应用哨兵2A多时相遥感影像对树种的识别

森林树种类别的准确识别和专题图制作对于森林经营管理具有重要作用。以哨兵2A多时相遥感影像数据源,通过对单时相影像以及根据基尼系数(Gini系数)和信息熵进行的不同影像组合,利用随机森林算法对大孤家林场的树种类别进行识别和分类制图。结果表明:哨兵2A多时相影像组合能够显著改善树种分类的精度,多时相影像组合总体分度最高为87.45%,Kappa系数为0.825,比单时相遥感影像分类总体精度提升了4%~7%。     

罗非鱼耐盐数量性状位点(QTL)定位研究

采用190个微卫星分子标记对罗非鱼282个全同胞个体进行数量性状位点(QTL)定位,获得15个罗非鱼耐盐QTL,其中st-c、mst-a可分别解释19.2%的两性耐盐差异和19.1%的雄性耐盐差异,XY性别决定位点、钠钾氯协同转运蛋白2(NKCC2)基因分别定位于st-c、mst-a的峰值处。研究结果表明,罗非鱼海水养殖中采用全雄群体可能具有一定的耐盐优势,NKCC2基因可作为重要的候选基因用于耐盐罗非鱼选育。     

Effects of DHRS3 in C2C12 Myoblast Differentiation and Mouse Skeletal Muscle Injury

Myoblast differentiation is an essential process during skeletal muscle development. C2 C12 myoblast is a commonly used experimental model to study muscle cell differentiation in vitro. Dehydrogenase/reductase(SDR family) member 3(DHRS3) is a highly conserved member in short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily and has been shown to be involved in the metabolism of retinol. Previous experimental results showed that the expression of DHRS3 increased significantly during the differentiation of myoblasts differentiation. However, the effect of DHRS3 on mouse muscle cell differentiation was unclear. The objective of current study was to determine if DHRS3 affected muscle cell differentiation, and if DHRS3 was involved in muscle regeneration. Protein expression was determined by western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. The activation and inhibition of DHRS3 increased and decreased C2 C12 myoblast differentiation respectively, which indicated that DHRS3 could affect C2 C12 myoblast differentiation. DHRS3 expression was significantly changed during muscle regeneration, with the regeneration of muscle injury, the expression of DHRS3 tended to increase first and then decrease. It suggested that DHRS3 might be involved in muscle regeneration. In summary, this study confirmed the involvement of DHRS3 in C2 C12 myoblast differentiation and mouse skeletal muscle regeneration and provided a theoretical basis for further elucidating the molecular mechanism of muscle development.     

Identification of Co-dominant SSR Markers Associated with Genes Controlling α′-and α-subunit-null β-conglycinin Phenotypes in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

Studies have shown that the three subunits of β-conglycinin are the main potential allergens of soybean sensitive patients.And β-conglycinin has adverse effects on nutrition and food processing.So solation and production of lines with lower β-conglycinin content has been the focus of recent soybean breeding projects.Soybean lines with deficiency in one or all subunits of β-conglycinin have been obtained.An effective and rapid system to identify such mutations will facilitate genetic manipulation of the β-conglycinin subunit composition.Here,two segregating F_2 populations were developed from crosses between Cgy-1/cgy-1 (CC),an α′-lacking line (Δα′),and DongNong 47 (DN47),a wild-type (Wt) Chinese soybean cultivar with normal globulin components,and Cgy-2/cgy-2 (CB),an α-lacking line (Δα),and DN47.These populations were used to estimate linkage among the cgy-1 (conferring α′-null) and cgy-2 (α-null) loci and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers.Seven SSR markers (Sat_038,Satt243,Sat_307,Sat_109,Sat_231,Sat_108 and Sat_190) were determined to co-segregate with cgy-1,and six SSR markers (Satt650,Satt671,Sat_418,Sat_170,Satt292 and Sat_324) co-segregated with cgy-2.Linkage maps being composed of seven SSR markers and cgy-1 locus,and six SSR markers and the cgy-2 locus were then constructed.It assigned that the cgy-1 gene to chromosome 10 at a position between Sat_307 and Sat_231,and the cgy-2 gene to chromosome 20 at a position between Satt650 and Satt671.These markers should enable map-based cloning of the cgy-1 and cgy-2 genes.For different subunit-deficiency types[α′-null,α-null and (α′+α)-null types],the two sets of SSR markers could also detect of polymorphism between three normal cultivars and seven related mutant lines.The identification of these markers is great significance to the molecular marker-assisted breeding of soybean β-conglycinin subunits.     

