Antioxidant,anti-amylase and anti-glycation potential of brans of some Sri Lankan traditional and improved rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties

Brans of 23 traditional and 12 improved (both red and white) rice varieties in Sri Lanka were screened for anti-amylase and anti-glycation activities in vitro. Varieties which showed the highest inhibitory activities at screening were further investigated for anti-glucosidase and glycation reversing as anti-diabetic properties. The same varieties were studied for selected antioxidant properties. Significantly high anti-amylase and anti-glycation activities were observed for bran extracts of red varieties compared to white varieties at screening. Traditional red rice varieties, Masuran, Sudu Heeneti, Dik Wee and Goda Heeneti, exhibited significant and dose dependent anti-amylase, anti-glycation and glycation reversing activities. These varieties also showed marked antioxidant properties. It is concluded that brans of Sri Lankan traditional red rice varieties Masuran, Sudu Heeneti, Dik Wee and Goda Heeneti may be potential food supplements for diabetes.     

Purification and Characterization of a New DPPH Radical Scavenging Peptide from Shrimp Processing By-products Hydrolysate

A peptide with high antioxidant activity was isolated and identified from shrimp processing by-products hydrolysate. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of fractions. The purified antioxidant peptide was identified as Ser-Val-Ala-Met-Leu-Phe-His (804.4 Da) by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The purified peptide at 50 μg/mL showed antioxidative activity of 65.7 ± 0.9%, which was 3.18-fold higher compared with the first step separation by ion-exchange chromatography. It is possible to produce natural antioxidative peptides from shrimp processing by-products hydrolysate. The high antioxidant activity may be due to the presence of Phe-His segment at the C-terminus of the peptide.     

陈年普洱茶香气成分及清除DPPH自由基活性研究

为研究陈年普洱茶的特征风味成分及生物活性,采用顶空-固相微萃取-气质联用法测定了3种陈年普洱茶中挥发性物质,结合质谱和保留指数共鉴定出57种化合物,其中甲氧基酚类、醇类及酮类化合物为主要香气成分。同时采用比色法测得3种普洱茶的沸水提取物的茶多酚含量分别为(41.91±1.98)、(43.84±2.56)及(41.28±2.57) mg GAE/(g·DW),并对3种普洱茶的1,1-二苯基苦基苯肼(DPPH·)自由基清除效果进行研究。结果表明3种普洱茶均具有较好的清除DPPH自由基能力,且呈剂量依赖性,测得3种普洱茶提取物清除DPPH·自由基的IC₅₀分别为(129.03±0.25)、(139.47±1.58)及 (152.57±3.34) mg GAE/L。     

玫瑰茄粗多糖清除DPPH自由基活性研究

以玫瑰茄干花萼为原料,利用水浸醇析法提取玫瑰茄粗多糖,其抗氧化活性用清除1,1-二苯基苦基苯肼（DPPH）自由基的能力进行评价。结果表明,玫瑰茄粗多糖具有良好的抗氧化活性,其浓度在0.551~2.150 mg/mL范围内,与清除率呈较好的线性关系：y=28.7684x+39.43208,R=0.973。     

Characterizing the pigmented traditional rice cultivars grown in temperate regions of Kashmir (India) for free and bound phenolics compounds and in vitro antioxidant properties

The purpose of the research was to identify the phenolic and flavonoid compounds of seven different traditional pigmented whole rice cultivars grown in the temperate regions of Kashmir so as to study their relationship with in vitro antioxidant capacities. The completely pigmented rice cultivars were found to have higher phenolic, flavonoid, anthocyanin contents and exhibited higher antioxidant capacities than the light colored and sparely colored rice cultivars. A total of 40 compounds had been identified in the analyzed rice cultivars that were found to be distributed in 6 major categories with 6-phenolics, 6-flavonoids, 11-hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, 7-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives, 3-anthocyanins and 7-flavonoid glucosides of different flavonoid compounds. Among the free and bound fractions for each cultivars the light and sparsely colored depicted higher content of phenolics and in vitro antioxidant properties in bound faction, while the completely pigmented cultivars showed higher antioxidant properties in free fractions. The anthocyanins quercetin-3-O-galactoside, cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside and pelargonidin-3-O-diglucoside had been identified by LC-MS existing in the free fractions of the analyzed rice cultivars whereas, the free fraction of acetone + H₂O possessed higher percentage of phenolic compounds as compared to methanolic extracts and bound fractions. The black colored cultivars possessed higher DPPH scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation inhibition.     

