小麦蓝矮植原体免疫膜蛋白（Imp）基因的克隆和分子特性分析

 【目的】探讨小麦蓝矮植原体免疫膜蛋白在介体-病原-寄主互作的分子机理。【方法】通过植原体免疫膜蛋白基因序列两侧的保守区设计引物对Imp 1051/Imp 2265,用PCR方法扩增小麦蓝矮植原体免疫膜蛋白基因;对扩增片段的最大开放阅读框和基因的同源矩阵、系统发育树分析;对克隆基因所编码蛋白进行跨膜区、亲疏水区和前导信号序列分析。【结果】从小麦蓝矮病病株和接种长春花中均扩增到约1.0 kb的特异片段,其中小麦蓝矮植原体免疫膜蛋白基因长495 bp,推导的编码蛋白含有164个氨基酸。与10种植原体的免疫膜蛋白基因进行序列同源性分析,小麦蓝矮与三叶草绿变植原体同源性最高,核苷酸和编码的氨基酸序列的同源率分别为98.4％和95.1％。蛋白质结构分析结果表明：小麦蓝矮免疫膜蛋白N端有一个跨膜的前导信号序列,C端为跨膜锚定区,中间为膜外亲水区。【结论】小麦蓝矮植原体与三叶草绿变、翠菊黄化、洋葱黄化和泡桐丛枝植原体的免疫膜蛋白为同型蛋白。     

水貂肠道枯草芽孢杆菌的分离及16S rRNA鉴定

为了获得水貂的有益菌种,及研制毛皮动物益生菌制剂提供基础,并为进一步深入研究枯草芽孢杆菌提供参考,从健康水貂的肠道中分离纯化出1株枯草芽孢杆菌,编号为 P2,通过形态学观察、生理生化试验以及16S rRNA 序列分析及同源性比较进行综合鉴定,结果显示菌株 P2与菌株 Bacillus subtilis CICC 10023（GU980947.1）亲缘关系最近,同源性达到了99.9%,因此鉴定 P2菌株为枯草芽孢杆菌。     

嗜肾型鸡传染性支气管炎病毒W93疫苗株S1基因的克隆与序列测定

根据国外已发表的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）S1基因序列，设计了两对引物并以RT－PCR特异性扩增出嗜肾型IBV W93疫苗株的S1基因，基因产物大小为1.62kb，与设计相符，对其进行序列测定后，与标准毒株H52、H120、M41、BEAU株的S1基因进行同源性比较，结果表明，W93株与H52、H120、M41和BEAU株的核苷酸序列的同源性分别为96．8％、97．1％、96．9％和96．8％，由此可以看出嗜肾型IBV W93疫苗株与标准毒株在S1基因上具有高度的同源性。     

致病性不同的大豆花叶病毒分离物外壳蛋白的基因序列分析

鉴定了致病性差异明显的6个大豆花叶病毒分离物，对这些分离物外壳蛋白（CP）基因进行了测序。6个分离物CP基因全长均为795bp，推测的CP全长均为265个氨基酸残基。序列同源性比较表明，症状反应相同的各SMV分离物间，CP基因核苷酸和推测的氨基酸序列同源性分别为98.2%～99.6%、99.6%～100.0%；而症状反应不同的分离物间，CP基因核苷酸和推测的氨基酸序列同源性分别为90.4%～96.7%和97.7%～99.6%。结果显示，致病范围相近的分离物，序列同源性较高。     

烟曲霉脱乙酰几丁质酶cDNA的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中表达的研究

将烟曲霉的一种胞外脱乙酰几丁质酶（AF CSN）纯化,并测定该酶N-端氨基酸的序列。用此序列推测的寡核苷酸引物扩增得到脱乙酰几丁质酶（csn）的cDNA,其全长为804bp,编码一种251个氨基酸的单肽,对csn的序列比较分析表明,它与茄病镰刀菌在两个区域具有同源性,这两个区域分别有重复天冬氨酸及苏氨酸残基,这说明它与细菌具有相同的演化起源。cns与已知的细菌脱乙酰几丁质酶没有同源性,Southern杂交分析显示,cns在烟曲霉基因组中的单拷贝的。用质粒栽体pET28a(t),csn cDNA被导入E.coli中得到csn的融合蛋白,在IPTG诱导下,E.coli细胞中可获得大量的约28kDa的成熟蛋白。     

