转 Bt基因抗虫棉对棉大卷叶螟抗性的研究

:转Bt基因抗虫棉对棉铃虫有很好的抗性,对棉大卷叶螟(SyleptaderogataFabricius)的抗性未见报道。作者研究表明,棉大卷叶螟在棉田为聚集分布型,低龄幼虫有集中为害习性;抗虫棉对其有很好的抗性,平均虫株率为2.2%,较常规棉中棉所12降低96.6%;百株虫量为133.8头,较常规棉降低88.4%。     

Effect of take-all root infections on nitrate uptake in winter wheat

The effect of take-all root lesions on nitrate uptake of wheat was investigated in two experiments under controlled conditions. Plants were supplied with a nutrient solution labelled with ¹⁵N during stem elongation and flowering to assess the distribution of the isotopic tracer in the different plant organs, and particularly in root segments located on both sides of take-all lesions. The ¹⁵N atom percentage excess measured in root segments located below lesions longer than 1 cm was reduced on average by half compared with that in healthy roots and root segments above lesions, reflecting a reduction in nitrogen uptake by these root segments. This reduction probably resulted from the invasion and breakdown of phloem vessels by the fungus hyphae, interrupting energy supply and thus the uptake process. Severely infected plants showed an increase in the uptake rate per unit of efficient root, which appeared to be a compensatory response to reduction of efficient root biomass in order to satisfy shoot nitrogen demand. However, this compensatory response was insufficient to ensure nitrogen accumulation equivalent to that of healthy plants, as reductions in nitrogen accumulated in roots and aerial parts at flowering were up to 56 and 49%, respectively, for plants with more than 50% of the root system below lesions longer than 1 cm.     

Weed:spring barley competition for applied nitrogen in pig slurry

Summary The experiments were carried out in the two spring barley fields of the organic six-course cattle:crop rotation at Foulumgaard, Denmark. The weed density was 300 and 1800 plants m⁻² respectively. Pig slurry was applied by hand in microplots by four methods: broadcasting followed by incorporation, or injected in bands to depths of 5, 10 or 15 cm. Spring barley and weeds were sampled separately six times during the tillering and elongation phase of the spring barley. The effect of application method on dry-matter (d.m.) production, nitrogen uptake and recovery of applied nitrogen in the spring barley and the weeds is reported. Slurry banding halved the weed d.m. and weed N uptake compared with broadcasting, irrespective of weed density. Weeds recovered up to 12% of the applied nitrogen, which made them a significant competitor when the slurry was broadcast and incorporated. Banding by direct injection reduced the slurry:soil contact and the weed:crop competition balance for applied nitrogen moved in favour of the crop. Thus, the crop recovery of applied nitrogen at the end of the sampling period was increased from approximately 45% for broadcast and incorporated to approximately 50% for injected slurry, and coincidental weed recovery was reduced to a maximum of 5%. As the nitrogen supply normally affects plant d.m. production, banding of slurry might well improve crop competitiveness and its tolerance to mechanical weed control.     

稀土对刺槐苗木生理特性影响的研究

稀土对刺槐苗木生理特性影响的研究赵兰勇，梁玉堂（山东农业大学林学院泰安２７１０１８）王九龄（北京林业大学北京１０００８３）关键词稀土，刺槐，光合速率，叶绿素含量，水分利用效率，矿质元素含量近年来，稀土元素在农业上的应用研究越来越受到人们的重视，并且已...     

多花黑麦草品种比较试验

通过对现行生产中常用的4个多花黑麦草品种在昆明地区的物候期、株高、草产量、生长率、净同化率等指标的规定表明,在生长初期,特高的生产性能比其余3个品种都好,但生长一段时间后,邦德的生产性能明显超过特高(P<0.05),抗锈王略高于特高(P>0.05),旺饲的生产性能最差(P<0.05)。因此,邦德是一个在生产中值得推广应用的品种。     

优质牦牛肉肉质的综合评价

2000-2002年对大通牛场40头6月龄不同性别的全哺乳牦牛的肉质进行了综合评价。对供试牦牛肌肉pH、嫩度、肌纤维细度、系水率、肉的贮存损失、肉的煮熟时间、熟肉率和烹饪损失率及肉色等进行了评价，分析了肌肉的化学成分，氨基酸及微量元素含量。结果表明该牦牛肉系水率强，肉的煮熟时间短，肉的贮存损失及烹饪损失较小，肌纤维较细，肉色深红。并具有蛋白质含量高，脂肪含量低及富含各种氨基酸的特点。     

营养液浓度及pH值对山葵生长及光合速率的影响

 探讨了0.5、1.0、1.5 倍日本园试营养液3 种浓度(以清水为对照) 和5.4、6.0、6.6、7.2 等4 种pH 值对山葵生长和光合速率的影响。结果表明, 在营养液1.0 倍和pH 6.0 条件下, 山葵平均根茎鲜质量为42.75 g , 且叶绿素含量和净光合速率显著高于其它处理。     

采收成熟度对牛肝菌保鲜贮藏的影响

不同成熟度的食用菌子实体采后生理、病理及贮藏品质有不同的变化规律 ,本文通过对美柄牛肝菌(BoletusspeciosuFrost)三种不同成熟度的子实体的呼吸强度、呼吸商的测定分析 ,及贮藏过程中菌体外观品质变化综合评定的产生及发展进行分析 ,为牛肝菌采集及贮藏中的原料标准的制定提供依据。     

高压电击法防治黄斑星天牛的研究

对黄斑星天牛虫害木(毛白杨)施以高压电击的实验结果表明,高压电击法对杀灭黄斑星天牛1～3龄幼虫效果明晃,死亡率达70%～80%;各龄幼虫停止取食率80%～90%.高压电击法在防治木材害虫、树木蛀干害虫及木材检疫上具有广阔的开发应用前景.