施肥对老芒麦种子活力--耐贮性的影响

在老芒麦种子生产田进行N、P、K肥单施、混施和喷施微量元素后，对其生产当年和贮藏三年后的种子萌发特性进行比较以及田间萌发试验的比较。结果表明：施N、P、K肥对收获当年和贮藏三年后的种子萌发力无显著影响；喷施微量元素对贮藏三年后的种子的萌发力有一定作用，提高了老芒麦种子的耐贮性，其中Mo对种子耐贮性有显著影响。     

穴播条件下株行距对紫花苜蓿种子产量和质量的影响

在甘肃省酒泉市研究了穴播条件下不同株、行距处理对紫花苜蓿种子生产性能的影响，结果表明：在产种第一年（2004年）行距和株距对种子产量和产量构成因素均产生了显著的影响（P〈0．05），随着行距从60cm递增至100cm，种子产量也随之从1240kg／hm^2下降到982kg／hm^2，而各株距处理的种子产量则从15cm的1426kg／hm^2依次递减至60cm的807kg／hm^2；行距60cm和株距15cm组合的产量最高，为1833kg／hm^2，100cm行距和株距60cm组合的产量最低，为753kg／hm^2。株行距的增加显著降低了枝条密度，但结荚花序数／枝条和荚果数／结荚花序却显著提高。品种间种子产量的差异不显著。品种间的结荚花序数／枝条、种子重量、正常种苗率、发芽势和硬实率存在显著的差异（P〈0．05）。     

复方新诺明对甜瓜种子萌发及活力的影响

以甜瓜种子为试材，通过SMZ-TMP预处理，研究了SMZ-TMP对甜瓜种子萌发质量及相关生理特性的作用。结果表明：较低浓度预处理明显促进了甜瓜种子萌发和生长，其萌发指数、发芽势、发芽率、根冠比和生物学产量等指标呈显著增长趋势，其中以0．4mg／L处理的效果极为显著。不同浓度的SMZ-TMP溶液均可降低甜瓜的相对电导率和MDA含量，但相对电导率和MDA含量的下降幅度随SMZ-TMP浓度的增加而减少。SMZ-TMP浸种使甜瓜萌芽的蛋白质和氨基酸总量都有显著提高。     

加工番茄种子发芽及苗期耐冷性差异研究

通过低温下种子发芽鉴定和苗期低温处理后生理生化指标的测定等方法,研究了9个加工番茄品种种子萌发期和幼苗期的耐冷反应。结果表明,供试材料对低温反应存在差异;种子萌发期耐冷性鉴定温度为15、20℃;低温下植株电解质渗透率、叶片细胞内可溶性糖含量均有上升;根据各品种种子发芽率、幼苗冷害指数、植株电解质渗透率、叶片可溶性糖含量综合评定,UC-82、里格尔、石番18号、红霸这4个品种抗冷性较好。     

西瓜播种前种子处理概述

西瓜是栽培面积较大的作物之一。西瓜种子处理对其幼苗的活力、发芽率以及西瓜生产均有很大的影响。文章概述了西瓜种子播种前的处理方法及其作用,对今后西瓜播种前种子处理的发展趋势进行了展望。     

施肥对草原3号杂花苜蓿种子产量的影响

采用“3414”二次回归设计，研究了N、P、K肥配施对草原3号杂花苜蓿种子产量的影响。结果表明，磷肥的增产作用最大，其次为钾肥，氮肥的影响最小；最高产量预期值达到578．55kg／hm^2的最佳施肥方案：氮肥81．0-114．75kg／hm^2，磷肥218．75-262．0kg／hm^2，钾肥96．0-138．0kg／hm^2，氮、磷、钾比例为N：P2O5：K2O=1：1．76，2．08：1．17-1．33.     

Integrated disease management of ascochyta blight in pulse crops

Ascochyta blight causes significant yield loss in pulse crops worldwide. Integrated disease management is essential to take advantage of cultivars with partial resistance to this disease. The most effective practices, established by decades of research, use a combination of disease-free seed, destruction or avoidance of inoculum sources, manipulation of sowing dates, seed and foliar fungicides, and cultivars with improved resistance. An understanding of the pathosystems and the inter-relationship between host, pathogen and the environment is essential to be able to make correct decisions for disease control without compromising the agronomic or economic ideal. For individual pathosystems, some components of the integrated management principles may need to be given greater consideration than others. For instance, destruction of infested residue may be incompatible with no or minimum tillage practices, or rotation intervals may need to be extended in environments that slow the speed of residue decomposition. For ascochyta-susceptible chickpeas the use of disease-free seed, or seed treatments, is crucial as seed-borne infection is highly effective as primary inoculum and epidemics develop rapidly from foci in favourable conditions. Implemented fungicide strategies differ according to cultivar resistance and the control efficacy of fungicides, and the effectiveness of genetic resistance varies according to seasonal conditions. Studies are being undertaken to develop advanced decision support tools to assist growers in making more informed decisions regarding fungicide and agronomic practices for disease control.     

小麦叶疫病检疫研究

介绍了１９９２￣１９９５年间小麦叶疫病检疫研究的主要结果。研究证实我国局部地区已有叶疫病发生,分离得到了１１个小麦链格孢菌株,并研究了其生物学特性,确定了小麦链格孢的鉴定条件和鉴别标准,发现分生孢子链长度和分枝状况是区分类似种类的主要特征。提出了病株诊断方法和种子带菌的快速检验方法,后者包括吸水纸培养检验法和ＧＬＵＺＡ鉴别性培养基培养检验法,根据研究结果和国外发病动态,提出了有关检疫对策的建议。     

新麦草种子成熟过程中活力变化的研究

１９９７年对新麦草种子成熟过程中活力变化进行了研究。研究结果表明：新麦草种子活力随着种子的成熟而逐渐增加并于种子获得最大干重时，活力达到最高。试验所选的指标均反映了新麦草种子活力变化状况，种子发芽率不能直接反映种子活力的变化，但它仍是检验种子活力不可缺少的指标。单项活力指标不能全面反映活力的变化，需采用多种指标，进行综合分析。     

Effects of Paclobutrazol on Dry Matter Distribution and Yield in Peanut

Abstract

Paclobutrazol (PB), an inhibitor of endogenous gibberellin synthesis, was applied to peanut plants altered dry-matter distribution and increased seed yield. PB solution at a concentration of 100, 200 or 400 ppm was sprayed on foliage at the beginning of the pod formation stage (BPFS), the early pod filling stage (EPFS) and the middle pod filling stage (MPFS) .The height of the plants treated with PB at BPFS and EPFS was shorter than that of the control plants by more than 10 and 5 cm, respectively. The pod number of the plants treated with 100 or 200 ppm PB at any developmental stage was higher than that of the plants treated with 0 or 400 ppm PB. The seed yield was increased by PB applied at any stage, and the yield after the treatment with 100 or 200 ppm PB at BPFS or EPFS was approximately 370 gm~².