Magnetic resonance imaging of the normal bovine digit

The purpose of this study was defining the normal structures of the digits and hoof in Holstein dairy cattle using Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI). Transverse, Sagital and Dorsoplantar MRI images of three isolated cattle cadaver digits were obtained using Gyroscan T5-NT a magnet of 0.5 Tesla and T1 Weighted sequence. The MRI images were compared to corresponding frozen cross-sections and dissect specimens of the cadaver digits. Relevant anatomical structures were identified and labeled at each level. The MRI images provided anatomical detail of the digits and hoof in Holstein dairy cattle. Transversal images provided excellent depiction of anatomical structures when compared to corresponding frozen cross-sections. The information presented in this paper would serve as an initial reference to the evaluation of MRI images of the digits and hoof in Holstein dairy cattle, that can be used by radiologist, clinicians, surgeon or for research propose in bovine lameness.     

生物法处理养殖污水中氨氮的研究进展

综述近几年生物方法处理养殖污水中氨氮的研究进展及实际应用,并对大规模处理养殖污水方面提出了一些思考和展望,期望在今后的研究工作中能够探索出高效率、低成本、无二次污染的生物方法处理养殖污水中的氨氮.     

仔猪腹泻防治效果观察

对怀孕母猪注射疫苗、投服药物,使其所产仔猪获得被动免疫,与此同时,对仔猪投服预防性药物,达到预防仔猪腹泻的目的.通过实践,使仔猪腹泻的发病率由35.65%下降到16.79%,死亡率由10.8%下降到0.98%,取得了较好的防治效果.     

兔球虫病药物防治研究进展

兔球虫病是严重危害养兔业发展的寄生虫病之一。长期以来,兔球虫病主要依靠化学药物和中草药等进行防治,由于球虫极易产生耐药性,给药物防治带来了困难。论文从兔球虫生物学特性、防治兔球虫病的药物等方面做一综述。     

幼犬佝偻病的诊断与防治

幼犬佝偻病是指由于维生素D缺乏及钙磷代谢障碍所致的骨营养不良.本病多发于1月龄～3月龄幼犬,临床上主要以生长发育迟缓、消化紊乱、骨骼发育异常等为特征.论文结合临床,就该病的诊断方法和防治措施进行总结与讨论.     

Effects of treating rice straw with urea or urea and calcium hydroxide upon intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation and milk yield of dairy cows

Three, multiparous Holstein crossbred dairy cows with initial body weight of 385 ± 19 kg were randomly allocated to 3 treatments of rice straw (T1 = untreated rice straw; T2 = 5.5% urea-treated rice straw (5 g urea in 100 ml water to 100 g air-dry (91% DM) straw); T3 = 2.2% urea + 2.2% calcium hydroxide treated rice straw (2.0 g urea and 2.0 g Ca(OH)₂ in 100 ml to 100 g air-dry (91% DM) straw) according to a 3 × 3 Latin square design. Each period lasted for 21 days in which feed, feces and rumen fluid were collected during the last 7 days for chemical analyses. The findings revealed significant improvements in dry matter intake and digestibility by using 5.5% urea-treated rice straw and 2.2% urea + 2.2% calcium hydroxide treated rice straw. Ruminal pH and NH₃-N were found higher (P < 0.05) as compared with urea-treated rice straw fed group, while blood urea nitrogen and milk urea nitrogen were in normal ranges. Volatile fatty acid concentrations especially those of acetic acid were decreased (P < 0.05) and those of propionic acid were increased (P < 0.05), thus acetic acid:propionic acid was subsequently lowered (P < 0.05) in cows fed with 5.5% urea-treated rice straw and 2.2% urea + 2.2% calcium hydroxide treated rice straw, respectively. Moreover, ruminal viable and cellulolytic bacterial counts were enhanced by urea and calcium hydroxide treatments. Milk protein and fat concentrations were additionally increased by respective treatments while 3.5% fat-corrected milk was highest; ranking from 2.2% urea + 2.2% calcium hydroxide treated rice straw, 5.5% urea-treated rice straw and urea-treated rice straw fed groups. Based on this study, implications could be made that using 2.2% urea + 2.2% calcium hydroxide treated rice straw for straw treatment could be an alternative treatment to 5.5% urea treatment with regards to its effectiveness and treatment cost for lactating dairy cows.     

Effect of drying methods on the discoloration of three major domestic softwood species in Korea

1 Introduction Three major softwood species in Korea are Japanese pine (Pinus densiflora), Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) and larch (Larix leptolepis) which have been used for traditional buildings and furniture for a long period of time. They are easily discolored due to drying and UV irradiation. It has been observed that the discoloration varies with different drying methods and the extent of UV irradiation (Mottonen and Luostarinen, 2001; Kang, 2003). To prevent beech from discolorat…     

絮凝-纳米TiO2光催化氧化法处理造纸废水的研究

应用絮凝-纳米 TiO_2光催化氧化法对造纸废水进行了处理,并对其处理工艺进行了研究。讨论了在常温下,混凝过程中 Al_2(SO_4)_3的投加量和废水 pH 值以及纳米光催化氧化过程中纳米 TiO_2投加量、H_2O_2投加量和光照时间等因素对造纸废水的 COD 去除率的影响。结果表明,造纸废水的 COD 去除率达到95%以上,pH 值6.82,造纸废水的各项指标达到了排放标准。     

城市富营养化湖泊综合治理——以武汉北太子湖为例

应用"污染源控制+水生态修复+水质提升"综合技术治理北太子湖,为城市富营养化湖泊的治理提供技术体系和示范。北太子湖规划蓝线水面面积52.6 hm~2,湖岸线长5km,平均水深1.8 m,工程前水质整体为劣V类,治理目标是湖水水质达到地表水IV类。2018年3月-2019年2月,通过实施污水管网改造、初期雨水调蓄池修建、生态植草沟构建、污染底泥疏浚、湖体水生态系统构建、旁路人工湿地水体提标等工程措施,COD、TN、TP的去除率分别为58.14%、83.18%、90.91%;2019年6-8月水体COD、TN、TP连续3个月达到地表水IV类标准。建议在水生态修复工程完工后,投加一些生态环保型的水质净化剂,提升水体透明度,促进沉水植物快速生长繁殖以发挥净化水质的功能。     

DPC拌种对玉米幼苗形态和抗旱性的影响

以玉米杂交种郑单958为材料,研究缩节安(DPC)拌种对玉米幼苗形态和抗旱性的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,播种前以种子∶水∶缩节安∶羧甲基纤维素=20∶1∶0.05∶0.02(重量比)的比例拌种,能够显著增加玉米幼苗的根冠比,提高玉米幼苗根系活力。10%的PEG模拟干旱处理3d和盆栽控水7d后,DPC拌种的幼苗根系和叶片的超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、过氧化物岐化酶(POD)的活性均高于对照,丙二醛(MDA)含量低于对照,根系和叶片脱落酸(ABA)、细胞分裂素(CTK)、赤霉素(GAs)含量也存在差异。因此,DPC拌种有助于培育壮苗,提高玉米苗期的抗旱性。