新型磨粉磨浆机的设计与研究

对新型磨粉磨浆机的结构、工作原理作了介绍，对关键参数进行了优化设计，为制造新型磨粉磨浆机提供了理论上的设计依据。     

合肥市建筑小区雨水利用设计方法

[目的]探讨建筑小区雨水利用设计方法,为建筑小区雨水利用设计提供理论参考。[方法]以安徽省合肥市滨湖假日F-3居住小区为例,根据小区雨水设计目标,计算小区所需雨水利用强度;结合小区具体条件、各种雨水利用设施雨水利用强度与基本规模、成本与效益,确定小区雨水利用设施组成。[结果]提出了小区雨水利用设计方法,解决了雨水利用设计中规模与组成这2个关键问题。滨湖假日F-3居住小区雨水利用设施:景观水体1 742.1m3,储水池1 500m3,下凹式绿地12 200.5m2,透水铺装10 672m2,能满足雨水径流总量控制率为85%,重现期2a对外排流量径流系数的要求。[结论]建筑小区雨水利用设计应以外排径流系数为主要目标,结合小区具体条件,兼顾雨水利用的经济、环境与社会效益,并满足相关规定,合理确定雨水利用设施规模及构成。     

香草兰营养特性的研究

对海南不同生产水平的香草兰种植园植株的养分调查分析,及Ｎ,Ｐ,Ｋ,Ｃａ,Ｍｇ肥料的盆栽试验,研究香草兰的营养特性。结果表明,香草兰植株养分的吸收量以Ｋ〉Ｃａ〉Ｎ〉Ｍｇ〉Ｐ,叶片以Ｃａ〉Ｋ〉Ｎ〉Ｍｇ〉Ｐ;结果植株养分吸收量Ｎ：Ｐ：Ｋ：Ｃａ：Ｍｇ＝１．００：０．２４,１．３９：１．１８：０．４８,盆栽幼苗Ｎ：Ｐ：Ｋ：Ｃａ：Ｍｇ＝１．００：０．１０：１．３８：１．２３：０．３３;高产园植株Ｃａ,Ｐ含量极     

甘蔗杂交后代主要荧光性状的遗传力及配合力分析

以6×3不完全双列杂交NCⅡ）衍生的18个家系实生苗为材料,对主要荧光性状PSIⅡ原初光能转换率（FvFo）、PS Ⅱ潜在活性（FvFm）、光合量子产额（Y）、光化学猝灭系数（qP）、非光化学猝灭系数（qN）的遗传力和配合力进行分析。结果表明∶FvFo,FvFm、Y、qN、qP的遗传主要受基因的非加性效应所制约,这些荧光性状的广义遗传力（h?）变幅为27.46%个44.38%;亲本赣75-65和崖84-153各荧光性状一般配合力为正值且较大,是配合力较好的高光效亲本;根据配合力总效应,综合表现较好的高光效组合有赣75-65崖84-153,,,桂69-156×崖84-153、CP81-1254崖 84-153,CP65-357崖82-96。     

印楝活性物质超临界CO2萃取技术

印楝(Azadirachta indica A.Juss)种子中含有大量杀虫活性较高的柠檬素类物质,印楝油可促进柠檬素类物质的稳定性和生物活性。本实验通过超临界CO2萃取得到含柠檬素类物质和印楝油混合的粗提物,以印楝素A为检测指标,使用均匀设计优化萃取工艺的压力、温度、时间和夹带剂的体积4个因子,确定最佳提取工艺条件为压力37MPa,温度43℃,时间165min,夹带剂的体积13mL,此时印楝种仁中印楝素A萃取率为0.37%。初步测定超临界CO2萃取产物对玉米象(Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky)成虫的驱避活性,并对该技术应用于印楝产业化的前景和可行性进行分析探讨。     

我国观光果园的现状及发展建议

分析了我国观光果园的发展现状及存在的问题,并提出了相关建议。     

响应面法优化超声波辅助提取绿茶总黄酮工艺的研究

为优化超声波提取绿茶总黄酮工艺,在单因素试验基础上,采用Plackett-Burman试验设计对影响绿茶总黄酮得率的因素进行筛选,得出具有显著效应的3个因素—乙醇质量分数、液固比和提取次数。根据Box-Behnken中心组合试验设计原理进行响应面回归分析,以总黄酮得率为响应值,确定主要影响因素的最佳提取条件为乙醇质量分数77%、液固比42︰1和提取次数2次,提取率为3.76%,与模型预测值3.79%基本相符。结果表明,Plackett-Burman设计结合响应面分析法可以很好地对绿茶总黄酮提取工艺进行优化。     

马铃薯叶片水分利用效率及相关生理性状研究

试验于2011年在哈尔滨东北农业大学香坊试验实习基地进行,以4个马铃薯品种为材料,通过盆栽控水试验对马铃薯的叶片水分利用率（LWUE）及与其相关生理性状进行研究。结果表明,在水分胁迫下参试品种的叶片水分利用效率均表现为花期〉蕾期〉苗期〉收获期,且品种间叶片水分利用率差异显著。光合速率、蜡质、可溶性糖含量与LWUE呈极显著正相关。蒸腾速率、胞间二氧化碳浓度与LWUE呈显著负相关,气孔导度与LWUE呈极显著负相关。     

Comparison of experimental designs for estimating quantitative genetic parameters in fish

Four popular experimental designs for estimating variance components of additive genetic effects and (secondarily) dominance and maternal effects in fish (full‐sib families, half‐sib families, nested design and factorial design) were compared. The error variances of the estimators were formulated as functions of the true (hypothetical) values of genetic and environmental variances, depending on the experimental design considered, and whether the families were reared separately or mixed. Half‐sib families and rectangular (many sires×few dams) factorial design were most useful for the estimation of heritability. The nested design appeared much less adequate. The minimum experimental capacity for obtaining accurate estimates was 100 lots in separate rearing or 1000 fish in mixed rearing. A larger experimental capacity is required when dominance and maternal effects as well as heritability are to be estimated because these different estimations, requiring contradictory conditions, cannot be simultaneously optimized.     

A soil temperature control system for ecological research in greenhouses

We designed and tested a soil temperature control system for plant ecophysiological experiments in greenhouses and growth chambers. The system consists of a plywood box, polyethylene liner, insulation, seedling containers, a water pump, and a flow-through heater or chiller. One hundred and twelve seedling containers (11cm diameter, 13.5 cm high) are mounted in the plywood box. There is a hole at the bottom center of each container to allow the free drainage of irrigation water and fertilizer solution. The space between containers is filled with water that is circulated through the chiller/heater. The water is also circulated within the plywood box by a water pump to increase the uniformity of temperature. The system was tested for three soil temperatures (5, 20, and 30°C) over a period of four months. The containers were filled with a peat-moss vermiculite mixture and planted with tree seedlings. The test showed that the soil temperature was almost equal to the water temperature for all three soil temperatures (regression slop = 0.99, intercept = 0.12,r ² = 1.00). The average soil temperatures were within (0.41°C of the set values. The soil temperature of the 112 containers within the same box followed a normal distribution with a small standard deviation (0.34°C for the 30°C treatment). There was a temperature gradient from the top to the bottom of the container (< 1°C). The direction of the temperature gradient was determined by the direction of temperature difference between the soil and the ambient air. When the soil temperature was lower than air temperature, the soil temperature decreased from the top to the bottom of the container, and vise versa. The soil temperature was higher during the day than at night (difference < 1.5°C). Funding for this research was provided by Lakehead University, CFI, ORDCF, and NSERC research grants to Dang, and an NSERC PGS A to Cheng.