Use of differently enriched rotifers,Brachionus plicatilis,during larviculture of haddock,Melanogrammus aeglefinus: effects on early growth,survival and body lipid composition

We evaluated the effects of enriched rotifers on growth, survival and on the lipid composition of haddock larvae. The treatments tested were (1) AlgaMac 2000^®, (2) AquaGrow^® Advantage and (3) Pavlova sp. paste and AlgaMac 2000^®. The treatments did not influence larval growth rate throughout the experimental period (P = 0.70). Larvae from all treatments grew approximately 8% of their dry weight per day between 1 and 29 days post hatch (dph). Treatment 3 resulted in the best survival, estimated to be 3 on a scale from 0 to 5, whereas for the two other groups the survival estimates were 0 and 2. Rotifers from treatment 1 had low sterol concentrations, high eicosapentaenoic acid/arachidonic acid ratio and their feeding resulted in high larval mortality. Rotifers enriched with Pavlova sp. had the lowest proportions of the sum of saturated fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid and sum of ω3 and the highest proportions of the sum of monounsaturated fatty acids (ΣMUFA). This was partially reflected in larvae from treatment 3 in that they had the highest proportions of ΣMUFA and the lowest proportions of Σω3 (P < 0.0001 for both analyses). In addition, these larvae had the highest and lowest ΣC₂₀ and ΣC₂₂ polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) respectively (P < 0.0001 for both analyses). We suggest that more research with ω3 and ω6 PUFA can lead to improvements in the rearing of haddock larvae produced in hatcheries.     

鱼类解偶联蛋白（UCP）基因研究新进展

通过生理性解偶联调节氧化磷酸化效率可能是进化早期发展起来的一种普遍策略,对生命的存在至关重要. 解偶联蛋白（uncoupling protein,UCP）家族是位于线粒体内膜的转运蛋白,哺乳动物基因组中已发现5个成员,其中UCP1~UCP3紧密相关,而UCP4和UCP5（即BMCP1,brain mitochondrial carrier protein-1）与它们差异较大. UCP1~UCP4不仅在哺乳类、鸟类等恒温脊椎动物中普遍存在,而且在鱼类等变温动物中也被证实存在,但UCP5目前仅在哺乳类中被发现. 哺乳动物褐色脂肪组织的UCP1,介导呼吸链产生的质子梯度泄漏,使氧化产生的能量以热的形式散发,但鱼类等变温动物UCP1的功能尚待进一步研究确立. UCP2和UCP3在产热、控制活性氧生成、脂肪酸氧化以及肥胖、糖尿病的发生中均发挥重要作用,二者的转录调节较复杂. UCP4和UCP5与其他UCP关系较远,UCP4仅在脑中表达,而UCP5在脑中高表达,它们的功能还不十分明确,但研究表明很可能与UCP2和UCP3的功能相似.     

干旱地区土壤保墒增墒的有效措施

旱灾是制约辽西地区农业发展的重要因素。针对辽西干旱地区农业生产实际,介绍深松和坐水播种技术及其作用,并通过应用试验以验证其对土壤的保墒增墒效果。试验结果表明,在干旱条件下采用这两种技术可有效改善土壤情况,为种子发芽出苗创造适宜的环境条件。     

Effects of swimming on experimental endometriosis in rats

AIM To evaluate the effect of swimming on experimental endometriosis in rats. METHODS 80 female SD rats were divided into 8 groups, including control group, model group and animals performed light exercise （swimming once a week）, moderate exercise （swimming 3 times a week）, and intense exercise （swimming 5 times a week） before or after endometriosis induction,10 rats in each group. The mRNA and protein expressions of fatty acid synthase （FAS）, matrix metalloproteinase 9 （MMP9） and proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） in endometrium of rats were detected. RESULTS The swimming before the induction of the edometriosis lesions did not prove to have aprophylactic role against endometriosis, whereas the swimming after induction of the lesions had a beneficial effect regardless of frequency, with a greater reduction in the groups practicing moderate and intense activity （P<0.05）, an increase in FAS levels and a decrease in MMP9 and PCNA levels were also observed （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION Swimming after induction of the edometriosis is beneficial for the treatment of endometriosis, the mechanism may be related to the expression of FAS, MMP9 and PCNA protein.     

东北三省大豆种质品质性状鉴评与综合分析

根据目标性状有的放矢的选配杂交亲本是提高优异品质组成品种的选择效率的基本前提。本研究对东北三省102份大豆种质资源的蛋白、氨基酸组分、油份及脂肪酸组分进行测定,通过遗传多样性、主成分和聚类分析,对其进行表型鉴定及基因型分类以综合评价种质品质特性。结果表明:东北三省大豆种质油份及脂肪酸组分变异较丰富,遗传多样性程度较高。根据主成分分析筛选到9个主成分进行聚类分析,通过聚类分析将供试种质资源分为5类。第I类群蛋白含量较高、油份含量偏低,第II类群蛋白、油份含量均居中,第III类群油份含量较高、蛋白含量偏低,第IV类群高油,第V类群高蛋白,类群间的氨基酸、脂肪酸组分各有差异。需根据育种目标在群体间选配亲本,以提高品质育种的效率。     

