Variation in seed proteins from mutagen-treated cultivars and selected lines of Vigna unguiculata L. Walp

The storage protein profiles of the seeds of two IITA cowpea cultivars (‘IT84E–124’ and ‘Vita 7’) exposed to three mutagens—sodium azide (NaN₃), ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) and ⁶⁰Co gamma rays—and those of 18 selected M₃ lines were investigated by sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The total seed protein, globulin and albumin fractions showed differences in number and intensity of subunit bands, but the least differences were found in the albumin fraction. Both high and low molecular weight bands were observed, the highest being 94.5 kDa and the lowest 12.0 kDa.‘Vita T showed less variability compared with ‘IT84E–124’, as indicated by the relative similarity indices (S.I.) of the two cultivars. The lowest S.I. of 0.200 was found among ‘IT84E–124’ lines while the lowest S.I. among ‘Vita T lines was 0.4706. A number of lines with particular traits were found to be characterized by the presence of specific polypeptide bands. This study demonstrates that induced mutation could create additional variability to supplement existing germplasm and that SDS-PAGE is a useful tool for discriminating and estimating genetic similarities among selections.     

不同方法提取青藏高原蕨麻总DNA的比较研究

以改良CTAB法、改良SDS法、试剂盒法提取青藏高原蕨麻总DNA;用紫外分光光度法测定提取的青藏高原蕨麻的总DNA浓度和质量;用琼脂糖凝胶电泳法、分光光度法测定提取的青藏高原蕨麻的总DNA质量,以期筛选出青藏高原蕨麻总DNA提取的最佳方法。结果表明:用改良SDS法提取的蛋白质含量最高,OD260/OD2801.61左右,用改良CTAB法提取的DNA的OD260/OD2801.76左右;用试剂盒法提取的DNA的OD260/OD2801.70左右;用改良CTAB法提取DNA的浓度在100μg/mL。     

肉鸡和蛋鸡心肌易颤性的比较研究

以常规饲养的肉鸡和蛋鸡作为试验动物,通过电刺激诱颤阈和输钾诱颤阈的测定以及进行冷加压试验,对同体重肉鸡和蛋鸡的心肌易颤性进行了比较研究。结果表明:(1)同体重肉鸡和蛋鸡相比,电刺激诱颤阈和输钾诱颤阈肉鸡均极显著低于蛋鸡(P<0.01);(2)在电刺激诱发室颤的过程中,开胸时室颤的发生率肉鸡(14%)显著高于蛋鸡(0%)(P<0.05);(3)冷加压试验:冷加压5min内,心率和PT波宽出现了显著的变化,而且变化幅度肉鸡均明显大于蛋鸡。上述试验结果从不同方面均表明肉鸡心肌易颤性高于蛋鸡。     

滇东南喀斯特石漠化地区粮食增产的主导因素分析——以西畴县为例

根据西畴县近17年（1990 ~ 2006年）的耕地资源和社会经济统计数据,运用多元统计分析中的主成分分析方法来分析西畴石漠化地区影响粮食增产的主导因素。结果表明,耕地质量对粮食增产的贡献率是69.85%,经济投入水平对粮食增产的贡献率是20.29%,说明耕地质量因素是西畴石漠化地区粮食增产的主导因素,而耕地质量的提高则主要得益于西畴土地整理模式的实施。在西畴石漠化地区后备耕地资源极为缺乏,以及因为经济建设发展需要耕地减少难以避免的情况下,只有坚定不移地推进土地整理,切实加强土壤改良和农田基础设施建设,从根本上改良耕地和提高耕地质量,才能提高耕地产出水平,进而提高粮食产量。     

表面活性剂与纳米SiO2作用下聚合铝的絮凝特性

在6NTU高岭土原水中,溶入低浓度溶解性有机物-阴离子表面活性剂(十二烷基硫酸钠,SDS),投加聚合铝PAC与新型水处理剂-纳米SiO2稳定分散液进行动态混凝实验与静止沉降实验.借助图像分析技术与分形理论,对SDS与纳米SiO2作用下PAC的絮凝特性与絮体分形结构的形态学特征进行研究.结果表明:存在SDS时,高岭土颗粒表面ζ电位增加.SDS在颗粒表面的吸附等温曲线符合Langmiur方程;PAC对无机颗粒的去除效果明显,但对SDS的表观去除率较低.SDS阻碍絮凝初絮体的形成.纳米SiO2使颗粒表面ζ电位增加,对无机颗粒处理效果较差,但对去除有机物有利.絮凝机理主要是吸附架桥;助凝剂纳米SiO2能促进PAC对无机颗粒与SDS絮凝,处理效果显著.悬浊液中絮体粒径大,有效质量密度增加,沉速加快,分维值下降.     

几种内生真菌DNA提取方法的比较

通过三种内生真菌DNA提取方法的比较,即CTAB法、SDS法、改良的CTAB法,结果表明三种方法都能得到目的DNA,而且得率都不错,但改良的CTAB法效果最好,DNA纯度高且质量也好。用改良的CTAB法所提取的DNA作为模板,进行PCR扩增,得到了清晰的单一的扩增普带,完全可用于酶切、测序等后续实验。     

废水中十二烷基苯磺酸钠的分析与检测

目的：建立一种简便、快速的测定废水中十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDS）的紫外可见分光光度检测法。方法：利用3种显色剂对SDS进行UV-vis测定,外标法定量。结果：SDS在6～14mg/L范围内线性关系良好。对2种废水进行的加标回收实验的回收率分别为96.7%和97.2%,相对标准偏差分别为5.2%和2.9%。结论：该方法操作简便,能够满足生活废水中SDS含量的测定要求。     

Comparison of predictions of baking volume using large deformation rheological properties

Three large deformation rheological tests, the Kieffer dough extensibility system, the D/R dough inflation system and the 2 g mixograph test, were carried out on doughs made from a large number of winter wheat lines and cultivars grown in Poland. These lines and cultivars represented a broad spread in baking performance in order to assess their suitability as predictors of baking volume. The parameters most closely associated with baking volume were strain hardening index, bubble failure strain, and mixograph bandwidth at 10 min. Simple correlations with baking volume indicate that bubble failure strain and strain hardening index give the highest correlations, whilst the use of best subsets regression, which selects the best combination of parameters, gave increased correlations with R²=0.865 for dough inflation parameters, R²=0.842 for Kieffer parameters and R²=0.760 for mixograph parameters.     

提取大白菜基因组DNA的几种方法比较

对用 SDS法、尿素法、改良 SDS法、氯化苄和 CTAB法提取的大白菜基因组DNA进行了比较。结果表明 ,改良 SDS法提取的 DNA具有典型的天然 DNA分子的标准紫外吸收光谱特点 ,其 A2 6 0 /A2 80 为 1 .7～ 1 .9,A2 6 0 /A2 30 为 1 .8～ 2 .0 ,叶片的 DNA产量为 40 0μg/g。用该法提取的大白菜 DNA适于进行 RAPD分析。     

瘤胃微生物总DNA快速提取法研究

本文介绍了一种简便快速地提取瘤胃微生物细胞总DNA的方法,该法是对提取植物的CTAB法进行改进而成。与经典反复冻融 SDS/蛋白酶K裂解法相比,该法可在数小时内高效地提取瘤胃内容物总DNA,经琼脂糖凝胶电泳对所提取瘤胃微生物总DNA进行检测,证明所获得的瘤胃总DNA符合分子生物学操作要求。