天然膨润土吸附Cu2+的动力学、等温线及热力学研究

文章讨论了不同影响因素如接触时间、振荡速度、膨润土用量、初始离子浓度、初始pH、温度等对膨润土吸附性能的影响,研究了Cu2+在天然膨润土上吸附的动力学、等温线和热力学理论。动力学研究数据表明,吸附满足准二级动力学模型,吸附初始阶段受界面扩散控制,45 min后受粒子内扩散控制;吸附满足Freundlich等温线模型;吸附是一个自发的、吸热的过程,而且反应不可逆。     

强化木地板耐磨性能及国产化耐磨纸的研究

对强化木地板的耐磨性能和国产化耐磨纸进行了研究,重点考察耐磨纸的生产方式和热压工艺过程对产品耐磨转数和磨耗量的影响。结果表明Al2O3添加量和添加方式对产品的耐磨性能有很大影响,新研制的B型耐磨纸和进口耐磨纸有相似的磨损曲线,其耐磨转数与Al2O3添加量之间呈线性正相关,耐磨转数的增加主要表现在延长第二磨损区域,即提高初始磨损的IP值。热压工艺过程与产品的耐磨性能之间无明确关系。     

OsI2基因的克隆及其植物表达载体的构建

在旱稻IRAT109干旱胁迫下cDNA芯片分析结果的基础上,通过RT-PCR,5'-RACE及3'-RACE方法,从IRAT109总RNA中扩增得到了干旱胁迫下芯片表达谱中上升表达强度第二的基因全长序列,命名为OsI2,全长有523 bp,并对基因序列结构进行了分析.该基因与全长cDNA文库中的CT836140.1有99%同源.OsI2基因编码产物对应1个包含57个氨基酸的开放阅读框(ORF),为一功能未知蛋白.其编码产物也可能对应两个中间相隔19 bp的较小ORFs(43个氨基酸和42个氨基酸),都是功能未知的蛋白.在pBI121载体的基础上,将OsI2基因与CaMV35S连接成功构建了pBl121-OsI2植物表达载体,为进一步研究其功能创造了条件.     

基于TDLAS的储粮二氧化碳激光检测系统研制

储粮过程由微生物及害虫等组成的生物场与温度和湿度等构成的非生物场所造成的影响会降低粮食品质,影响粮食安全。储粮中二氧化碳浓度反应粮库生物场状况,是储粮生物场监测的重要指标。为实现储粮二氧化碳浓度高精度检测,该研究基于可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱(Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy,TDLAS)技术高灵敏度和快速响应的特点研制了一套储粮二氧化碳浓度现场检测系统,并建立了二氧化碳激光光谱分析与数据处理方法。基于便携式要求,系统采用紧凑型设计,集二氧化碳浓度、温度及湿度检测功能于一体,同时实现弱信号调理、二氧化碳浓度计算及生成多参数云图、水势图显示等功能。整机尺寸338 mm×251 mm×88 mm,室温条件下功耗小于1.3 W。试验结果显示：该检测系统能够长时间稳定工作,人机交互功能鲁棒性较好,对储粮二氧化碳浓度检测的响应时间小于20 s,线性误差小于1.2%,检测重复性为0.4%,检测精度为10mg/m³,检测范围为0～20 000 mg/m³,温度的检测范围为-40～120℃,湿度检测范围为0...     

盐碱地高盐废水电解脱氯同步制氢特性

就近利用风光能电解盐碱地治理过程中产生的高盐废水,是同步实现风光消纳、废水处理和H₂/Cl₂生产的有效途径。然而,盐碱地治理废水盐浓度较低且盐离子种类众多,直接电解严重影响脱氯制氢效率。该研究通过开展盐碱地治理废水的电解试验,讨论了盐浓度及不同除杂工艺对废水脱氯制氢特性的影响规律。结果表明,不同盐浓度废水电解的H₂/Cl₂产率与电流密度呈线性关系,且产H₂速率稍大于产Cl₂速率。电流密度和pH值均随盐浓度升高先增大后减小,废水中盐浓度为3.5 mol/L时,电解后最终电流密度和阴极的pH值均最大,电解效果最优。添加Ca(OH)₂对废水进行电解前除杂,可将浓缩废水中Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺和SO₄^2-浓度分别降低至0.02、0.1和0.2 mol/L。电解过程中通入CO₂能够进一步降低杂质离子对废水电解的不利影响,使电解脱氯制氢性能相...     

Rare β-Resorcylic Acid Derivatives from a Halophyte-Associated Fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides JS0419 and Their Antifungal Activities

Six new β-resorcylic acid derivatives (1–5 and 7) were isolated from a halophyte-associated fungus, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides JS0419, together with four previously reported β-resorcylic acid lactones (RALs). The relative and absolute stereochemistry of 1 was completely established by a combination of spectroscopic data and chemical reactions. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by analysis of HRMS and NMR data. Notably, compounds 1–3 had a β-resorcylic acid harboring a long unesterified aliphatic side chain, whereas the long aliphatic chains were esterified to form macrolactones in 4–9. Among the isolated compounds, monocillin I and radicicol showed potent antifungal activities against Cryptococcus neoformans, comparable to clinically available antifungal agents and radicicol showed weak antifungal activity against Candida albicans. These findings provide insight into the chemical diversity of fungal RAL-type compounds and their pharmacological potential.