平凉市菜田土壤重金属累积程度及同源相关性研究

以平凉市蔬菜产地为研究区域,于2004—2011年抽取土壤样品147点(次),测定重金属As、Hg、Pb、Cr、Cd的含量。以甘肃省主要农业土壤环境地球化学背景值为参考标准,应用地累积指数法划分出不同土类样点土壤重金属累积程度,结果只有1个样点的综合地累积指数达到1级,属轻度累积,其余146个样点综合地累积指数均小于零,属无累积状态,说明平凉市菜田土壤重金属累积总体上处于安全水平。对147个样点(次)土壤的5种重金属含量的相关性进行了分析,表明Hg与其它元素之间无相关关系,与其它重金属不同源,累积过程和来源途径是单独和独立的;Cd与Cr也没有相关性,累积过程和来源途径不同源;其余重金属之间累积过程和来源途径存在高度的同源性。     

半夏凝集素基因的克隆及转基因烟草对蚜虫的抑制作用

采用同源序列克隆方法,通过设计特异性引物从甘肃西和半夏叶片基因组DNA中克隆到1条1 069 bp的半夏凝集素基因pta,与以同科内植物的mRNA为模板扩增得到的凝集素基因序列的同源性很高,达到98%以上,功能区完整,具有1条信号肽和3个甘露糖结合区,GenBank登录号AY725425。用该基因替换pBI121载体的GUS基因,正向插入35S启动子之下,构建了植物表达载体pBI-pta。通过农杆菌介导法转化烟草,从20株Kan抗性植株中得到PCR检测阳性植株14株,证明pta已整合到烟草基因组中。对随机挑取的7株PCR阳性植株进行了抗蚜虫(Myzus persicae)筛选试验,结果表明:不同株系蚜口密度抑制率在22.5%~89.4%,平均蚜口密度抑制率56.2%。     

一株亚硝酸盐降解菌的分离鉴定

为寻找对亚硝酸盐具有高效降解能力、稳定和安全的优良菌株,采用亚硝酸盐氧化细菌(Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria,NOB)富集、分离技术从湖州某水域淤泥中分离得到一株纯培养菌株N3。提取细菌的总DNA,利用细菌16S rDNA特异性引物进行多聚酶链反应(PCR)扩增;扩增产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳和Sanger末端终止法测序分析,用NCBI-Blast软件将测序结果在Genbank等数据库中进行同源性检索。结果表明,N3的DNA扩增产物片断大小为1441bp,测序结果经检索证实N3与标准菌株Cellulosimicrobium cellulans(AY665978.1)16S rDNA保守性片段有100%的同源性,可以判定所分离得到的N3菌株为纤维单胞菌属的纤维化纤维单胞菌(Cellulosimicrobium cellulans)。     

Homology modeling and functional annotation of bubaline pregnancy associated glycoprotein 2

Background: Pregnancy associated glycoproteins form a diverse family of glycoproteins that are variably expressed at different stages of gestation. They are probably involved in immunosuppression of the dam against the feto- maternal placentome. The presence of the products of binucleate cells in maternal circulation has also been correlated with placentogenesis and placental re-modeling. The exact structure and function of the gene product is unknown due to limitations on obtaining purified pregnancy associated glycoprotein preparations. Results: Our study describes an in silico derived 3D model for bubaline pregnancy associated glycoprotein 2. Structure-activity features of the protein were characterized, and functional studies predict bubaline pregnancy associated glycoprotein 2 as an inducible, extra-cellular, non-essential, N-glycosylated, aspartic pro-endopeptidase that is involved in down-regulation of complement pathway and immunity during pregnancy. The protein is also predicted to be involved in nutritional processes, and apoptotic processes underlying fetal morphogenesis and re- modeling of feto-maternal tissues. Conclusion: The structural and functional annotation of buPAG2 shall allow the designing of mutants and inhibitors for dissection of the exact physiological role of the protein.     

Homology modeling and functional annotation of bubaline pregnancy associated glycoprotein 2

Background

Pregnancy associated glycoproteins form a diverse family of glycoproteins that are variably expressed at different stages of gestation. They are probably involved in immunosuppression of the dam against the feto-maternal placentome. The presence of the products of binucleate cells in maternal circulation has also been correlated with placentogenesis and placental re-modeling. The exact structure and function of the gene product is unknown due to limitations on obtaining purified pregnancy associated glycoprotein preparations.

Results

Our study describes an in silico derived 3D model for bubaline pregnancy associated glycoprotein 2. Structure-activity features of the protein were characterized, and functional studies predict bubaline pregnancy associated glycoprotein 2 as an inducible, extra-cellular, non-essential, N-glycosylated, aspartic pro-endopeptidase that is involved in down-regulation of complement pathway and immunity during pregnancy. The protein is also predicted to be involved in nutritional processes, and apoptotic processes underlying fetal morphogenesis and re-modeling of feto-maternal tissues.

Conclusion

The structural and functional annotation of buPAG2 shall allow the designing of mutants and inhibitors for dissection of the exact physiological role of the protein.