青海牦牛肉食用品质及安全性的分析研究

对年龄2周岁左右的12头青海牦牛肉的食用品质及安全性指标进行了系统研究。结果表明：牦牛肉食用品质较好，肉质安全，无污染。具有肌红蛋白含量高、亲水率高、多汁性好，香味浓郁，肉质细嫩，口感适宜等特性。肉中肌红蛋白含量极显著高于黄牛（P＜0．01），肉中重金属元素和有毒有害物质限量均符合GB18406．3和NY5044的要求，是生产优质牛肉制品的原料，也是一种具有较高生物学价值的安全的肉食品，具有很大的开发价值。     

不同食物诱剂对苦瓜园瓜实蝇的诱杀效果

利用蜜糖、红糖、蛋白胨、南瓜作为食物诱剂,研究了不同成分和配方对苦瓜园瓜实蝇的诱杀效果。结果表明,蜜糖液或红糖液添加南瓜饵的诱杀效果显著高于其他诱饵,且这种差异性在苦瓜园外更明显|在3%～10%范围内,红糖液的浓度越高诱杀作用越强,但5%、10%、15%红糖液添加南瓜饵后对成虫的诱杀作用无差异。田间使用中需注意及时更换新鲜诱饵。     

基于稳定同位素技术的天津大神堂海域人工鱼礁区食物网结构研究

本研究对2016年6月在天津大神堂3个礁区(2010年建成的鱼礁区;2012年建成的鱼礁区;2014年建成的鱼礁区)和对照区域采集的生物消费者及其食物源样品的碳、氮稳定同位素组成进行了分析,通过IsoSource模型计算不同区域生物的食物网基础,并利用氮稳定同位素数据计算消费者的营养级。结果显示,根据δ13C值可以将其食物源分为浮游植物、悬浮颗粒有机物(POM)和沉积相颗粒有机物(SOM)三类;浮游植物对消费者的碳源贡献率(67.2%~81.5%)最大,是大神堂海域的生物食物网的基础。不同区域同一食物源的δ13C和δ15N值没有显著性差异;礁区内滤食性贝类毛蚶(Arca subcrenata)、菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)和长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)的δ13C值显著高于对照区,作为潜在碳源的浮游植物对其的贡献率显著增加。消费者的δ15N值则介于7.70‰~14.34‰之间,消费者的营养级介于2.0~3.95级之间。游泳生物食性生物的δ15N和营养级在礁区内有所提高,礁区建成的年份越长,其营养级与对照区域的差别越显著。稳定同位素研究表明,人工鱼礁建设可能导致鱼礁区内滤食性生物的食物来源组成改变,并提高游泳生物食性生物的营养级。     

智能计算在食品安全质量综合评价中的应用研究

食品安全问题关系到广大消费者的健康和利益，目前很多情况下，感官检测被用做初步判断食品是否合格的依据，本文在智能计算的基础上，探讨了利用食品安全质量综合评价指数的科学手段加以纠正感官检测所产生的一些错误；考虑食品的安全状况取决与多项指标，属于模糊事物，本文进一步运用质量指数评分法在综合评价指数法检测的基础上将食品的安全状况划分为不同等级并举例加以说明。     

腐竹揭皮工艺的优化

研究了三偏磷酸钠、谷氨酰胺转胺酶、海藻酸钠食品添加剂对腐竹出品率的影响,并在单因素基础上进行正交试验,结果表明,腐竹揭皮最佳工艺条件为添加0.20%三偏磷酸钠、400 U/kg谷氨酰胺转胺酶、0.30%海藻酸钠,在此条件下,腐竹的出品率可达62.2%。     

乳酸菌的生理功能及其在食品工业中的应用

乳酸菌赋予发酵食品较佳的营养价值和保健功能,因此在发酵食品工业中的应用较为广泛。对乳酸菌的生理功能及其在食品工业中的应用进行综述,为乳酸菌发酵食品的研究和开发提供一定的理论依据,并对乳酸菌在食品工业中的应用前景进行展望。     

