Characterization of Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Bowel of Cattle (Bos taurus)

Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) have been described in the gastrointestinal tract of different mammals including humans, horses, pigs, rats, dogs, mice and guinea-pigs. In the present study, ICC were identified in the jejunum of Bos taurus using polyclonal anti-c-Kit antibodies in immunohistochemical assays. Vimentin and desmin intermediate filaments were also determined using monoclonal antibodies. ICC were found in the tunica muscularis either in a palisade distribution pattern between the outer longitudinal and the inner circular layers (ICC-MP) or freely distributed in clusters in the longitudinal layer (ICC-LM). Morphometric studies determined that ICC have a fusiform shape presenting cytoplasmic prolongations. ICC were positive to c-Kit and vimentin antigens but negative to desmin. We have observed and described for the first time the presence of ICC in a ruminant. As observed in the aforementioned mammals, bovine ICC were associated with the myenteric plexus. Nevertheless, the presence of widespread ICC in the longitudinal muscular layer of the jejunum differs from previously described studies of other mammals.     

高校勤工助学应从体力型转向智力型

在国家建立的资助经济困难学生的奖、贷、助、补、减政策体系中，勤工助学具有独特的地位和作用。随着社会的发展，体力型勤工助学已经越来越不能满足贫困学生的需要。要想完全发挥勤工助学的作用，必须将勤工助学从体力型转向智力型。     

论股权分置改革中的分类表决制度

分类表决制度是我国证券市场的一大制度革新。随着我国股权分置改革的全面推进，分类表决制度也发挥着越来越重要的作用，它赋予流通股股东更多自我保护的权益，对股权分置改革起到有力的推动作用；同时，它也存在着不容忽视的局限性。文中通过具体分析，提出一些建议以供参考。     

建立青藏高原草地乳用牦牛生态系统的思路

牦牛是青藏高原的特有家畜之一,不同的草地类型形成了不同的生活生态型,并针对牦牛乳的品质和开发潜力,提出了用黑白花奶牛冻精与母牦牛杂交提高牦牛的产乳性能,特别是采用野牦牛冻精改良母牦牛生产性能的途径.草地乳用牦牛生态系统的建立,一是要遵循牦牛逐水草而牧季节转场的习性;二是为牦牛过冬贮备充足的饲草料;三是建棚圈、实现冷季家畜的舍饲和持续增膘;四是把野牦牛的保护纳入家牦牛生产的范围,使这一系统更富有自然和谐和可持续发展的活力.     

出口兔肉备案养殖场追溯体系的建立

从保证动物源性食品安全的角度论述了建立养殖场追溯体系的必要性,以出口兔肉备案养殖场为例,对建立追溯体系的步骤进行了四个方面的探讨。养殖场在设施合理、制度健全的前提下,确定追溯信息的深度、广度和精确度,并作好信息衔接和代码标识,才可使追溯体系有效实施。同时对追溯体系的应用和发展趋势做了基本论述。     

鸡血型系统对马立克氏病肿瘤形成的影响

采用 Ａ、 Ｂ、 Ｃ、 Ｄ 血型系统的１０ 种血型因子试剂测定了亚发雏鸡的血型, 并对马立克氏病肿瘤病变与各血型因子的关系进行了研究。结果表明, 在１４ 日龄感染雏鸡的３０ ～６０ 天内, Ｍ Ｄ Ｖ 对各个器官肿瘤病变形成上, 不同的血型系统因子对其影响有很大的差异, 其中带有 Ａ３０８ 、 Ｂ６９１ 因子的雏鸡对 Ｍ Ｄ Ｖ 较易感, 而带有 Ｂ３６５ 因子的雏鸡抗性较强。同样实验还表明, 采用鸡的（ Ｍ Ｈ Ｃ） Ｂ Ｆ Ｉ Ｖ 血型分型试剂与 Ａ、 Ｂ、 Ｃ、 Ｄ 血型试剂检测人工感染 Ｍ Ｄ Ｖ６０ 天后存活鸡表明： Ｂ３６５ 与 Ｂ２１ 均１００ ％ 存在于这些鸡中, 说明二者抗 Ｍ Ｄ 能力有一定的相似性; 说明 Ａ、 Ｂ、 Ｃ、 Ｄ 血型因子可做为选择标记用于抗 Ｍ Ｄ 选育。     

