臭氧对鲢鱼鱼丸贮藏过程品质影响的研究

研究了臭氧对鲢鱼鱼丸贮藏过程品质变化规律。结果表明,随着贮藏时间的延长,鱼丸的菌落总数、TVB-N值、TBA值、硬度均呈上升趋势;Ca2+-ATPase活性、总-SH含量和弹性均呈下降趋势。与对照组相比,臭氧能有效延长鱼丸的贮藏期。建立的动力学方程可准确预测贮藏期间鱼丸的品质变化。     

臭氧对鲢鱼鱼丸贮藏过程品质影响的研究

研究了臭氧对鲢鱼鱼丸贮藏过程品质变化规律。结果表明,随着贮藏时间的延长,鱼丸的菌落总数、TVB-N值、TBA值、硬度均呈上升趋势;Ca2+-ATPase活性、总-SH含量和弹性均呈下降趋势。与对照组相比,臭氧能有效延长鱼丸的贮藏期。建立的动力学方程可准确预测贮藏期间鱼丸的品质变化。     

作物-害虫-天敌三级营养系统对臭氧增加的响应

综述了臭氧增加对作物-害虫-天敌三级营养系统影响的研究进展,探讨了其未来研究方向,旨在为未来害虫的生物防治提供科学依据和预警。     

大气O3浓度升高对玉米光合作用和籽粒品质的影响

利用开顶式气室研究了大气O3浓度升高对玉米（Zea mays L．）叶片光合作用、籽粒品质以及产量的影响。结果表明,整个生长季内,与对照相比,在高浓度O3（80nmol／mol）条件下,玉米叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率显著下降（P〈0．05）,而胞间CO2浓度先降低后升高并达到极显著水平（P〈0．01）,这说明使光合速率降低的主要因素由气孔限制逐渐转变为非气孔限制。与对照相比,高浓度O3处理植株叶绿素a、叶绿素b及叶绿素（a＋b）含量降低,叶绿素a／b值则先降低后升高。但是随着熏蒸时间的延长,高浓度O3处理植株的叶绿素a、叶绿素（a＋b）含量与叶绿素a／b值变化呈先升高后降低的趋势,与叶绿素b含量变化不同;O3浓度升高在一定程度上使玉米籽粒品质下降,其中蛋白质和淀粉含量降低,而粗脂肪和蛋脂总量略有升高;百粒重、穗粒数和穗粒重均显著低于对照（P〈0．05）,说明O3浓度升高降低了玉米的光合能力,籽粒品质受到影响,抑制了作物生长。     

Isolation of cellulose with ionic liquid from steam exploded rice straw

Isolation of cellulose from straw is a bottleneck for exploiting such biomass resources. In recent years, considerable concerns have arisen over new efficient and environmentally friendly way for this purpose. A novel method for cellulose isolation has been proposed by dissolving steam exploded rice straw in 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid (IL), following regeneration of crude cellulose by diluting the cellulose-ionic liquid solution adequately after separation of insoluble residues. The crude cellulose was then bleached by 2% hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution with low-flux ozone blowing into. No acid-insoluble lignin and only 0.85% hemicelluloses were detected in the bleached cellulose. The isolated cellulose was analyzed by SEM, FT-IR, ¹³C CP/MAS solid state NMR, XRD spectroscopes, and the results indicated that high quality cellulose preparation could be isolated in this manner from rice straw.     

电场强化臭氧传质效果的研究

臭氧由于其强氧化特性,被广泛应用于氧化分解难降解污染物和杀菌消毒中,但在实际应用中臭氧液相传质效率低,制约了臭氧技术的推广应用。笔者提出了利用电场强化臭氧传质的新方法,并进行了试验研究。结果表明,随着脉冲电压的增加,水中臭氧质量浓度相应增大,总传质系数相应升高。当脉冲电压升到2000V时,水中臭氧质量浓度提高了43.1%,总传质系数提高了89.11%。电极距离在1～3cm变化时,随着电极距离的提高,水中臭氧质量浓度相应增大,总传质系数相应升高,3cm时的传质效果最优,1cm时的传质效果最劣。该方法为研究臭氧向水中的传质提供了新的途径。     