玉米胚挤压膨化系统参数优化试验

研究了用于浸油的玉米胚挤压膨化系统参数(模孔孔径、套筒温度、物料含水率、螺杆转速)对各考察指标(粕的残油率、剪切强度及糊底程度)的影响规律．并对其参数进行了优选。同时对最佳参数的膨化玉米胚与传统浸油的轧胚玉米胚、原始玉米胚的显微结构进行对比分析。研究表明：玉米胚挤压膨化系统参数选择合适，浸出时玉米胚不糊筛底，残油率小于0．5％。     

The effect of dietary protein source on growth and carcass composition in juvenile Australian freshwater crayfish

A feed trial was conducted for 12 weeks on juvenile Australian freshwater crayfish (Cherax destructor) (mean weight (SE) 0.82 (0.02)g) maintained on five isoenergetic diets with a protein content of 30%. Diets differed in the primary source of protein used, with meat, snail, soybean, yabby, and zooplankton meals comprising the major protein ingredient, varying from 56–60% of total protein. Mean percentage weight gain per day ranged from 7.57% (yabby meal diet), to 9.42% (snail meal diet). No significant difference occurred in mean weight, percentage weight gain, specific growth rate (%), or survival among diets. A maximum size of 16.44g was attained on the yabby meal diet. Largest mean weight was 8.27g on the snail-based diet. Food conversion ratios were all good, with a minimum value of 0.95 recorded for the snail-based diet. Initial food consumption per day was approximately 5% of mean animal weight, decreasing to around 2.4%, and is collectively described by a power curve. Protein retention ranged from 29.57% in the zooplankton meal diet to 41.15% in the snail-based diet. Carcass composition was influenced by feed type, with the most marked difference occurring in carapace colour. Animals fed the zooplankton-based pellets developed the strongest pigmentation. Recommendations are made for including certain protein-based ingredients in manufactured yabby diets.     

茶树品种、加工工艺、季节对乌龙茶品质影响的研究

研究了茶树品种、加工工艺和季节对乌龙茶品质的影响,结果表明：鲜叶中醇系香气总量有明显的季节性差异,游离态为春季>夏季>秋季,键合态为春季>秋季>夏季;加工过程中,游离态和键合态醇系香气成分呈现不同的动态变化趋势;茶多酚逐渐减少,游离氨基酸含量先增后减,可溶性糖则与氨基酸相反。对干茶样进行感官审评,春茶后期和夏茶前期槠叶种重做青所制茶样具有明显的乌龙茶品质特征。     

Food consumption and selectivity by larval yellowtail kingfish Seriola lalandi cultured at different live feed densities

Live food supply is a key factor contributing to the success of larval fish rearing. However, live food densities vary greatly between fish species and management protocols across fish hatcheries. The growth, survival, food selection and consumption of yellowtail kingfish larvae were examined at different regimes of live food supply in an attempt to identify a suitable live food feeding protocol for larval rearing in marine fish. This study was divided into two feeding phases: rotifer phase from 3 to 14 DPH (phase I) and Artemia nauplii phase from 15 to 22 DPH (phase II). In phase I, four rotifer densities (1, 10, 20 and 40 mL⁻¹) were used. In phase II, Artemia started at 0.8 nauplii mL⁻¹ on 15 DPH, and then the density of Artemia was daily incremented by 50%, 70%, 90% and 110%, respectively, in four treatments from 15 to 22 DPH. In phase I, rotifer density significantly affected larval growth, but not survival. By 7 DPH, the number of rotifers consumed by fish larvae reached 170–260 individuals, but did not significantly differ between rotifer densities. During cofeeding, fish larvae selected against Artemia nauplii by 10 DPH, but by 14 DPH Artemia nauplii became the preferred prey item by fish larvae exposed to the 10, 20 and 40 rotifers mL⁻¹. In phase II, both fish growth and survival were affected by Artemia densities. Fish daily consumption on Artemia by 20 DPH reached 500–600 individuals but did not significantly differ between prey densities. The result suggests that rotifer densities be offered at 20–40 mL⁻¹ before 6 DPH and 10–20 mL⁻¹ afterwards to support larval fish growth and survival. Likewise, Artemia is recommended at a daily increment of 90–110% of 0.8 mL⁻¹ from 15 to 22 DPH. This study proposes a management protocol to use appropriate type and quantity of live food to feed yellowtail kingfish larvae, which could be applicable to larval culture of other similar marine fish species.