农业综合开发新构想

近几年来,城步苗族自治县农业综合开发工作,较好地实践了党中央、国务院关于农业综合开发工作的方针、政策,并取得了预期的良好效果。以加快发展为主题,以农民增收为根本,以项目区低改综合开发为重点,加强组织领导,创新工作思路,扎实推进项目区建设,项目区村庄发生了深刻变化。在这个良好发展势头的惯性支配下,城步苗族自治县提出农业综合开发工作新构想,将为发展城步的现代农业提供强有力的支撑,为建设新农村构建和谐社会奠基坚石的基础。     

玉米间套作种植方式研究综述

阐述了国内外有关玉米间套作种植方式的研究进展,分析了间套作的生态效应、生理效应以及对作物病虫草害的影响和控制水土流失的作用,提出我国间套作应注意的关键问题。     

扁穗牛鞭草的抗性与利用途径

扁穗牛鞭草是一种优良的草种,不仅具有高产优质牧草的特性,而且对逆境表现出很强的耐性或抗性。在分析其抗旱、抗寒性和耐盐、耐酸、耐金属污染性,以及侵占性、独居性、再生性等特性的基础上,分析了牛鞭草在畜牧业生产、生态治理、污染环境修复等领域的利用潜力。     

Cities vs countryside: An example of a science-based peri-urban landscape features rehabilitation in Milan (Italy)

Urban-rural boundaries are often abrupt and unmitigated, a trait that significantly enhances their ecological vulnerability. Nonetheless, such fringe systems enclose a high potential in furnishing buffering and resilience functions and services towards the city. Our study intends to give a contribution on the understanding of the ecological behaviour of peri-urban landscape features (PLFs) systems, showing how floristic-vegetational and landscape ecology studies can inform their multi-functional phytocoenoses ecological reconfiguring. Analyses were led among a fringe context of Milan city. An agri-environmental extra-local scale analysis framed the forthcoming finer scale results. Landscape mosaic structural and functional main traits were interpreted, outlining a current impairment of the landscape system capacity to support ecological functions across the area. In parallel, floristic traits were studied through chorological, life forms and Ellenberg’s ecogram analysis (total flora and single sub-areas values). The main phytocoenoses types were qualitatively described and related to the dynamic patterns of reference vegetation series. Results highlighted a significant deterioration of floristic-vegetational traits, if compared to the local potential. Recurrent anthropic disturbances, open space conditions were identified as the major impact factor on phytoconoeses evolution towards higher diversity, complexity and stability traits. Spontaneous recolonization processes were acknowledged as currently unable to change these trends, while past reforestation interventions showed positive effects. These results informed the building of a functional-dynamic interpretative approach, focused on the ecological roles and physical habitat conditions currently influencing phytocoenoses dynamics, and on which to intervene. Accordingly, the current and potential ecological functions of 9 key PLFs categories were inspected. Consequently, design criterions for corrective interventions were outlined. This brought to the identification of the optimal structural and functional patterns of PLFs to be integrated throughout the urban-rural boundary, as well as their floristic-vegetational design specificities, by pursuing a rebalancing effect on the peri-urban agroecosystem inner complexity and environmental stability parameters.     

森林旅游地生态保育师职业资格认证体系

当前,我国森林旅游地的游客教育工作还处于起步状态,缺乏一支专业的游客教育工作人员队伍。文章试图从推行"生态保育师"职业资格认证的角度讨论建立森林旅游地游客教育人力保障体系的方式方法。       

生态有机肥不同混配基质对辣椒生长发育的影响

研究了“绿源”牌有机肥（生态有机肥）不同混配基质对辣椒生长发育的影响。结果表明：生态有机肥、蛭石、草炭按1∶1∶1或生态有机肥、蛭石按1∶1组配明显促进辣椒的生长发育，主要表现为株高、茎粗增大，叶片数增多，光合作用增强，开花座果期提早，生物产量及经济产量提高。生态有机肥与河砂、炉渣组配有利于提高辣椒果实的Vc含量。全部以生态有机肥作为基质栽培辣椒效果较差。     

A qualitative risk-based assessment of impacts on marine habitats and harvested species for a data deficient wild capture fishery

Fisheries management in most areas of the world is concerned with the effects of resource exploitation on the broad marine environment that includes all major ecological components. However, all fisheries lack some information about many of these components particularly marine habitats and non-target species. Such data deficiencies make it difficult to identify priorities for management action. Qualitative ecological risk assessment is one tool that can be used by management to prioritise and evaluate management strategies. This paper demonstrates the mechanics of a qualitative ecological risk assessment applied to a currently operating data deficient commercial fishery. In particular, we demonstrate how the method applies to two distinct ecological components – marine habitats and harvested species – and shows how it contributed to the formation of management responses. The method combines biological and ecological information about each component with knowledge on the operations of the fishery. Using pre-defined decision rules and criteria the available information is used in a rigorous, transparent and repeatable manner. The paper demonstrates that the method can be used generally to apply to all ecological components of a marine fishery where data is deficient.     

论东源县生态公益林的建设

文章阐明了建设生态公益林的重要性和必要性,论述了东源县生态公益林建设现状,指出目前生态林建设中存在的问题,并就如何建设生态公益林提出建议。     

基于AHP的晋中潇河湿地公园植物景观评价

为提高晋中市潇河湿地公园植物景观效果,采用实地调查和AHP法,分别从生态效益、景观效益和服务功能3个方面选取10个代表性评价因子,对植物景观进行评价并分级。在潇河湿地公园植物景观评价体系中,生态效益权重最大,为0.633 2,其次为景观效益,权重为0.239 5,服务功能的权重为0.137 3。根据综合评价结果,在四种不同的配置模式下,乔灌草植物景观被归为Ⅰ级,而乔草、乔灌、灌草植物景观则被归为Ⅱ级。通过对植物资源调查和对植物景观进行评价,研究将为湿地公园景观营建、植物空间塑造和生态环境改善提供科学依据。     

大通县工业化、城镇化进程与生态环境建设协同发展存在问题与建设对策

本文就青海省大通县在工业化、城镇化进程中与生态环境协同发展存在问题进行了阐述并提出了建设对策。