化学杂交剂BAU9403诱导小麦雄性不育及与小麦不同品种互作效应的研究

以18个小麦品种和化学杂交剂BAU9403的不同剂量为处理，研究了BAU9403的杀雄效果及其不同基因型小麦对BAU9403反应的遗传差异。结果表明，适宜的BAU9403喷施剂量与时期，供试品种均能诱导大于95％的雄性不育率；对大多数品种而言，适宜的时期范围为雌雄蕊原基分化期，适宜的剂量范围为0.75-1.0kg/hm^2，以1.0kg/hm^2效果为好。BAU9403对不同基因型小麦品种之间存在着互作效应。     

迟心4号晚熟菜心核基因雄性不育系回交转育研究

根据复等位基因遗传假说,利用现有白菜雄性不育系(Z05-31A)作为不育源,以晚熟菜心品种迟心4号为轮回亲本,经过杂交、回交、自交、测交等转育方法,将核不育基因转入迟心4号中,其不育株率和不育度均达到100%。育成了具有白菜核不育基因的迟心4号新甲型雄性不育两用系、临时保持系和雄性不育系。     

芒果雄性不育现象及花粉萌发研究初报

 对六个芒果品种观察表明:存在雄性不育现象对花粉进行萌发试验;各品种,各年度有差异。在20℃以下时无萌发,25～30℃时萌发率最高。在22～32℃时花粉自然条件下存放7小时后90%以上花粉元萌发力。     

不同水平铜对育成水貂生长发育的影响

[目的]探讨不同水平铜对育成期水貂生长发育的影响。[方法]在86～146日龄雄性水貂的基础日粮中添加不同水平的蛋氨酸螯合铜进行饲养试验和消化代谢试验,研究不同铜水平对育成期水貂生长发育的影响。[结果]当铜添加量为210～249 mg/kg且低于249 mg/kg时,可明显促进水貂的生长发育;当铜添加量为249～314 mg/kg高于249 mg/kg时,可明显抑制水貂的生长发育。以蛋氨酸螯合铜为铜源,当基础日粮中铜添加量为249 mg/kg时,86～146日龄水貂体增重最快,平均日增重最高为（17.50±1.56）g/d,是高铜临界点。[结论]该研究为水貂的科学饲养提供理论依据。     

芥菜型油菜细胞质雄性不育材料"黄籽A" 的发现与研究

[目的]研究贵州芥菜型油菜地方品种的天然不育性。[方法]对贵州地方品种清镇竹桠油菜中发现的几株天然黄籽不育株进行研究。[结果]结果表明,育成的新的雄性不育系为“黄籽A”。它的不育性稳定,自交亲和指数接近于0,无花粉存在,花粉粒碘化反应后无色。[结论]该研究结果为优质杂交新品种的选育提供科学依据。     

利用HSP70反义基因片段创造植物雄性不育系

该文将HSP70反义基因片段与TA29花药特异性启动子连接构建成植物表达载体,应用农杆菌介导法将其导入到烟草细胞得到转基因植株.通过分子杂交检测和GUS基因表达检测及育性分析证明HSP70反义基因片段已整合进烟草基因组中,并导致转基因烟草出现雄性不育.花药和花粉的显微观察结果表明,转基因烟草的雌蕊正常、但花药和花粉出现败育,而对照植株的雌蕊和雄蕊都正常.通过线粒体HSP70蛋白的提取和测定,发现热激前后对照株的HSP70蛋白含量之比是1.39倍,转基因烟草不育株的HSP70蛋白含量之比为1.01倍,从而证明HSP70反义基因能够有效抑制HSP70蛋白表达而导致植物出现雄性不育.这一研究结果为利用基因工程技术创造植物雄性不育系提供了一种新的策略和途径.     

甘蓝型油菜NEA胞质不育高产广适杂交种川油36的选育

川油36(03杂-14)具有杂交优势强,综合农艺性状好,品质优,丰产性突出,产量高,含油量高,熟期适中,适应性广,抗(耐)病性强等优点,分别于2008、2009和2010年通过了国家长江上游组、下游组和中游组审定,为甘蓝型油菜NEA胞质雄性不育三系高产广适双低杂交新品种.     

大豆细胞质雄性不育系配套保持系线粒体基因组BAC文库的构建

以大豆细胞质雄性不育系配套保持系材料(JLCMSl)的黄化苗为材料,纯化得到线粒体.低熔点琼脂糖包埋线粒体成胶块,消化裂解后用HindⅢ部分酶切,通过脉冲场电泳回收40～60kb酶切片段.将回收产物连接到载体pIndigo-BAC 5,通过电击转化大肠杆菌DH10B感受态细胞,获得的BAC文库包含2 000个单克隆,平...     

玉米雄性不育系71A、保持系71B和恢复系12R的创制

用外引的23份玉米材料与K22、488、5005、掖107组建混合群体,从中筛选出雄性不育系71A及其保持系71B。用不同类型、不同世代的选种材料作父本,采取开放自由授粉的方式与71A杂交,从其后代中获得了恢复系12R。多点次检测表明,不育系71A不育性能稳定,配合力较高,没有连锁性病害且农艺性状优良;恢复系12R恢复株率达到99%。通过试验该三系材料具有较高的应用价值。     

Insect-mediated cross-pollination in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] : I. Agronomic performance

In soybean, manual cross-pollination to produce large quantities of F₁ hybrid seed for yield trials is difficult and time-consuming. Conversely, insect-mediated cross-pollination has been shown to produce large quantities of hybrid seed in soybean and could facilitate the identification of heterotic patterns. The objective of our study was: (1) evaluate F₁ hybrid soybean plants from single crosses for yield and agronomic traits over several environments and (2) compare hybrid performance of the single crosses to lines developed from three-way crosses and backcrosses. In 2003, F₁ seed of single-crosses and their parent lines were evaluated in replicated experiments at three locations. Also in 2003, three-way crosses, and BC₁F₁ seed were produced. In 2004, three-way crosses, BC₁F₁ crosses, and their parent lines were evaluated at one location. High-parent heterosis (HPH) in single-crosses for grain yield ranged from −41.11% to +11.19%; for protein content from −4.34% to +3.53%, and for oil content from −13.22% to −0.84%. In three-way crosses, HPH for yield ranged from −25.21% to −4.50%, for protein from −2.72% to +1.92%, and for oil from −5.87% to −1.20%. For BC₁F₁ crosses, HPH for yield ranged from −15.65% to +41.97%, for protein from −2.57% to +1.69%, and for oil from −2.47% to +2.22%. Although positive heterosis levels were observed across all populations tested to determine the economic feasibility it is imperative that more tests of more cross-combinations be evaluated in replicated environments. Extensive research in different environments must be conducted to determine what parental combinations will produce the highest heterosis levels, and to develop criteria for selecting the parents with the best combining ability. This will be important to maximize agronomic performance that can economically justify the use of hybrids in soybean production.