow irrigation (1.0 Etc). Imposing irrigation deficit of 0.8 Etc caused significant reduction in seed cotton yield to the tune of 9.3% of the maximum yield. Further increase in deficit irrigation from 0.7 Etc to 0.5 Etc significantly decreased seed cotton yield over its subsequent higher irrigation level. Decline in the yield under deficit irrigation was associated with reduction in number of bolls plant⁻¹ and boll weight. Nitrogen at 200 kg ha⁻¹ significantly increased mean seed cotton yield by 36.3% over 80 kg N ha⁻¹. Seed cotton yield tended to increase linearly up to 200 kg N ha⁻¹ with drip Etc 0.8 to drip Etc 1.0. With drip Etc 0.6-0.5, N up to 160 kg ha⁻¹ provided the highest yield, thereafter it had declined. Foliar spray of plant growth mineral (PGM) brought about significant improvement in seed cotton yield by 14.1% over control. The water productivity ranged from 0.331 to 0.491 kg m⁻³ at different irrigation and N levels. On pooled basis, crop yield response factor of 0.87 was calculated at 20% irrigation deficit.