豆科植物杀线虫活性的研究应用进展

归纳了豆科杀线虫植物及其防治线虫的种类,总结了应用植物提取物、植物干粉和利用间作或轮作方式防治线虫的应用研究现状,并对豆科杀线虫植物活性成分国内外研究情况进行了综述.     

Improvement of legumes by exploring extra-specific genetic variation

Summary Genetic improvement of legumes is a major on-going challenge for plant breeders. Outlined in this review are the main reasons why such increased extra-specific genetic variation is required, particularly in the developing world. With the development of new methods of plant genetic manipulation it is necessary to assess the relative merits of all approaches now available. To help the plant breeder in this respect we have in this review comprehensively described these conventional and unconventional procedures with particular reference to economically important legumes.supported by the Royal Society Commonwealth Bursary.     

Proteinase inhibitor polymorphism in the genus Vigna subgenus Ceratotropis and its biosystematic implications

The diversity of components for fourproteinase inhibitors found in species ofthe genus Vigna subgenus Ceratotropis are described. Trypsin,chymotrypsin, subtilisin and cysteineproteinase inhibitors were analyzedby isoelectric focusing followed by thegelatin replica method. Of these proteinaseinhibitors, trypsin inhibitors showedmost polymorphism both within and betweenspecies. Many trypsin inhibitor componentswere also active to chymotrypsin. Severalaccessions had very low levels or absenceof some inhibitors, such as very low levelsof trypsin inhibitor in two accessions ofthe V. tenuicaulis and absence ofchymotrypsin inhibitors in V.grandiflora and V. subramaniana.Proteinase inhibitor polymorphism broadlyagreed with the taxonomic system for thesubgenus Ceratotropis. Based oninhibitor variation species analyzed couldbe divided into three groups whichcorresponding to sections Aconitifoliae, Angulares and Ceratotropis. Some species have verylittle variation in trypsin inhibitorsdespite wide distribution, such as, V.radiata and V. reflexo-pilosa.Accessions of other species showedconsiderable intraspecific variation fortrypsin inhibitors, such as, V.grandiflora, V. aconitifolia andV. stipulacea. Proteinase inhibitorpolymorphism provides an indication of thespecies that may have contributed a genometo the tetraploid species, V. reflexo-pilosa.     

豆科种实害虫生物防治研究进展

简述了危害豆科植物种实的几种蛀食性害虫种类及危害特征,回顾了种实害虫的生物防治措施,重点介绍了天敌、病原微生物、生物防治植物和昆虫性信息素等方面的研究进展,提出了当前豆科种实害虫生物防治中存在的问题以及今后的防治重点。