PEG/Activated Carbon Phase Change Materials of Modified Asphalt

Phase change material modified asphalt is prepared by using PEG/activated carbon composite solid-solid phase change materials for asphalt modification. Phase change materials modified asphalt with different ratios are aged and treaded alterably at high or low temperature, and then its appearance is observed. The properties of the modified asphalt, such as ductility, softening point, etc., are tested by using electronic tensile testing machine and thermal mechanical analyzer. Experiments show that when the content of PEG/activated carbon phase change material is 20%, the ductility of modified asphalt is the best; when the content of phase change material is 15% to 20%, the softening point of modified asphalt is obviously improved.     

甜菜碱不同预处理时间下小麦幼苗对PEG-6000模拟干旱的响应

以小麦长武134为实验材料,于小麦长至两叶一心期时根施2.0 g/L甜菜碱,研究外源甜菜碱预处理不同时间(48 h,72 h,96 h)后对PEG-6000(-1.0 MPa)胁迫下小麦幼苗水分状况、游离脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量、叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶活性、膜伤害程度的影响。结果表明外施甜菜碱可增强干旱条件下细胞的渗透调节能力,提高抗氧化酶的活性,减缓干旱胁迫诱导的细胞伤害,其中用2.0 g/L的甜菜碱预处理72 h效果相对较好。     

聚乙烯醇对水稻玉米种子萌发代谢作用及生长的影响

聚乙烯醇Ｐｏｌｙｖｉｎｙａｌｃｏｈｏｌ（ＰＶＡ）具有聚乙二醇Ｐｏｌｙｅｔｈｙｌｅｎｅｇｌｙｃｏｌ（ＰＥＧ）相同的作用：预处理水稻玉米种子后可提高种子活力,促进萌发代谢,其脂肪酶、淀粉酶、过氧化氢酶Ｃａｔａｌａｓｅ（ＣＡＴ）活性都有不同程度的提高。其丙二醇Ｍａｌｏｎｄｉａｌｄｉａｌｄｅｄｙｄｅ（ＭＤＡ）则有所下降。     

不同抗旱性柱花草品种在高渗溶液中的萌发特性

利用PEG高渗溶液法研究不同抗旱性柱花草品种的萌发特性。结果表明：除质量浓度为100g/L的PEG对热研2号和热研10号的种子萌发有轻微的促进作用外,其余质量浓度PEG对种子的萌发、胚芽和胚根的生长都有抑制作用。胚根抑制率和根芽比的变化幅度基本反映了柱花草的抗旱性,可作为抗旱性评价的参考指标;质量浓度为250 g/L的PEG处理下的相对根芽比差异非常显著,可作为柱花草抗旱性评价的可靠指标。     

渗透胁迫下紫花苜蓿生长及ABA受体基因的表达

以紫花苜蓿不同品种(‘三得利'‘新牧2'‘赛迪5'‘WL656'‘WL168'‘WL903'‘WL712'‘WL343')为试验材料,研究150g/L PEG-6000胁迫下,幼苗抗旱性与ABA受体基因表达的关系。结果表明,150g/L PEG处理下,不同苜蓿幼苗较对照根系缩短(10.58%~15.88%)、苗长减少(18.06%~23.71%)、鲜干质量比降低(24.51%~37.81%)、相对含水量下降(13.31%~16.71%),差异显著;脯氨酸质量分数均显著升高(21.24%~39.04%),抗旱性强弱为:‘WL168'‘新牧2'‘WL712'‘赛迪5'‘WL343'‘WL656'‘WL903'‘三得利';‘WL168'的ABA受体Medtr1g016480和Medtr5g083270基因的表达量显著升高,二者在根茎叶中的表达量分别为6.10、1.79、3.04和6.51、1.67、1.89,其表达量强弱为:根叶茎。渗透胁迫下,苜蓿ABA受体Medtr1g016480和Medtr5g083270基因的表达量显著升高,对苜蓿生理生化反应及其生长起到一定的调节作用,进而影响苜蓿的抗旱能力。     

