Biocontrol of vascular wilt and corm rot of gladiolus caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli using plant growth promoting rhizobacterial mixture

Talc-based formulations of plant growth promoting rhizobacterial strain S2BC-2 (Bacillus atrophaeus) and strain mixture, S2BC-2 + TEPF-Sungal (Burkholderia cepacia), inhibitory to the growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli (FOG), were developed for corm dressing and soil application in gladiolus. In comparison to the individual strain, the strain mixture recorded maximum spike and corm production of 100 and 150%, respectively with less vascular wilt and corm rot incidences of 73.6 and 54.8% reduction over the pathogen control in greenhouse when inoculated with FOG. Reduction in disease incidence under greenhouse conditions occurred through induction of defence gene products such as chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase. Besides disease suppression, treatment with strain mixture promoted plant growth in terms of enhanced corm and cormel production and flowering. In field experiments, the strain mixture recorded less vascular wilt and corm rot incidences of 48.6 and 46.1% mean reduction over the non-bacterised control, and was almost comparable with that of fungicide (51.5 and 47.1%, respectively). The treatment also recorded increased spike and corm yield with average increases of 58.3 and 27.4%, respectively, relative to the control.     

榆紫叶甲病原菌分离及生防菌的筛选与鉴定

[目的]探寻防治榆紫叶甲病的生防菌株。[方法]从榆紫叶甲虫体上分离菌株后进行培养,并对室内饲养的榆紫叶甲各龄幼虫进行致病性试验。[结果]从感病榆紫叶甲成虫虫体上分离到18个菌株,其中12个菌株具有几丁质和蛋白质降解活性。5个菌株对1~2龄幼虫表现出不同程度的致病力,在接种后1~3 d幼虫开始死亡,处理后7 d幼虫的累积死亡率为21.2%~46.8%,其中YJA-03和YJA-10菌株的累积死亡率30.0%。YJA-03菌株为革兰氏阳性菌,经过形态学、生理生化特性和PCR扩增鉴定确定它属于短杆菌属(Exiguobacterium)。YJA-10菌株为革兰氏阴性菌,经鉴定其属于Glutamicibacter属。[结论]YJA-03和YJA-10菌株可用作防治榆紫叶甲病的生防菌。     

Electrocardiographic,echocardiographic, and left atrial strain imaging features of a dog with atrial flutter and third-degree atrioventricular block

A 14-year-old American Staffordshire terrier was presented for episodes of exercise-induced syncope. At admission, atrial flutter coupled to third-degree atrioventricular block was diagnosed electrocardiographically. On the second day of hospitalization, surface electrocardiogram revealed spontaneous conversion to sinus rhythm with persistence of atrioventricular block. Complete transthoracic echocardiograms were performed after each electrocardiographic examination. The combined use of conventional echocardiography with tissue Doppler imaging-based modalities allowed to investigate the atrial electromechanical correlation and function during typical atrial flutter and after its resolution.     

植物饼渣液体有机肥生产关键技术研究进展

以植物饼渣为主要原料,运用生物技术和物理化学方法相应设计了生产液体有机肥完整的工艺流程。文章主要介绍了目标营养元素的确定、水解条件的优化、蛋白酶产生菌种的培育以及大量营养元素强化等技术,针对各种控制方法,阐述了其原理、应用条件及研究进展情况,提出了低成本规模化制作植物液体有机肥的新思路,为有机肥料的资源化利用提供了参考。     

耐酸性α-淀粉酶的研究进展

概述了耐酸性α-淀粉酶的产生菌的来源、先进的粗酶分离纯化技术以及酸性α-淀粉酶的特性,介绍了国内外获得高产酶菌株的研究进展并阐述了耐酸性α-淀粉酶的应用潜力和开发前景。     

荷兰引进双孢蘑菇品种比较筛选试验初报

为了引进筛选适宜北京地区种植的双孢蘑菇新品种,本试验将7205、7206、7207、7215、7219五个荷兰双孢蘑菇品种与目前当地的主栽品种258,在菌丝生长、产量和品质等方面进行了综合比较。结果表明,7206出菇最早,产量最高,但其薄皮菇较多,易开伞,品质较差。7205和7207与对照相比,出菇性状和产量品质都没有优势。通过综合性状比较,7215兼具出菇较早,产量较高,品质较好的特性。其次为7219,初步认为二者可以用作258的替代品种。     

木霉共培养发酵对黄瓜枯萎病的防治效果

为明确深绿木霉HB20111和哈茨木霉TW21990共培养发酵对黄瓜枯萎病的防治作用,采用对峙培养法观察两菌株的亲和性,通过浸种抑菌萌发试验筛选共培养发酵的最佳条件,并在温室条件下验证其生防效果.结果表明:在PDA平板上25℃对峙培养5 d,两株木霉亲和性较好.两菌株等量接种发酵培养基,25℃、130 r/min振荡培...     

禽流感H9亚型SD696株疫苗生产工艺改进试验

分别采用10日龄和12日龄SPF鸡胚增殖禽流感H9亚型SD696株病毒,并改变后孵化温度,将死亡高峰期、最终死亡率、平均单胚收获量、尿囊液血凝价HA、病毒含量EID50进行对比,结果表明用12日龄SPF鸡胚比用10日龄SPF鸡胚增殖禽流感H9亚型SD696株病毒,死亡高峰期推迟12-24 h,最终死亡率、尿囊液的HA和EID50无差异,平均单胚收获量提高了2-3mL。35℃培养比37℃培养鸡胚死亡高峰期延迟、最终死亡率降低、平均单胚收获量提高、尿囊液的血凝价HA及病毒含量EID50偏高。选择12日龄SPF鸡胚,35℃培养温度为生产工艺,既提高疫苗产量,降低成本,又能够提高产品的质量。     

安徽省姜瘟病菌鉴定

从安徽省舒城、临泉、全椒、铜陵和桐城等县取得十个分离菌,以南京农大提供的姜瘟茵(Pseudomonas solanacearum,ZO 12)菌株为对照,进行致病性、生理生化试验和血清学测验,鉴定结果均属于青枯假单孢菌Pseudomonas solanacearum生物型Ⅳ。姜瘟是我省姜区生产上的严重病害。据1984—1986年对我省主要栽姜区舒城、铜陵、临泉等县市调查,由于姜瘟病为害,常年减产达20—30%,重病年达50—70%,个别区块受害率甚至更高。姜瘟为害,不仅引起减产,且降低品质,影响加工外销,严重挫伤姜农生产积极性。本试验目的为明确我省姜瘟病病原,以期为今后制订防治措施提供参考。故对从舒城、铜陵、临泉、全椒、桐城等五县市分得的菌株进行了鉴定。因任欣正等(1981),吕庆凤等(1983),夏德鑫等(1984),分别对江苏、山东、浙江等地姜瘟病菌进行鉴定,证明均为青枯假单孢菌Pseudomonas Solanacearum (Smith) Smith。故本试验亦为明确我省姜瘟病菌是否和上述三者相同。