休闲期不同耕作模式对旱地麦田土壤水分、养分及产量的影响

为探索适宜晋南旱地小麦高效生产的耕作模式,以晋麦92为试验材料,设置休闲期深翻/深翻、深松/深翻、深松/深松、常规耕作(对照)4个耕作模式,研究其对土壤水分及养分、作物生长和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,深翻/深翻、深松/深翻、深松/深松模式较对照休闲末期3m内土壤蓄水量和土壤蓄水效率显著提高,土壤蓄水效率提高达52.5%~91.3%,以深松/深松模式较好;越冬-孕穗期3m内土壤蓄水量提高,且深松/深松模式与对照差异显著;各生育时期单株干物质积累量提高,且越冬-拔节期深松/深松、深松/深翻模式与对照差异显著,孕穗-成熟期各耕作模式与对照差异均显著;穗数、千粒重、产量和水分利用效率显著提高,其中穗数提高22.7%~29.9%,水分利用效率提高15.1%~21.6%,产量提高39.4%~60.3%,以深松/深松模式较好;收获后0~40cm土层土壤有机质平均含量提高2.5%~8.7%,速效磷含量提高11.1%~34.4%,碱解氮含量提高5.1%~20.2%,以深松/深松模式较好。总之,深翻/深翻、深松/深翻、深松/深松模式均能提高土壤蓄水保墒能力,改善养分供应状况,有利于促进小麦干物质积累,最终提高产量和水分利用效率,以深松/深松模式最佳。     

Quantitative trait loci responsible for the difference in γ-oryzanol content in brown rice between japonica-type and indica-type rice cultivars

γ-Oryzanol is a main oleophilic component in rice bran oil and has been well recognized as a good dietary supplement for human health, as well as having uses in industrial materials. japonica-type rice cultivars generally showed significantly higher contents of total γ-oryzanol in brown rice compared with indica-type cultivars, although within-group variation was significant. The objective of this study was to explore quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for the difference in the γ-oryzanol content between japonica-type and indica-type rice cultivars, using recombinant inbred lines (RILs), backcross inbred lines (BILs), and corresponding chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) derived from crosses between japonica-type and indica-type. Results from RILs and BILs showed that eight QTLs were detected with R² from .09 to .16. Nine candidate regions for QTL were also suggested from corresponding CSSLs. These QTLs from RILs and BILs and the candidate regions from CSSLs were not overlapped, although one QTLs was mapped near the boundaries of the respective candidate region. At four QTLs and three candidate regions, alleles or segments from japonica-type caused higher contents than those from indica-type. On the other hand, at the other four QTLs and six candidate regions, alleles or segments from indica-type caused higher contents than those from japonica-type, which is a reverse result to the parental differences. This result strongly suggested that alleles with increasing effects on γ-oryzanol content could be accumulated not only from japonica-type but also from indica-type, leading to a potential for increase in γ-oryzanol content in future breeding programs.     

Effect of antisense locked nucleic acid blocking translation initiation region of c-myc exon 2 on apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells

AIM: To observe the effect of antisense locked nucleic acid (anti-LNA) blocking the translation initiation region of c-myc exon 2 on the viability and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.METHODS: The anti-LNA that was complementary to the translation initiation region of c-myc exon 2 was designed, synthesized, and introduced into the HepG2 cells by cationic liposome-mediated transfection. The mRNA and protein levels of c-Myc in the cells were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot. The change of cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry, and the toxicity of anti-LNA to the cells was detected by MTT assay.RESULTS: Five days after transfection, the mRNA level of c-Myc in anti-LNA group was 0.335±0.016, and the protein level was 0.448±0.037, significantly lower than those in control group (both P<0.05). The ratio of apoptotic cells in anti-LNA group was 32%±6%, which was higher than that in control group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Antisense locked nucleic acid targeting at the translation initiation region of c-myc exon 2 shows strong inhibitory effects on the apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.     

Effect of GYY4137 on cytosolic lipid decomposition in mouse primary hepatocytes

AIM: To evaluate the effect of GYY4137, a novel hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) donor, on cytosolic lipid decomposition in mouse primary steatosis hepatocytes. METHODS: Oleic acid (OA) was used to induce hepatic steatosis model in vitro. The C57BL/6 mouse primary hepatocytes isolated and cultured by 2-step in situ perfusion were divided into 4 groups:the cells in control group were incubated with normal medium for 54 h; the cells in model group were incubated with OA at 1.2 mmol/L for 48 h followed by serum-free phenol red-free RPMI-1640 for 6 h; the cells in H₂S group or DL-propar-gylglycine (PAG; an inhibitor of cystathione γ-lysase, inhibiting H₂S synthesis) group were incubated with OA at 1.2 mmol/L for 48 h followed by serum-free phenol red-free RPMI-1640 which contained 1 mmol/L GYY4137 or 200 μmol/L PAG for 6 h. The glycerin release and the protein expression of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) in the cells were mea-sured. RESULTS: Compared with model group, the glycerin release and the protein expression of phosphorylated HSL (p-HSL) in H₂S group decreased significantly, while those increased significantly in PAG group. CONCLUSION: In steatosis hepatocytes, exogenous H₂S possibly decreases cytosolic lipid decomposition by decreasing the protein level of p-HSL.     

嘉有生物基质和黄腐酸肥料配合施用对黄瓜的影响效果研究

为探究嘉有生物基质与黄腐酸肥料配合施用效果,设置了不同量生物基质对黄瓜生长发育影响的试验。结果表明:相同黄腐酸类肥料施用量条件下,施用生物基质对黄瓜茎粗没有显著影响,但可降低土壤EC值,促进黄瓜植株增长,且有增产效果,以施用39 000 kg/hm~2效果最显著。