生物农药和生化复配制剂防治设施秋番茄温室白粉虱效果研究

为减轻设施秋番茄温室白粉虱发生危害,减少化学农药用量、残留和环境污染,采用测报调查、随机区组设计和统计分析等方法,开展了生物农药阿维菌素 赤.吲乙.芸苔(碧护)和苦参碱 碧护和生化复配制剂甲维盐 碧护防治设施秋番茄温室白粉虱农药田间药效试验。结果表明,在温室大棚秋季番茄白粉虱发生较重情况下,每hm2用1.8%阿维菌素EC375g 碧护600g、1.5%苦参碱SL4500mL 碧护600g和生化复配制剂5.7%甲维盐SG450g 碧护600g,7天施药1次,连续施用4次,药后10天、17天、26天和35天,防治效果均在81%、83%、85%和81%以上,且药后10天和17天甲维盐 碧护与阿维菌素 碧护、阿维菌素 碧护与苦参碱 碧护差异不显著,甲维盐 碧护显著高于苦参碱 碧护。阿维菌素 碧护、苦参碱 碧护和甲维盐 碧护不仅可以作为防治设施番茄温室白粉虱的理想药剂,而且可以作为现代农业示范区、无公害农产品、绿色农产品和有机农产品防治温室白粉虱的理想药剂。     

高效液相色谱法测定润燥止痒胶囊中苦参碱的含量

[目的]建立高效液相色谱法测定润燥止痒胶囊中苦参碱的含量。[方法]采用Diamonsil钻石C18柱(250.0mm×4.6mm,5μm),以甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液洗脱(甲醇∶水=50∶50),流速1ml/min,检测波长220nm。[结果]样品中苦参碱平均回收率为98.72%;线性范围:0.2～1.0μg;r=0.9996。[结论]该方法准确,回收率和重现性好,可用于润燥止痒胶囊的质量控制。     

球孢白僵菌与苦参碱混配对烟粉虱的毒力与田间防效

旨在探讨球孢白僵菌与8种杀虫剂的相容性以及球孢白僵菌与苦参碱混配对温室烟粉虱的防治效果。首先进行8种杀虫剂与球孢白僵菌的相容性试验,然后选择相容性较高的苦参碱与球孢白僵菌的LC_(50)浓度以9∶1、4∶1、1∶1、1∶4和1∶9体积比进行混配,以共毒系数对其毒力进行评价。结果表明:苦参碱与球孢白僵菌的相容性最好,尤其在10倍稀释度下,苦参碱对球孢白僵菌孢子萌发、菌丝生长及产孢抑制率分别为14.44%、10.17%和12.63%。苦参碱与球孢白僵菌体积比为4∶1时,共毒系数为293,增效作用最明显。综上所述,苦参碱与球孢白僵菌在LC_(50)浓度下以4∶1体积比混配具有极显著的增效作用。     

植物源农药苦参碱纳米制剂对九里香蚜虫防治功效初探

植物源农药苦参碱经超声波处理,经电镜及粒度分析仪检测,所得粒子为单分散、均匀的球形纳米颗粒,平均粒径128.5±54.3nm。将苦参碱纳米制剂、苦参碱原剂、印楝素分别配成800倍液和1200倍液,以清水处理为对照,对九里香蚜虫进行药效试验,结果表明：苦参碱纳米制剂的功效最好,用药后7d,蚜虫的校正死亡率分别达95.9%、89.8%,印楝素原剂次之,苦参碱原剂最差。     

薄层扫描法测定复方"克清甲"软膏中苦参碱含量

[目的]测定复方＂克清甲＂软膏中苦参碱含量,建立其质量控制方法。[方法]采用单波长扫描法对制剂中的苦参碱含量进行检测。[结果]苦参碱含量在1-9μg时与吸收面积呈良好线性关系（R=0.995 2）;该品中苦参碱含量为0.02%。[结论]该测定方法专属性强、稳定性好、准确可靠,可作为复方＂克清甲＂软膏的质量控制方法。     