Effects of dobutamine on cardiovascular function and oxygen delivery in standing horses

Dobutamine is routinely used to improve cardiovascular function in anaesthetized horses. However, dobutamine in conscious horses is insufficiently investigated. Ten research horses that were already instrumented for a preceding trial were included into the study. Cardiovascular variables were recorded and blood samples taken after instrumentation (Baseline), before starting dobutamine and after 10 min of dobutamine infusion (2 µg kg⁻¹ min⁻¹). A significant increase in systemic blood pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure and right atrial pressure, and a decrease in heart rate were observed with dobutamine compared with baseline measurements. Arterial and mixed venous haemoglobin and oxygen content, as well as mixed venous partial pressure of oxygen increased. No significant changes in cardiac output, stroke volume, systemic vascular resistance, arterial partial pressure of oxygen, or oxygen consumption, delivery and extraction ratio were detected. Concluding, dobutamine increased systemic blood pressure without detectable changes in stroke volume, cardiac output or systemic vascular resistance in conscious horses.     

草坪业从业人员资质考试制度的构想

通过分析我国草坪业在草坪的建植与养护方面存在的一系列问题,并指出产生这些问题的原因在于没有相应的法规和制度保证从业人员的理论和技术素质、草坪界落后的再教育无法保证工程技术人员,知识和技术的更新以及草坪业强烈的商业化色彩影响了草坪学术界的健康发展,从而无法保证草坪建植技术水平的提高;提出了在我国加入WTO(世界贸易组织)后应顺应各个行业持证上岗的潮流设立草坪业从业人员资质考试认证制度以应对草坪业日趋激烈的市场竞争,并对这一制度进行了技术可行性分析。     

Evaluation of a canine cranial cruciate ligament repair system for use in equine laryngoplasty

OBJECTIVE: To report the use of a nylon suture system (Canine Cranial Cruciate Ligament Repair System; Securos Inc Veterinary Orthopedics) as a prosthesis for equine laryngoplasty. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental and prospective clinical study. ANIMALS: Cadaver specimens (n = 5) and 7 horses with left laryngeal hemiplegia. METHODS: A commercially available monofilament nylon suture system was implanted as a laryngeal prosthesis. Arytenoid cartilage abduction was achieved with a tensioning device applied to the suture prosthesis during transnasal endoscopic observation. Suture fixation was achieved with crimping clamps and a crimping device. RESULTS: The nylon suture system was suitable as a laryngeal prosthesis for arytenoid cartilage abduction. The ratchet mechanism of the tensioning device facilitated abduction of the arytenoid cartilage and suture fixation was achieved by the crimped clamp without any loss of tension. Postoperatively, there was a slight loss of tension in 4 horses and complete loss of tension in 1 horse because of cartilage failure. After convalescence, none of the horses had abnormal respiratory noise, exercise intolerance or cough. CONCLUSIONS: A nylon suture system designed for canine cranial cruciate ligament repair was used successfully as a laryngeal prosthesis and facilitated control of the degree of arytenoid cartilage abduction during laryngoplasty. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: For improved control of the degree of arytenoid cartilage abduction during laryngoplasty, use of a nylon suture system with metal crimps should be considered.     

草地早熟禾愈伤组织遗传转化受体系统的建立

以草地早熟禾成熟胚为外植体，并去除部分胚乳，或用浓盐酸处理，选择NB＋2，4-D2mg／L为诱导培养基，NB＋6-BA2mg／L为分化培养基，1／2NB＋IAA0．5mg／L＋NAA0．5mg／L为生根培养基，建立了这些品种的胚性愈伤组织高频诱导与再生系统，确定了G418（40-50mg／L）Hpt（50mg／L）的筛选临界浓度，确定了最佳分化时间，探讨了建立草地早熟禾转化受体系统的必要条件。