萝卜清除DPPH自由基活性研究

[目的]研究萝卜清除DPPH自由基的活性.[方法]通过对萝卜叶水提物、水提物不同极性部位萃取物、萝卜中脂肪油类有效成分β-谷甾醇进行清除DPPH（1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼）自由基活性测试,对萝卜的抗氧化能力进行评价.[结果]以柠檬酸为对照其清除能力大小顺序为：乙酸乙酯层＞二氯甲烷层＞萝卜叶水提物＞β-谷甾醇＞石油醚层＞柠檬酸.[结论]萝卜具有较好的抗氧化能力.     

柚皮黄酮化合物抑制LDL氧化及清除自由基的作用

探讨了柚皮黄酮化合物的抗氧化作用。利用从柚皮中分离的3种黄酮单体(P11、P12、P2),采用化学比色法,在体外对人LDL的氧化抑制和对DPPH自由基清除作用做了研究。3种黄酮单体的LDL氧化反应潜伏期大小次序为:P2>BHT>P12≈P11>Control,对DPPH自由基的氧化抑制率分别为:P2=52.5%,P11=37.8%,P12=39.0%,BHT=42.6%。结果表明,3种黄酮单体P11、P12、P2对LDL氧化修饰具有抑制作用,对DPPH自由基具有清除作用。     

云南不同地区臭灵丹提取物的抗氧化活性

为综合利用臭灵丹,以乙醇、甲醇、丙酮为萃取溶剂,超声波提取制备提取物,考察云南13个样点臭灵丹提取物对DPPH自由基活性的清除能力,并将其与多种抗氧化剂进行比较。结果表明:13个样点臭灵丹甲醇提取物C1~C13的IC50分别为0.1753mg/mL,0.1953mg/mL,0.09940mg/mL,0.08474mg/mL,0.1107mg/mL,0.1246mg/mL,0.5046mg/mL,0.2915mg/mL,0.1181mg/mL,0.05635mg/mL,1.020mg/mL,0.2133mg/mL,0.1519mg/mL;乙醇提取物C1~C13的IC50分别为0.6528mg/mL,0.4637mg/mL,0.2095mg/mL,0.2258mg/mL,0.3547mg/mL,0.3957mg/mL,0.8492mg/mL,0.8520mg/mL,0.3585mg/mL,0.1436mg/mL,2.5806mg/mL,0.7242mg/mL,0.4556mg/mL;丙酮提取物C1~C13的IC50分别为1.9089mg/mL,1.6229mg/mL,1.2223mg/mL,0.5837mg/mL,1.4749mg/mL,1.0817mg/mL,2.8397mg/mL,3.3188mg/mL,1.0240mg/mL,0.4499mg/mL,4.9195mg/mL,2.3085mg/mL,1.4975mg/mL;芦丁、没食子酸、咖啡酸、香草酸和对香豆酸溶液的IC50分别为0.0043mg/mL,0.00092mg/mL,0.0033mg/mL,0.5471mg/mL,2.27mg/mL;与5种标准品的抗氧化能力相比,依次为没食子酸咖啡酸芦丁甲醇提取物乙醇提取物丙酮提取物,云南省13个地方臭灵丹甲醇提取物抗氧化能力(除样品11)均大于标准品对香豆酸、香草酸;样品C2、C3、C4、C5、C6、C9、C10、C13乙醇提取物抗氧化能力均大于香草酸、对香豆酸,丙酮提取物抗氧化能力(除样品11、12外)均大于香草酸。     

食用甜蕨及苦蕨黄酮类化合物对DPPH自由基的清除效果

为了弄清食用甜蕨和苦蕨黄酮提取物的抗氧化特性,以VE为对照,采用分光光度法等方法,研究了食用甜蕨和苦蕨黄酮类化合物对DPPH自由基清除率的影响。结果表明:在510nm下,甜蕨和苦蕨黄酮提取液的含量分别为843.59μg/g和614.15μg/g;甜蕨和苦蕨黄酮提取物对DPPH均有较好的清除效果,苦蕨与甜蕨黄酮提取物浓度为12.283μg/mL时,对DPPH的清除率分别为87.13%和50.21%,苦蕨黄酮提取液的抗氧化能力显著高于甜蕨,但二者的抗氧化能力均显著高于VE。     

蒜渣碱提多糖体外抗氧化性的研究

研究蒜渣碱提多糖对DPPH·,羟自由基、超氧自由基的清除以及抑制猪油和芝麻油快速氧化的效果。当多糖与DPPH·质量比为1.6时,电子顺磁共振(ESR)测定5 min就检测不出DPPH·;当多糖质量浓度为0.16 mg/mL时,可以清除50%羟基自由基;当质量浓度为0.2 mg/mL时,可以清除50%的超氧自由基;多糖对猪油和芝麻油的氧化都有一定的抑制作用,当浓度增加时,抑制效果增强。     

Cytotoxic, cytoprotective and antioxidant effects of isolated phenolic compounds from fresh ginger

