桤木×杉木混交林生物量及分布格局研究

为解决目前南方林区人工林针叶化引起的系列生态问题,发展阔叶树种造林,应用平均标准木法和样方收获法对桤木×杉木混交林各模式林分的生物量、分配比例及分布格局进行研究,结果表明:不同经营模式的林分的生物量及生产力由高到低为:行间混交、行带混交、株间混交、杉木纯林,以行间混交的乔木层生物量及生产力最高,分别为68.66(t/hm2)和6.86(t/hm·2a);混交林各经营模式的营养空间分布均比杉木纯林合理,能较好地促进林木生长。     

马尾松木荷混交林林分结构和土壤肥力研究

对马尾松木荷混交林与马尾松纯林林分生长、径阶分布及土壤理化性质研究表明 :马尾松与木荷以 2∶1比例行状混交 ,马尾松生长快 ,林分各径阶呈正态分布 ,林分生产力高、结构稳定。马尾松木荷混交林不仅提高土壤通透性和蓄水性 ,促进土壤良好结构形成 ,而且增加土壤养分含量 ,改善土壤肥力状况     

盐胁迫对刺槐混栽苗光合特性的影响

以刺槐、榆树、臭椿、绒毛白蜡、杨树为试材,利用不同浓度盐溶液模拟盐胁迫条件,研究了盐胁迫对刺槐混栽苗光合特性的影响。结果表明：低盐胁迫下刺槐混栽苗的Pn、Ci、Cond同步下降,且相关性较高;而随着胁迫的增强,三者又有所增高,在高盐胁迫下（200mmol/L）又开始下降,但盐胁迫对不同混栽苗光合作用的伤害作用不同。     

Effects of different supplements on tetraploid black locust (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Robinia pseudoacacia</Emphasis> L.) silage

Preparation of silage is a common method to preserve green forage. It plays an important role in improving forage utilization,     

Silage and total mixed ration hygienic quality on commercial farms: implications for animal production

Implications of silage hygienic quality for animal production were investigated on forty‐five dairy farms in South West England. Samples of grass and maize silages and of total mixed rations (TMR) were obtained together with information on silage technology, herd size and animal production. Samples were analysed for mycotoxins, bacteria, yeasts, moulds and chemical composition. Thirteen mycotoxins were assayed, but none were detected in the samples of grass silage. However, mycotoxins were found in 0·9 of all maize and other silage samples, with deoxynivalenol and zearalenone predominating. There was no relationship between total mycotoxin concentration and mean lactation milk yield per cow. Enterobacteria counts tended to be higher in maize silage than in grass silage and higher still in TMR – a cause for concern. There were no relationships between mould counts and mycotoxin concentrations in silages, implying that mycotoxins may have been produced in the field pre‐ensiling.     

Effects of formic acid and potassium diformate on the fermentation quality,chemical composition and aerobic stability of alfalfa silage

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of potassium diformate (KDF) as a potential additive for alfalfa silage. Fresh alfalfa was untreated or treated with formic acid (4 g/kg fresh weight, FW) or three concentrations of KDF (4, 5.5 or 7 g/kg FW). After 60 days of ensiling, the addition of formic acid and greater levels of KDF (5.5 and 7 g/kg) effectively reduced silage pH and inhibited the undesirable bacteria, indicated by lower butyric acid, ethanol, ammonia N concentrations and microbial populations (including enterobacteria, yeasts, moulds and clostridia). Additives decreased the dry‐matter loss, and more water‐soluble carbohydrates were preserved in the silages with formic acid or potassium diformate than in the control. Alfalfa silages treated with formic acid at 4 g/kg FW or potassium diformate at 5.5 or 7 g/kg FW were classified as the highest quality silage based on the higher Flieg's point (above 70) and remained stable for more than 9 days during aerobic exposure. Potassium diformate is recommended as an effective additive for alfalfa silages at a level of 5.5 or 7 g/kg FW under the humid and hot conditions of southern China.     

捆草机电气控制系统的设计研究——基于MCGS与单片机技术

以呼伦贝尔市蒙拓农机科技股份有限公司生产的9YG-1.3型圆草捆打捆机为样机,针对其控制部分存在自动化程度低、草捆边缘布网太松、操作繁琐及需人工手动计数等问题,运用昆仑通态MCGS编程软件和Keil u Vision4软件,设计了一款以单片机系统为控制核心,以MCGS触摸屏为人机界面,配备各种相应传感器和控制输出硬件的自动控制系统。该系统通过人机监控界面,实现了对捆草机运行状况的实时监控。试验结果表明:本控制系统有效地解决了捆草机的灵活布网问题与计数问题,并可以实时进行停车、开仓门、关仓门与报警声亮提示,提高了捆草机的工作效率和自动化水平。     

外源添加剂对黄贮小麦秸秆产甲烷潜力及微生物群落的影响

为探讨添加不同外源添加剂对黄贮小麦秸秆产甲烷潜力和微生物群落结构的影响,该研究以小麦秸秆为黄贮原料,添加乙酸(3‰ACE组)和异型发酵乳酸菌复合系(3‰MI1组,6‰MI2组),调整含水率至50%,黄贮65 d后,以黄贮小麦秸秆为厌氧发酵原料,探究发酵过程中的指标性质和微生物群落结构。研究发现黄贮预处理后,发酵系统中的初始挥发性有机酸中的乳酸和乙酸增加、甲烷含量增加、可溶性化学需氧量(sCOD)增加。添加了外源添加剂的ACE组、MI1组、MI2组的累积甲烷产量较干黄小麦秸秆(WS组)提高了4.7%～10.6%,而未添加添加剂的CK组的累积甲烷产量较WS组降低了9%。发酵系统中的主要优势细菌为Bacteroidetes、Firmicutes和Proteobacteria,优势古菌为甲烷鬃菌属Methanosaeta,黄贮预处理改变了发酵系统微生物的群落结构,促进了小麦秸秆的甲烷转化,为木质纤维素的沼气转化提供参考。     

添加槐花粉对白三叶青贮发酵品质的影响

采用单因子随机设计,研究添加不同比例的槐(Sophora japonica)花粉对白三叶(Trifolium repens)青贮发酵品质的影响,以期为槐花应用于青贮饲料生产提供科学依据.分别设置白三叶单独青贮(C)、95％白三叶+5％槐花粉青贮(T1)、90％白三叶+10％槐花粉青贮(T2)、85％白三叶+15％槐花粉...     

不同碳水化合物源对饲料油菜青贮品质的影响

为油菜多功能开发利用、促进种养结合,以饲料油菜华油杂62为材料,添加不同来源碳水化合物进行青贮比较试验,研究高水分饲料油菜青贮技术.试验分为5组,分别将20％的各碳水化合物原料(麸皮、玉米粉、米糠、玉米淀粉)与高水分饲料油菜混合青贮,青贮45 d后进行感官评定并测定营养成分、pH、有机酸含量等.结果表明,添加各碳水化合...