马尾松毛虫防治关键期与防治历

本文分析了马尾松毛虫（Dendrolimus punctatus Walker）防治关键期,发现马尾松毛虫种群密度快速增长期在增殖期末期,在增殖期末期开展有效的防治,可以预防马尾松毛虫暴发成灾,并依据这一原理编制了马尾松毛虫防治月历和防治周期历。     

Prediction of Rock Burst using the Method of Optimal Relative Membership Degree Based on the Maximum Entropy Principle

In the analysis of rock burst criterion prediction at home and abroad, the prediction standards of rock burst are selected including the conditions of mechanics、integrity、energy and brittle. The concept of relative membership degree on the rock burst prediction was introduced. The weight of standards and fuzzy matrix of relative membership degree are calculated. Uncertainty in rock burst prediction is described and compared according to the information entropy. Generalized weighted distance is also defined to characterize the differences in rock burst based on the maximum entropy principle, the establishment of a rock burst prediction fuzzy optimization model. The results from the application to practical example and comparisons with other methods are fairly good. Finally, the prediction model is applied in Putaoshan tunnel and the predictions are consistent with the actual rock burst.     

江汉平原土地利用变化分析

以江汉平原20世纪809、0年代和2000年3个时期内的土地利用类型动态监测结果为基础,对其进行了利用状况分析、土地利用程度分析、利用程度变化分析和土地利用变化的区域差异分析。结果表明:该区域耕地面积在不断减少,围湖造田的现象依然存在;土地利用程度相对较稳定,属于农业用地类型;土地利用格局尚未完全定型,处于调整期;土地利用变化的区域性差异不明显。     

温度对造纸施胶效果影响的研究

通过测定不同温度下施胶效果的差异，以及松香胶溶液在不同温度下的稳定性和浆料滤水性能的变化，说明了温度升高施胶度下降的原因，进而提高出采用逆施胶方法解决这一普遍存在于生产中的问题。     

第三产业的发展对提高农民收入的实证分析

以农民收入水平为因变量进行数学建模,利用SPSS软件的回归分析,对第一产业和第三产业的发展速度在农民生活水平提高中的影响进行分析后,得到结论:第三产业对其增长的贡献率已经超越了除第一产业以外的其他因素,成为提高农民生活水平的另一关键因素。最后针对我国农业发展政策提出了若干建议。     

从马尾松毛虫中制备高脱乙酰度壳聚糖的初步研究

采用酸碱法从马尾松毛虫蛹中制备壳聚糖,结果表明:马尾松毛虫蛹依次经盐酸脱矿物质、氢氧化钠脱有机物质、双氧水脱色处理后获得白色片状固体物甲壳素,其水分含量为3.32%,灰分为0.99%,脱乙酰度为92.54%,粘度为18.3MPa·s;由甲壳素制备壳聚糖的条件为NaOH浓度50%,处理时间5h,处理温度80℃;由甲壳素获得壳聚糖产品的产率为79.21%。     

壳聚糖制备工艺的研究

利用河蟹壳制备壳聚糖的改进工艺,对脱乙酰度、粘均分子量2项主要指标进行测定.经过极差分析找到了最佳工艺条件,即浓度为15%的氢氧化钠100℃脱蛋白1 h,浓度为15%的盐酸25℃脱钙4.5 h,浓度为45%的氢氧化钠130℃脱乙酰反应3 h.在改进工艺条件下,壳聚糖脱乙酰度在85%以上,粘均分子量大于70万,免去氧化脱色阶段,避免在氧化脱色过程中造成壳聚糖的降解,产物色泽呈灰白或肉色,保证了壳聚糖的质量.这表明,利用盘锦河蟹壳制备壳聚糖,从而改进工艺是可行的.     

Response of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) to mulching practices under planted greenhouse condition

Mulch is considered a desirable management technology for conserving soil moisture, improving soil temperature and soil quality. This study aimed to investigate soil conditions and hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) performance in terms of leaf photosynthetic capacity, fruit yield and quality, and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) under such practices in greenhouse condition. A field experiment across 3 years was carried out with four types of mulch (without mulch [CK], wheat straw mulch [SM], plastic film mulch [FM], and combined mulch with plastic film and wheat straw [CM]). Mulch could improve soil physical properties regardless of mulch materials. FM and CM treatments improved soil moistures status and soil temperature in comparison to CK control, while SM increased soil water content and decreased soil temperature. Mulch increased leaf net photosynthesis rate (P_N), stomatal conductance to water vapor (gs), intercellular CO₂ concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (E), but declined instant water use efficiency (WUEi). No significant effect of mulch application on chlorophyll fluorescence was existent for the entire growth season. Fruit yield and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) showed some increment under all the mulch conditions. Compared to CK, the yield was enhanced by 82.3%, 65.0%, and 111.5% in 2008; 38.1%, 17.4%, and 46.5% in 2009; and 14.3%, 6.5%, and 19.6% in 2010 under SM, FM, and CM conditions, respectively. Although FM produced better fruit quality than other treatments, CM is the recommended practice for hot pepper cultivation in greenhouse condition due to working well to facilitate soil condition (moisture and temperature), plant growth, and marketable yield.     

近30年新疆降水量及雨日的变化特征分析

利用新疆1971-2006年98个气象站的逐日降水资料,研究了新疆年和四季降水量及雨日的气候变化特征。结果表明：新疆多年平均年降水量及雨日的空间分布均为北疆大于南疆,山区大于平原,二者长期变化的空间分布相似程度较低,有些地区甚至完全相反。南疆大部地区降水量的增加主要是由于雨日增加而造成的;北疆大部地区降水量的增加主要是...     

浙江早稻播种育秧期连阴雨发生规律分析

研究了3月中旬－5月上旬浙江省双季早稻育秧期长、中、短连阴雨的时空分布规律，以及年代间演变规律。研究发现：3月中旬－5月上旬，全省连阴雨总的趋势为自北向南增加；在南纬度地区，内陆出现频率大于沿海，浙中南地区所受连阴雨影响大于浙北地区；90年代长连阴雨出现频率地增加，连阴雨是浙江省早稻育秧期间的主要农业气象灾害之一。