玉米须萃取物的抗氧化活性

将玉米须乙醇提取物再用氯仿、乙酸乙脂、正丁醇和甲醇分别萃取,获得极性不同的5个组分,比较这5种不同溶剂萃取物在二苯基苦基苯肼(DPPH)体系及在Fe2 诱发卵黄脂蛋白多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)过氧化体系中的抗氧化活性。结果表明:在DPPH体系中,正丁醇萃取物的抗氧化活性最强,氯仿萃取物次之;在Fe2 诱发脂蛋白PUFA过氧化体系中,氯仿萃取物的抗氧化活性最强,乙酸乙酯萃取物次之。结果还表明,这5不同溶剂萃取物在不同测试体系中的抗氧化活性顺序不同。     

胡卢巴抗氧化成分提取方法研究

本研究探讨提取胡卢巴抗氧化成分的方法,旨在为胡卢巴的保健效用及其开发利用提供基本资料。采用乙酸乙酯、丙酮、水、乙醇、乙醚等溶剂,结合超声波处理从胡卢巴中提取抗氧化成分,对各种提取物设置不同的浓度梯度,分别测定清除超氧阴离子自由基的能力、对羟自由基的清除作用、抗膜质过氧化能力、DPPH自由基清除能力,以及测定总黄铜和总酚的含量。结果表明:5种溶剂提取的成分中,乙酸乙酯提取物的超氧阴离子自由基的清除率最高;乙醚提取物的羟自由基清除率最高;丙酮提取物的抗膜质过氧化能力最强;水提取物的DPPH自由基清除率最高;乙酸乙酯提取物的总黄酮测定结果最高;乙醚提取物的总酚浓度最高。     

山奈不同溶剂提取物对DPPH自由基的清除作用

[目的]为山奈的综合利用和新型天然抗氧化剂的开发提供理论依据。[方法]山奈干燥粉碎后,用石油醚索氏抽提脱脂,以95%乙醇为溶剂,超声提取得山奈粗提物。粗提物依次用乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和重蒸水萃取,分别得到乙酸乙酯提取物（EAK）、正丁醇提取物（BK）和水提取物（WK）。用清除DPPH自由基法测试山奈不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性。[结果]对0.081mg/mlDPPH自由基清除率为50%时,山奈的乙酸乙酯提取物（EAK）、正丁醇提取物（BK）和水提取物（WK）的使用浓度分别为5.48、1.10、10.02mg/ml,3种提取物对自由基的清除能力（DPPH质量/提取物质量）分别为14.78、73.64、8.08。[结论]山奈正丁醇提取物对自由基的清除效果最好。     

热处理对甜玉米酚类物质含量及抗氧化能力的影响

为研究热处理对甜玉米中酚类和类黄酮物质含量及抗氧化能力的影响,分别测定新鲜甜玉米粒、甜玉米浆、甜玉米羹(将新鲜甜玉米粒打浆破碎后分别在105～125℃下高压灭菌处理25 min)3类材料提取物中的多酚和类黄酮物质含量。以FRAP、ABTS和DPPH 3个抗氧化指标来评价甜玉米提取物抗氧化能力和清除自由基能力。结果表明,酚类、类黄酮含量和FRAP值都随处理温度的升高而升高;ABTS和DPPH自由基清除能力也较未经热处理的甜玉米强;热处理能显著增强甜玉米的抗氧化能力。     

木绣球花清除自由基活性及其成分分析

采用高效液相色谱和高分辨质谱以及二苯基苦基苯肼自由基试验法对木绣球（Viburnum macrocephalum）花提取物的成分及清除DPPH自由基活性进行了研究,结果表明：木绣球花的甲醇提取物具有一定的清除自由基活性,对DPPH自由基的半数清除浓度为7.1 mg/mL。供试木绣球花甲醇提取物主要成分为C7H12O6、C16H18O9、C23H22O12、C27H30O15、C19H26O12和C37H50O18。其中化合物C16H18O9和C19H26O12显示有弱的清除自由基活性。