Protective antibody response produced by the chickens vaccinated with green coloured thermostable Newcastle disease virus

The efficacy of green-coloured (GC) I-2 Newcastle disease vaccine was determined in the present study. I-2 vaccine was mixed with a green coloured dye and stored at 4°C for 6 months while assayed for the virus infectivity at a monthly interval. Chickens were vaccinated with the GC vaccine by eye drop. Serum samples were collected from all birds before and after vaccination at weekly interval for 4 weeks and tested for haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody against Newcastle disease virus (NDV). These chickens were challenged with NDV virulent strain four weeks after vaccination. The results showed that there was no difference between the infectivity titres of GC and uncoloured vaccines. However, chickens vaccinated with GC vaccine produced higher HI antibody titres than chickens vaccinated with uncoloured vaccine. Results from the challenge trial showed that all vaccinated chickens survived whereas all unvaccinated chickens died. The findings from this study have shown that the GC vaccine is safe and produced protective antibodies against NDV in vaccinated chickens. Wambura, P. N., 2008. Protective antibody response produced by the chickens vaccinated with green coloured thermostable Newcastle disease virus. Tropical Animal Health and Production.     

Results from an indirect fluorescent antibody test using three different strains of Ehrlichia canis

An indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test is usually performed to detect antibodies in dogs naturally infected by Ehrlichia canis. In this work, results obtained using three different E. canis strains as antigen (a commercial antigen, the E. canis Oklahoma strain and the E. canis Madrid strain) were compared. One hundred and forty-nine serum samples obtained from dogs living in the centre of Spain were analysed. When qualitative results were evaluated, identical results were detected in 87.2% of samples for the three antigens tested. When comparing antibody titre results, differences between the Madrid strain and the commercial antigen, and between the Madrid and Oklahoma strains were statistically significant (P < 0.0001). No differences were found when comparing the Oklahoma strain with the commercial antigen (P = 0.562). Subtle intra-laboratory variations shown in this study suggest a higher sensitivity of the IFA test when an autochthonous strain is used as antigen.     

饲养密度对罗曼粉祖代种母鸡产蛋性能的影响

选择73周龄经过强制换羽的健康罗曼粉B系和D系祖代蛋种鸡各180只,分别分为3组,每个单笼(38cm×36cm)内分别放置4、3和2只,每只鸡占有的笼底面积相应为342、456和684cm2,其他各项饲养管理条件相同,以研究饲养密度对罗曼粉祖代种母鸡产蛋性能的影响。结果表明:饲养密度与鸡群的产蛋率和种蛋合格率呈负相关,随着饲养密度的降低,鸡群的产蛋率和种蛋合格率不断提高;品系母鸡对饲养密度的反应相似。     

草本纤维提取专用复合酶工程菌株的构建

[目的]研究如何构建草本纤维提取工程菌株。[方法]用PCR扩增的方法获得甘露聚糖酶、果胶酶和木聚糖酶DNA片段,连到载体上,获得单质酶表达载体,依次将单质酶载体转入大肠杆菌JM109中,使其共存于同一宿主细胞。[结果]获得了一个果胶酶新基因（EU597234） 得到了能同时产甘露聚糖酶、果胶酶、木聚糖酶3种酶的复合酶工程菌株。[结论]草本纤维生物提取是一个复杂的生物反应过程,构建草本纤维提取菌株既要考虑菌株所产的酶又要考虑菌株本身的生物学特性。     

适应松杉木屑栽培香菇新菌株宁香8号菌丝拮抗性测定

选用L系列、F系列10个有代表性的香菇菌株,进行对适应松杉木屑栽培香菇新菌株宁香8号的拮抗性测定,试验结果表明:宁香8号与L系列和F系列菌株之间有极明显的拮抗作用;L系列菌株间存在的拮抗线比较明显或明显,F系列菌株间存在的拮抗线比较明显,L系列同F系列间存在明显的拮抗线,表明宁香8号与L系列、F系列10个菌株无亲缘关系,属于不同类菌株。     

微生物发酵法生产2,3-丁二醇瓶颈因素分析

2,3-丁二醇（2,3-Butanediol）是一种极具价值的化工原料和液体燃料,应用广泛。许多微生物都能代谢产生2,3-丁二醇,但产率有差异。本文着重从发酵菌株、代谢途径、发酵底物、发酵工艺以及分离提取方法等方面概述了微生物发酵法生产2,3-丁二醇的研究进展,并讨论了2,3-丁二醇发酵过程中存在的问题和瓶颈因素。指出应从选育理想菌株出发,并对2,3-丁二醇的生化代谢途径中不同酶的动力学进行针对性的研究,以廉价的发酵底物及高效节能的分离纯化工艺进行发酵工艺优化,在此基础上进一步对2,3-丁二醇的系列衍生物进行开发应用,以降低生产成本,提高2,3-丁二醇的产量。     

