油茶愈伤组织和芽诱导培养条件的筛选

为了筛选出较为适宜的油茶愈伤组织和芽诱导的培养条件,以优良无性系岑软2号和岑软3号鲜嫩带芽的茎段为试验材料,初步研究了不同外植体消毒方式、培养基蔗糖和琼脂含量、试验用水、培养基类型、采样时间及是否光照培养等不同的培养条件对油茶愈伤组织和芽的诱导的影响。研究结果表明:7月份所采外植体的愈伤组织和芽的诱导率高于其它月份;以MS为基本培养基、采用蒸馏水配制培养基、蔗糖质量浓度为30g/L、琼脂质量分数0.51%为最佳油茶愈伤组织和芽诱导培养基;以0.1%HgCl2对外植体处理6min的消毒效果最好;接种后直接进行光照培养效果较好。     

蒙古栎天然次生林改培大径级材技术研究

在吉林蛟河地区开展蒙古栎天然次生林改培育大径级材林试验,结果表明:松江林场的天然次生蒙古栎林改培效果最为明显,其每年胸径增长量为0.44cm,平均增长率为5.59%,材积每年平均增长率为6.73%;不同立地条件及不同间伐强度对培育大径级材林影响差异显著,最佳间伐强度为28%,最佳立地条件为西南坡或南坡,胸径生长量最佳的为坡下,坡度为4°的长势良好,郁闭度为0.9的改培育效果最好。     

关中西部农业产业化的现状与对策

大力推进农业结构不断优化升级,实现产业化经营,是提高中国农业的整体素质、综合效益和国际竞争力的有效途径。在分析关中西部资源、产业现状、制约因素的同时,提出了促进关中西部农业产业化发展的对策和建议。     

Optimality Conditions for Nonsmooth Extremum Problems in Topological Vector Spaces

Some new concepts of coneD_s convexity,coneD-s quasiconvexity,cone D-s pseudoconvexity,s right derivative of vector value mapping are proposed;and their related properties are discussed;the optimality necessary conditions and sufficient conditions for constrained extremum problem(VP)involving in cone D-s convex mapping are extablished;the relation between local optimal solution and global optimal solution;as well as the relation between weakly efficient solution and efficient solution for (VP) are derived;the corresponding results generalize the related results of classic convex programming.     

Carbon Isotope Discrimination, Leaf Ash Content and Grain Yield in Bread and Durum Wheat Grown under Full-Irrigated Conditions

Integrative physiological criteria, such as carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) and (mineral) ash content (m_a) have been found to be very useful, under drought conditions, to elucidate the association between yield gains and variation of photosynthesis‐related traits and orientate future breeding efforts. Information on this association is scarce under irrigated conditions. The relationships between Δ, m_a and yield were studied in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) under optimal (drip) irrigation in the arid conditions of north‐west Mexico. Carbon isotope discrimination was analysed on leaves at booting stage and anthesis and on grain at maturity, whereas ash content was measured on the flag leaf at anthesis and maturity. At anthesis, there were differences between bread and durum wheat during grain filling for Δ, but not for m_a. No relationship was found between grain yield and Δ. Leaf ash content at anthesis and maturity showed a broad variability within each species and were associated with grain yield. These results suggest that ash content in leaves could be also used as predictive criteria for yield not only under drought, but also under irrigated conditions, particularly when evaporative demand is high.     

4种环境因子对少花蒺藜草(Cenchrus pauciflorus Benth.)种子萌发的影响

本试验以少花蒺藜草种子为研究材料,通过设定不同的温度、土壤湿度、土壤基质和光照等条件研究环境因子对少花蒺藜草种子萌发的影响.结果表明:少花蒺藜草种子萌发最适温度为25℃,萌发最低温度为20℃,萌发最高温度为30℃;光照对少花蒺藜草种子萌发有一定影响,光照促进种子萌发;土壤湿度对其萌发有影响,最适萌发湿度为20%,最低萌发湿度为6%;少花蒺藜草种子萌发对土壤基质要求不严格,于沙土及草炭土中均可萌发.     

衢州柑橘潜叶蛾始见期的天气气候背景分析及其预测

分析柑橘潜叶蛾（Phyllocnistis citrella）始见期与天气气候背景的关系,并利用气象要素实况对其进行提前预测,以减轻潜叶蛾对柑橘的危害。应用1998-2009年NCEP/NCAR、气象信息综合分析处理系统MICAPS历史资料,对衢州柑橘潜叶蛾始见期进行大气环流、地面天气系统、低空急流等天气气候背景分析。结果表明：潜叶蛾早期（5-6月）和晚期（7-9月）迁移入侵,在4月份平均大气环流和平均温度场方面有明显的不同;潜叶蛾早期发生年初见日前,衢州连续受地面低压的影响;晚期发生年初见日与在浙江和闽北登陆台风有直接关系;在中国华南地区有西南或东部沿海有偏东急流出现,且维持2天以上。早期始见与前期积温、降水量、水汽压、相对湿度均呈正相关;利用气象要素实况建立潜叶蛾早期发生月预测模型和初见日5天滚动预报指标。     

驻马店冬小麦主要气候生态特征与高产关键性栽培技术研究

驻马店是河南省重要的小麦产区之一,常年种植面积在66.67万hm2左右,占全市粮食总面积112万hm2的59.5%,小麦总产量稳定在40亿kg以上,占河南省的1/8左右。驻马店的小麦生产在保障河南省乃至全国粮食安全中占据着举足轻重的位置。驻马店所处的地理位置特殊,其气候生态条件和豫北高产地区有明显差异,形成小麦产量三因素中的穗粒数与千粒重明显偏低,限制了小麦单产的提高,夺取高产难度明显较大。2004年以来,小麦公顷产量由5670 kg提高到目前的6850.5 kg,增长幅度较大,但是年度间存在着产量水平忽高忽低的不稳定性和不平衡性,迫切需要研究出一套适合驻马店小麦生态条件下的高产栽培技术体系,为驻马店小麦高产、稳产和粮食核心区建设提供技术支撑。     

浅析贵州茶叶加工业与国内外比较的现状及发展对策建议

浅析了贵州茶叶加工业与国内外比较的现状、存在问题、茶叶产业发展优势和加工生产潜力，提出了贵州茶叶加工业发展的对策建议和主要措施，通过确立发展目标和规划，建立优势区域原料生产基地和地方特色茶产业，以达到加快发展贵州茶叶加工业的目的。     

低温脂肪酶产生菌的筛选及发酵条件研究

通过使用RodamineB平板筛选法,从新疆具有典型低温环境地区的近200份土样中筛选分离到11株产低温脂肪酶的菌株。其中1株酶活较高的菌株L22,根据形态观察初步断定为假丝酵母,该酶的最适反应温度为30℃,属低温脂肪酶。摇瓶发酵确定该菌株产脂肪酶的最适发酵培养条件为:葡萄糖0.5%,豆饼粉2%,玉米浆2%,KB2BHPOB4B0.5%,NaNOB3B0.5%,橄榄油0.25%,初始pH值为7,发酵温度为20℃,摇床培养48h,酶活最高可达7.17U/mL,添加适量的油脂对产脂肪酶有诱导作用。