干旱锻炼对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗根系抗氧化酶活性的影响

采用PEG预处理对辽星1号水稻幼苗进行干旱锻炼,研究其对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗根系的缓解作用。水稻幼苗培养1周后用10% PEG 6000预处理3 d,然后复水3 d,最后用100 mmol·L-1 NaCl胁迫处理3 d。测定水稻幼苗根系的相对含水量、根系活力、丙二醛含量及抗氧化酶（SOD、POD、CAT、APX）活性。结果表明,PEG预处理的水稻幼苗根系MDA含量显著低于盐胁迫的处理（P<005）,而幼苗根系相对含水量、根系活力以及抗氧化酶活性则均高于盐胁迫处理。说明PEG预处理可以提高水稻幼苗根系的耐盐性,缓解水稻幼苗在盐胁迫下所受的部分伤害。     

PEG渗透胁迫下12个豇豆品种萌芽期抗旱性评价

以20%聚乙二醇(PEG)溶液为渗透介质模拟干旱胁迫条件,研究12个豇豆品种种子萌发特性及抗旱性。结果表明,20%PEG作用下,除鄂豇豆12号发芽势提高3.9%外,其他供试豇豆品种发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数以及活力指数均有不同程度下降,且萌发期豇豆幼苗生长受到抑制。运用隶属函数法综合评价12个豇豆品种种子萌发期抗旱性,各品种豇豆耐旱级别分别为:1级(耐旱型)为天德一号,2级(较耐旱型)为碧园春贵、鄂豇豆12号,3级(中间型)为海亚特、扬研8号、柳风、扬研2号、柳翠,4级(干旱较敏感型)为早翠,5级(干旱敏感型)为美国地豆、紫魁、矮虎。     

Comparison of the distribution of mineral nutrients and active substances in dehydration- and salinity-stressed Aloe vera L.

Changes in growth and distribution of inorganic mineral elements and organic active substances in seedlings of A. vera were examined under treatments of ?0.44 and ?0.88 MPa polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) and corresponding isosmotic sodium chloride (NaCl). All stress treatments inhibited plant growth, with NaCl severely inhibiting the growth of the seedlings than PEG. However, leaf biomass did not change significantly. The nitrogen concentration under PEG was maintained higher than that under NaCl. Salinity caused more severe ionic imbalance than dehydration. However, when the concentration of NaCl was increased, ion homeostasis was maintained. Stressors induced an increase in aloin concentration in leaves, especially in young leaves. Polysaccharide concentrations in leaves did not change under dehydration. However, the polysaccharide concentration decreased in the middle and base leaves under NaCl. A. vera exhibited high adaptability to suitable osmotic stress, which increases its main active ingredients in leaves.     

NaCl和PEG胁迫对金露梅种子萌发及幼苗的影响

为探讨NaCl、PEG处理对金露梅种子萌发和幼苗的影响,分别以0、40、80、120、160、200 mmol·L^-1浓度的NaCl溶液和0、100、125、150 、175、200、225、250、300 g·L^-1浓度的PEG溶液处理金露梅种子。结果表明,高于120 mmol·L^-1 NaCl溶液处理,对金露梅种子的萌发有明显抑制作用;40 mmol·L^-1的NaCl溶液抑制了金露梅幼苗生长。100～175 g·L^-1的PEG溶液处理金露梅种子,能促进种子萌发和幼苗胚根生长,而高于175 g·L^-1的PEG溶液处理,则对金露梅种子的萌发和幼苗生长具有明显的抑制作用。     

河北省不同小麦品种抗旱性研究

通过水培和20%聚乙二醇（PEG-6000）胁迫条件下,比较五个不同小麦品种的发芽率、胚芽鞘长度、胚根数目、主胚根长。结果表明,5个品种间抗旱性存在显著差异,‘麦1’的抗旱性最强,‘麦99’、‘石4185’、‘北农大3383’次之,‘师栾02-1’抗旱性最弱。同时,胚芽鞘长度和种子的相对发芽率可作为小麦萌发期抗旱性鉴定的主要指标,主胚根长和胚根数可作为参考指标来判断品种的抗旱性。