阿维菌素高产工业菌株的推理选育研究

[目的]通过推理选育,获得高产的阿维菌素工业生产菌种。[方法]以Biok AV-023为出发菌株,首先采用常规紫外诱变筛选出正突变菌株,再通过添加L-异亮氨酸诱导推理选育方法选育高产阿维菌素生产菌株。[结果]经紫外诱变和L-Ile定向筛选表明,L-Ile筛选浓度以0.5%最佳,经复筛后获得的高产突变菌株AV60s-32最高效价可达4 520 IU/ml,与出发菌株相比提高了23.4%。[结论]采用紫外诱变和L-Ile推理选育相结合的方法可有效提高阿维菌素菌种发酵效价。     

微生物絮凝剂产生菌的筛选及其絮凝活性研究

[目的]筛选出具有高絮凝活性的微生物产生菌,并观察研究微生物产生菌的外观形貌,并确定微生物产生菌的最佳培养条件。[方法]分别从土壤、活性污泥、食品厂污水和垃圾渗滤液中筛选出具有絮凝活性的菌株若干,然后在不同的培养基条件下通过富集培养、平板分离、纯化培养和复筛,筛选出具有高絮凝活性的菌种。在显微镜下观察菌种的形貌。最后考察了培养温度、培养时间和摇床转速对絮凝效果的影响,对培养条件进行了优化。[结果]从土壤、活性污泥、食品厂污水和垃圾渗滤液中筛选出具有絮凝活性的菌种8株,然后在不同的培养基条件下通过富集培养、平板分离、纯化培养和复筛等,筛选出絮凝活性超过90%菌种2株,在显微镜下初步鉴定为杆菌。以絮凝活性最高的F-4为例,该菌产絮凝剂的最佳培养条件为：培养时间56 h、培养温度30℃、摇床转速150 r/min。[结论]在该条件下,F-4菌株对高岭土悬浊液的絮凝率达到93.1%。     

康宁木霉T_2菌株防治根结线虫的应用方法研究

[目的]为解除土壤抑菌作用,提高康宁木霉T2菌株防治根结线虫效果。[方法]室内试验分别测定T2菌株对根结线虫卵的寄生能力,T2菌种发酵液的杀根结线虫幼虫活性,T2菌株分解秸秆及其在土壤中的定殖能力;并通过盆栽试验测定不同土壤处理对番茄根结线虫病害的防治效果。[结果]T2菌株对根结线虫卵的寄生能力强,其代谢物有一定的杀根结线虫幼虫活性;T2菌株能快速降解秸秆,土壤碳氮源对秸秆降解有很大的影响;在添加秸秆粉和乳酸后,T2菌株在土壤中的定殖能力较强。盆栽试验结果表明,在有秸秆粉及乳酸存在的条件下,T2菌株防治番茄根结线虫病害效果达76.4%。[结论]康宁木霉T2菌株与草粉和乳酸联合使用防治根结线虫效果显著,具有一定的田间应用前景。     

一株抗铜细菌的分离及其生物学特性的初步研究

[目的]从受铜污染的土壤中分离抗铜细菌。[方法]采集玉林市受铜污染的土壤9份,在培养基中加入不同浓度的Cu^2＋,经过不断的分离和驯化筛选耐铜细菌,根据其形态特征和生理生化特征进行初步鉴定,并对其生物学特性进行了初步研究,包括生长曲线的测定、pH值和渗透压对其生长的影响;采用原子吸收分光光度法检测培养时间和pH值对该菌株去除Cu^2＋能力的影响。[结果]在玉林市德兴造纸厂排污口附近的土壤中筛选出一株耐铜细菌。编号为RCBl,其耐Cu^2＋水平迭500mg／L;根据其形态和生理生化特征初步鉴定该菌为生丝微菌属Hyphomicrobium;该茵在pH4～8生长良好,其中最适生长pH为6．0—7．2,在1％NaCI下生长良好。该菌株在培养24h、pH为7时,Cu^2＋去除率达到76％。[结论]不仅丰富了抗铜微生物方面的研究,也为铜污染水、土壤修复等工业化生产提供了重要菌株。