General Nexus Between Water and Electricity Use and Its Implication for Urban Agricultural Sustainability:A Case Study of Shenzhen, South China

Although water and energy resources are well-recognized concerns regarding economic and social development sustainability, little specific research has focused on both water and energy problems at the same time. This study analyzed the water and electricity-use patterns in Shenzhen, South China during 2001-2009. A curve regression method was used to examine the relationship between water and electricity use per gross domestic product (GDP) in Shenzhen and its three sectors, i.e., agriculture, industry & construction, and residential life & services. Results showed that agriculture only covered less than 10% of water and electricity use in Shenzhen, while industry & construction and residential life & services accounted for more than 90% of water and electricity use in Shenzhen, which coincided with the city’s industrial structure. The water and electricity use per GDP in agriculture was the biggest among three sectors in Shenzhen during 2001-2009, which means inefficiency of water and electricity use in agriculture. Due to transitioning to advanced materials and manufacturing, both water and electricity use per GDP in industry & construction decreased during 2001-2009 and their utilization efficiencies gradually increased over time. The same held true for those in residential life & services transformed toward modern business, creative culture, finance services, etc. Derived from the survival of the fittest in competing for limited water and electricity resources, agriculture in Shenzhen has been gradually substituted by industry & construction and residential life & services, with much higher efficiencies of water and electricity use. And traditional agriculture will not be sustainable in the process of urbanization and industrialization, except high-tech intensive agriculture with low water and energy cost. Furthermore, by means of curve regression, we found that there was a significant quadratic relationship between water use per GDP and electricity use per GDP in the entire city and its three sectors. Suitable industrial transformation and advancement was a very effective way to save water and energy for modern cities. This can provide some reference for systematic planning and design of water and electricity allocation and use in agriculture, industry & construction and residential life & services in a city.     

低频电流处理种子防治玉米小斑病研究

玉米小斑病(Bipolarismaydis)是玉米上的1种重要病害,近年来发生愈来愈重。2002～2005年参照电处理种子具有刺激作物生长、增强抗逆力、提高产量的原理,引用作为防治玉米小斑病的措施之一,进行了试验研究。结果表明,低频电流处理种子有促进生长、抑制病情发展、提高产量的作用。     

小水电工程施工期环境监理研究:以乐东县富光水电站为例

小水电工程施工对生态环境的影响是严重的，通过施工期环境监理，实施合理的环境保护措施，有效监管小水电施工期中的环境影响行为，将有效地使生态环境影响降到最低。富光水电站工程施工期引入环境监理后，从遵循自然规律和生态学原理、维护良好的生态环境出发，确保工程完工后，大大减免了工程施工期对生态环境带来的负面影响，取得社会、经济和生态效益的协调、统一、共赢。     

高校节能型的水电管理之我见

节能是我国经济和社会发展的一项长远战略方针，也是当前一项极为紧迫的任务，随着社会各项事业的长足发展，水、电、气、地等各种资源、能源消费需求与供给的矛盾日趋突出。节能型高校是宏观政府运用科学发展观，建立和谐社会在高校领域的一个长远规划，它需要从整体上建立高等学校校园运行节能监管体系。     

香椿种子发芽率测定方法的研究

测定香椿种子发芽率有物理，生理，生化等方法。用直观法，红四氮唑（TTC）染色法，蓝墨水染色法，导电法，吸胀状态测定法对香椿种子的发芽率进行了测定研究，结果表明：用TTC，蓝墨水染色法测定香椿种子的发芽率，测定迅速，方法简便，容易掌握，结果可靠，是较为理想的测定方法，值得推广。     

Preslaughter electrical stunning of eels

The current procedures for slaughtering European eels (Anguilla anguilla) for food are very slow and cause suffering. Although there is little legislation for protecting the welfare of fish at slaughter, the legislation covering farmed mammals and birds at slaughter is well defined, requiring that these animals be rendered insensible immediately or without fear or pain prior to being killed. For many mammals and birds this can be achieved using an electrical stun, which is then followed by a procedure that actually kills them, such as exsanguination. This paper reports the investigation of the possibility of using electricity to stun eels, rendering them insensible to pain. Using 1 s duration alternating currents at 50 Hz applied directly across the head of the fish, it was shown that it was possible to stun the fish with currents of 0.1 A and above. Increasing the applied current increased the length of the period of the stun. When the duration of the application of the current was increased to 30 s it was found that the fish could be killed using currents between 0.50 A and 0.95 A. These results show that it is possible to use electricity to instantly stun eels and also to kill them by using longer duration currents. The use of preslaughter electrical stunning at slaughter could allow the welfare of these fish at slaughter to be improved greatly.     

住宅电气设计中配电线路的过流保护

本文论述了住宅电气设计中低压配电线路的短路保护、过负载保护及系统中上下级断路器的 选择。     

刨花板厂设计和生产运行中的节电工作探索

节电是实现经济增长方式转变的重大措施。因此在刨花板厂的设计和生产运行中必须优化工艺流程，采用高效节电设备、强化节电组织措施，使设备装机容量和单位产品电耗减少，达到节电的目的。     

双氯醇胺对山羊胃肠电活动及运动的影响

采用在瘤胃背囊、皱胃幽门部和十二指肠近端安装有双极胃肠电极及应力传感器的土种公山羊 5头 ,按自身对照设计 ,研究了双氯醇胺对山羊胃肠电活动及运动的影响。结果表明 ,β 激动剂双氯醇胺在功能上有与肾上腺素相似的作用 ,即可直接或间接地抑制山羊胃肠道电活动和运动。与对照期相比 ,给山羊皮下注射双氯醇胺后 ,其瘤胃背囊、皱胃幽门部及十二指肠近端的快、慢波电位振幅显著降低 (p <0 0 5) ,瘤胃运动的应力波值极显著减小 (p <0 0 1) ,但快、慢波频率无明显变化。瘤胃运动的应力波值与瘤胃快波电位振幅以及应力波延续时间与快波峰电位数间呈强正相关 (R值分别为 0 94± 0 32和 0 85± 0 2 7)。体外试验结果亦显示 ,双氯醇胺可使离体十二指肠段的快、慢波电位振幅减小 ,张力波值大幅度下降 ,张力曲线变得平滑