重庆地区柑桔衰退病毒多态性研究

柑桔衰退病毒(CTV)存在着复杂的株系分化现象.在使用弱毒株交叉保护防治柑桔衰退病时需要对田间病毒株系组成进行分析,并对选用的株系进行单蚜分离纯化.作者运用限制性片段长度多态性和单链构象多态性对田间获得的168个CTV样品和2个蚜传毒株的外壳蛋白基因进行分析,了解重庆市田间CTV组群构成情况,发现田间CTV以多株系混合发生为主,其中主要是CP/HinfⅠRFLP第1、3和6组群,约占总数的90%,并以强毒株混合感染为主.甜橙中CP/HinfⅠRFLP的组群构成最为复杂.单头褐色桔蚜从柚类至甜橙传播CTV的效率低(不足1%),该蚜的取食可改变CTV的株系组成.     

THE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND RENOVATING PLAN OF THE LOESS PLATEAU AND LIUPANSHAN MOUNTAINOUS AREA IN NINGXIA

<正> 1. The environmental quality of the Loess Plateau and Liupanshan mountainous area in Ningxia The landuse structure in the studied region was very irrational in 1970s, the propor-tions covered by farming, forestry and animal husbandry are separately 50.91%, 6.32% and33.3%. Since 1980s, the farmland has been returned back to forestry and pasture so that the     

Characteristics for Practical Use of Attenuated Isolate UA-Fukushima of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tomato mosaic virus</Emphasis>

L₁₁A-Fukushima (L₁₁A-F) derived from attenuated isolate LuA of Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) has the highest ability to cross protect against virulent ToMV among LuA and its derivatives and is stably inherited. Growth, yield, fruit quality and symptom attenuation of inoculated tomato plants did not differ significantly between L₁₁A-F and L₁₁A. The infectivity of progeny viruses in tomato infected with LuA-F was less than 4% of that with virulent ToMV. From these results, L₁₁A-F appears to possess the properties necessary for practical use. To manage L₁₁A-F strictly, a PCR-based assay to detect trace contamination of virulent ToMV in L₁₁A-F preparations was established. Received 10 June 2002/ Accepted in revised form 30 October 2002     

湖南柑橘衰退病调查分析及弱毒系筛选

 The investigation showed that stem-pitting Citrus tristeza virus (CTV)occurred commonly in citrus production areas in several varieties of Hunan Province. Accurate detection of CTV strains was performed by p23/PCR method, PCR and the results indicated that the most samples were infected with several CTV isolates. Three mild strains were isolated and their pathogenicity was identified by biological identification, it indicated that p23/PCR groups had uniformity with the pathogenicity of CTV isolates. Furthermore, three mild isolates were tested in the cross protection by analysis of biological symptoms and composition of p23 gene. Different protecting effects were observed among these strains and W17 mild isolate was effective.     

Problems of implementing compulsory integrated pest management

Compulsory integrated pest management poses a number of challenges and issues for debate. Some of are discussed with reference to European Union requirements set out in Annex III of Directive 128/2009. Requirements on the use of plant protection products bring with them problems with dose reduction in the light of a resistance prevention strategy, the lack of threshold levels, the necessity of chemical treatments and the limited availability of effective products of biological origin. Use of preventive measures of pest control faces barriers related to profitability and a lack of knowledge on the part of farmers. Challenges to control the system, as well as the fact that some legally enforced rules are not suitable for all crops, seem also to be an issue. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry     

专家系统技术与植保应用研究进展

专家系统是人工智能的1个分支,集合了数据库技术、多媒体技术、网络技术、"3S"技术以及数据挖掘技术等多种技术手段,在农作物病虫害综合治理的远程诊断、预测预报、管理决策等方面发挥着重要的作用。笔者概述了专家系统最新技术特点,并对专家系统在植保方向上的应用现状和前景进行了讨论。     

聊城古城景观保护及绿地生态规划研究

基于聊城古城景观结构特色及其建设中存在的问题,依据景观生态学的原理和方法,提出古城景观保护方案并进行绿地系统生态规划。     

我国农村环境教育的重要性

在我国农村,环境污染所造成的环境质量下降已经对农业经济的发展和人们的身体健康产生了严重的影响。为提高农村环境质量和推进新农村建设,阐述了对领导干部、农民和企业这3个群体的环境教育,提高他们的环境意识,为我国经济持续健康的发展奠定良好基础。     

自然旅游资源开发与保护主体行为优化的理论分析

自然旅游资源经营权转让后的资源开发与环境保护的协调问题一直是当前学界争论的焦点。本文尝试构建了旅游资源开发商、政府及其职能部门、诸多公众角色的相关利益主体图谱,分析了各个相关利益主体的利益诉求及行为特征,讨论了旅游资源开发与保护主体的行为优化体系与保障对策。还强调若想实现可持续发展、优化旅游资源开发商的自觉规范行为和政府的有效监管及服务行为,就需要依靠并优化社会公众有效的监督行为。而这些对策将成为实现自然旅游资源开发利益主体之间利益均衡的有效途径。