0.3%苦参碱对茶园假眼小绿叶蝉及茶蚕的防治效果

[目的]探讨生物农药苦参碱对小绿叶蝉、茶蚕的防治效果。[方法]设置小区试验、大田防治试验和室内试验,测定苦参碱对假眼小绿叶蝉及茶蚕的防治效果。[结果]小区试验喷施0.3%苦参碱水剂1000、1200倍液后1、5d,对假眼小绿叶蝉的防治效果优于10%蚜虱净可湿性粉剂4000倍液,喷后10d0.3%苦参碱水剂1000倍液的防治效果与蚜虱净相近,但0.3苦参碱水剂1200倍液不及蚜虱净;大田试验中,0.3%苦参碱水剂1000倍液喷后5、10d的防治效果分别为89.56%和80.16%;0.3%苦参碱水剂1000倍液对茶蚕也有一定的防治效果。[结论]苦参碱对假眼小绿叶蝉和茶蚕具有良好的防治效果。     

苦参碱与阿维菌素对牛蒡长管蚜毒力最佳配比的筛选及田间防效试验

采用叶片浸渍法测定了苦参碱与阿维菌素混配对牛蒡长管蚜的增效作用及两种药剂混配的最佳配比。结果表明,当2种药剂之比为（17.59～105.56）：1时,混配制剂表现出较明显的增效作用;当2种药剂之比为27：1时,增效作用最强,此时的共毒系数为147.1011。田间试验结果表明,苦参碱与阿维菌素按有效成分为27：1进行混配后的1500、2000、2500倍液对牛蒡长管蚜有较好的防治效果。     

Effects of oxymatrine on lymphocyte proliferation and the quantity of regulatory T cells

AIM: To analyze the effects of oxymatrine (OMT) on the quantity of murine regulatory T cells (Tr cells) in the peripheral blood and mouse lymphocyte proliferation stimulated by Con A, and to probe into the immunological mechanism that OMT treats allergic contact dermatitis (ACD).METHODS: An ACD mouse model stimulated by dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) was established. Different dosages of OMT, PBS and hydrocortisone (HCT) were intraperitoneally injected (IP) into the mice. Blood samples were collected at〖JP+2〗 1 d, 7 d, 14 d, 21 d and 28 d, then the T cells were isolated and marked with anti-CD3, anti-CD4, anti-CD25 three-colored immune fluorescence antibody to detect the quantity of CD4+CD25+ T cells with flow cytometry. The fluorescence intensity changes of lymphocytes which were isolated from mouses lymph node and co-stimulated by polyclonal stimulator Con A and OMT were examined by carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFDA-SE) staining and flow cytometry. RESULTS: OMT at concentrations of 500, 125 and 31 mg/L had the ability to restrain the proliferation of lymphocytes from lymph node in a dose dependent manner. However, OMT at concentrations of 16, 8, 4 and 2 mg/L promoted the proliferation of T lymphocytes from lymph node, but was not obviously dependent on its concentration. Intraperitoneal injection of OMT increased the numbers of CD4+CD25+T cell in peripheral blood obviously (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The effects of OMT on the proliferation of T lymphocytes from mouses lymph node cells are observed, OMT also increases the CD4+CD25+T cells in the peripheral blood, implying that OMT is a kind of immunoregulator with dual effects.     

美国白蛾的生物防治研究

作者通过浸虫法和浸叶法分别测定了苦参碱和虫酰肼对美国白蛾3龄幼虫的室内生物活性,结果如下:苦参碱对美国白蛾3龄幼虫的毒力回归方程为y=4.043 9+0.713 1x,其致死中浓度LC50为21.915 2 mg/L,LC90为1 373.543 9 mg/L;虫酰肼对美国白蛾的毒力回归方程为y=4.431 2+0.689 1x,其致死中浓度LC50为6.689 6 mg/L,LC90为484.307 mg/L。