Twenty-nine phenolic compounds were isolated from the root bark of fresh (Yunnan) ginger and their structures fully characterized. Selected compounds were divided into structural categories and twelve compounds subjected to in-vitro assays including DPPH radical scavenging, xanthine-oxidase inhibition, monoamine oxidase inhibition, rat-brain homogenate lipid peroxidation, and rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell and primary liver cell viability to determine their antioxidant and cytoprotective properties. Isolated compounds were also tested against nine human tumor cell lines to characterize anticancer potency. Several diarylheptanoids and epoxidic diarylheptanoids were effective DPPH radical scavengers and moderately effective at inhibiting xanthine oxidase. An enone–dione analog of 6-shogaol (compound 2) was isolated and identified to be most effective at protecting PC12 cells from H₂O₂-induced damage. Almost all tested compounds inhibited lipid peroxidation. Three compounds, 6-shogaol, 10-gingerol and an enone-diarylheptanoid analog of curcumin (compound 6) were identified to be cytotoxic in cell lines tested, with KB and HL60 cells most susceptible to 6-shogaol and the curcumin analog with IC₅₀ < 10 μM. QSAR analysis revealed cytotoxicity was related to compound lipophilicity and chemical reactivity. In conclusion, we observed distinct compounds in fresh ginger to have biological activities relevant in diseases associated with reactive oxygen species.     

蒲公英抗氧化活性部位研究

为研究蒲公英抗氧化成分的分布,采用传统水提法提取蒲公英中的有效成分,并依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取,然后用FRAP法、超氧阴离子清除率法和DPPH法研究各层提取物的体外抗氧化活性。结果表明,各层提取物均具有体外抗氧化活性,三种不同测试方法显示其抗氧化能力大小均为:正丁醇层乙酸乙酯层水层石油醚层。说明蒲公英中抗氧化活性最强的是正丁醇层和乙酸乙酯层中。     

马铃薯皮中黄酮类物质测定及含量

以马铃薯皮为试验材料,研究了黄酮类化合物提取方法,获得了提取马铃薯皮中黄酮类化合物的最佳条件,测量了马铃薯皮中体现抗氧化性的黄酮类化合物的含量。试验中,对马铃薯皮中黄酮类化合物进行了提取、分离,以1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical 2,2-Diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)hydrazyl,DPPH)的清除率作为马铃薯皮中提取的黄酮类化合物含量及抗氧化活性的评价指标。通过单因素试验,确定提取溶剂、温度、时间、料液比等对提取结果的影响程度。并在单因素试验的基础上设计4因素3水平的正交试验,从而确定马铃薯皮中黄酮类化合物的最佳提取条件。结果表明,马铃薯皮中黄酮类抗氧化物的提取最佳条件为50℃的温度下用80%丙酮溶液按照料液比1:10的比例提取,提取时间为3 h。在此条件下测得DPPH的清除率为84.62%。在最佳提取条件下提取马铃薯皮中黄酮类化合物,并测得每克烘干后的马铃薯皮中含有约10.95 mg的黄酮类物质,与其它类果实果皮中具有相似的抗氧化活性的黄酮类物质的含量相比明显较高。     

Development and Characterization of Calcium-Alginate Beads of Apigenin: In Vitro Antitumor,Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities

The objective of this work was to develop sustained-release Ca-alginate beads of apigenin using sodium alginate, a natural polysaccharide. Six batches were prepared by applying the ionotropic gelation technique, wherein calcium chloride was used as a crosslinking agent. The beads were evaluated for particle size, drug loading, percentage yield, and in vitro drug release. Particle size was found to decrease, and drug entrapment efficiency was enhanced with an increase in the polymer concentration. The dissolution study showed sustained drug release from the apigenin-loaded alginate beads with an increase in the polymer proportion. Based on the dissolution profiles, BD6 formulation was optimized and characterized for FTIR, DSC, XRD, and SEM, results of which indicated successful development of apigenin-loaded Ca alginate beads. MTT assay demonstrated a potential anticancer effect against the breast cancer MCF-7 cell lines. The antimicrobial activity exhibited effective inhibition in the bacterial and fungal growth rate. The DPPH measurement revealed that the formulation had substantial antioxidant activity, with EC50 value slightly lowered compared to pure apigenin. A stability study demonstrated that the BD6 was stable with similar (f2) drug release profiles in harsh condition. In conclusion, alginate-based beads could be used for sustaining the drug release of poorly water-soluble apigenin while also improving in vitro antitumor, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity.     

灵芝孢子粉中孢子油提取及生物活性的研究

采用超临界CO2萃取法提取灵芝孢子油,通过正交试验确定最佳萃取条件是：萃取压力、温度、时间分别为25MPa、45℃、60min,CO2流量25L／h,在此条件下出油率可达3.96％。灵芝孢子油具有清除NaNO2和DPPH（1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl）自由基的作用,并且其清除作用随孢子油用量的增加而增加。