外源抗坏血酸对臭氧胁迫下水稻光合及生长参数的影响

为研究臭氧浓度变化对水稻生长的影响及外源抗坏血酸的防护作用,在田间原位条件下,利用开顶式气室(OTCs)研究了外源抗坏血酸对O3胁迫下水稻光合及生长参数的影响.结果表明:在O3胁迫下,叶片的光合色素含量、气体交换参数、净同化率、相对生长速率及粒/叶面积(cm2)均显著下降;喷施外源抗坏血酸后,叶绿素a含量、叶绿素a/叶绿素b以及水稻叶片的光合速率、蒸腾速率显著升高,而叶绿素b含量和气孔导度变化不显著;外源抗坏血酸对O3胁迫下水稻的净同化率、相对生长速率及粒/叶面积(cm2)影响比较显著,特别是粒/叶面积(cm2)的提高有利于水稻源、库协调发展,为提高水稻产量和改进品质奠定了物质基础.     

集装箱内食用动物产品外包装臭氧消毒方法的研究

利用箱外专用臭氧生发器向集装箱内输入臭氧,分别研究输入臭氧后停机密闭时间、输入集装箱内的臭氧量、集装箱内空气相对湿度、低温等单因素,对集装箱内装载的进境食用动物产品外包装的臭氧消毒效果的影响,并进行了外包装自然菌的现场杀灭试验。试验证实,向空气相对湿度70%的集装箱内持续注入臭氧时间60 min（输入臭氧量10 g）,停机密闭15 min,对装载食用动物产品外包装的防疫消毒是有效的。该方法具有可操作性,值得推广。     

Effect of hydrogen sulfide on airway inflammation induced by ozone in mice

AIM: To investigate the effect of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) on airway inflammation induced by ozone (O₃) exposure and its mechanisms.METHODS: C57BL/6 mice (n=32) were randomly divided into control group, O₃ group, NaHS+O₃ group and NaHS group. The mice in O₃ group and O₃+NaHS group were exposed to 2.14 mg/m³ O₃ for 3 h on days 1, 3 and 5, while the mice in control group and NaHS group were exposed to filtered air. NaHS (14 μmol/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to the mice in NaHS group and O₃+NaHS group 30 min before each exposure. After the last exposure for 24 h, the airway responsiveness was determined, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for counting inflammatory cells and measuring total protein concentration. The lung tissues were collected for observing the morphological changes with HE staining. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), malondialdehyde (MDA) and NF-κB p65 protein in the lungs were determined.RESULTS: Compared with control group, the airway responsiveness, inflammatory cells, protein concentration, inflammation score, levels of IL-6, IL-8, MDA and NF-κB p65 in O₃ group increased significantly, but these in NaHS+O₃ group decreased compared with O₃  group.CONCLUSION: The present findings suggest that H₂S attenuates O₃ induced airway inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB expression and preventing lipid peroxidation.     

YLO3-10W型智能臭氧发生器在黄瓜温室中应用初探

为研究臭氧的防治效果,以常规管理的温室为对照温室,以安装有臭氧发生器的温室为试验温室进行探索;并为了探究臭氧发生器在温室的应用效果,以中农26黄瓜品种为试验材料,来研究发生器对白粉病的抑制效果及臭氧的最佳使用浓度。结果表明:相比对照温室,黄瓜整个生长期结束后,使用臭氧发生器的温室杀菌剂使用量整体减少了77.8%。YLO3-10W型智能臭氧发生器能够显著抑制白粉病的发生。进一步研究发现,臭氧浓度达到0.20 mg/m~3以上时,能够显著抑制黄瓜白粉病的发生,而当臭氧浓度长时间维持在0.24 mg/m3以上时,会灼烧黄瓜叶片组织,影响黄瓜正常生长结实,即臭氧在黄瓜上的使用浓度为0.20~0.22 mg/m~3。综合来看,YLO3-10W型智能臭氧发生器的投入应用能够大幅减少化学药剂的投入,在一定程度上抑制黄瓜白粉病的发生。