拉法山野生观赏花卉资源调查与分析

通过对拉法山野生观赏花卉资源进行调查与分析,结果显示:拉法山有野生观赏花卉225种,涉及50科166属,种类最多的为毛茛科29种,占总数的12.8%。花色以白、黄、紫、蓝色系为主,花期最早3月,最晚可持续到10月,提出了拉法山野生观赏花卉保护及开发利用的建议。     

我国设施园艺生产作业装备发展浅析

荷兰等设施园艺技术先进国家通过高投入、高产出、高效益的理念,走出了一条先进、高效的设施园艺生产路线。我国设施园艺近年也得到了快速发展,设施园艺种植面积逐年增加,目前在世界的占比已达80%以上。但是,与荷兰、美国、以色列等先进国家的设施园艺生产相比,我国园艺设施90%以上为简易温室,种植对象90%以上是蔬菜,设施生产技术水平低、产出效益低,设施园艺的技术优势未能有效发挥。本文针对园艺生产设施内种苗生产、无土栽培生产等方面相关的机械化、自动化生产装备发展现状进行分析,总结了我国设施园艺生产特点、生产装备的发展现状及存在的问题,并对我国设施园艺生产作业装备的发展提出了建议。     

姜荷花观赏苞片衰老生理和永生花的制作技术

姜荷花(Curcuma alismatifolia Gagnep.)是姜科姜黄属草本球根花卉,不育苞片在长圆形穗状花序上呈荷花状排列,花型雅致。本研究以姜荷花品种“清迈粉”为研究对象,对姜荷花自然生长状态下花序衰老过程中观赏苞片的丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化氢(H₂O₂)含量、脯氨酸(Pro)含量、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性等生理生化指标进行了测定,以期通过对上述指标的研究为延长自然生长状态下姜荷花苞片观赏期奠定基础,结果表明：随着观赏苞片衰败进程,苞片持续受到活性氧伤害,在苞片全部展开达到盛花期时,SOD清除超氧根离子的能力达到顶峰。苞片初花期在清除过氧化氢起重要作用的是CAT,而苞片衰败期POD在清除过氧化氢中起重要作用。盛花期时,观赏苞片中脯氨酸含量最高,超氧化物歧化酶活性最强,耐逆性最佳。另外,本研究探索了姜荷花永生花制作技术,该技术的出现既可丰富永生花的产品种类,又可以为花卉产业带来经济效益,实际应用价值较高。     

Silver nanoparticles preplant bulb soaking affects tulip production

Nanomaterials and particularly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have increased great interest in many fields of science. The element may affect plant growth and development but so far research studies have been scarce and their results disparate. Tulip is one of the most important ornamental plants and its production technology is constantly being improved. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of AgNPs on growth and yield attributes of tulip cv. ‘Pink Impression’. Before planting, the tulip ‘Pink Impression’ bulbs were soaked in the following concentrations of AgNPs: 25, 50, 100 and 150?mg?L^-1. Control bulbs were soaked in deionized water. The plants were forced in a greenhouse for two growing seasons. The tulips treated with 100?mg?L^?1 AgNPs flowered earlier, had longer cut-flower stem, larger petals, greater stem diameter and cut-flower fresh weight. Moreover, at this concentration of AgNPs, they showed increased leaf greenness index (SPAD), stomatal conductance, root fresh weight, root length and produced daughter bulbs of the greatest weight. The study outcomes indicate that AgNPs may be used as plant growth promoters in horticulture.     

我国宿根花卉研究进展

宿根花卉在园林中应用广泛，为实现节约型园林发挥至关重要的作用。国内对宿根花卉进行了大量的研究。为深入掌握其研究深度和广度，综合使用文献收集法、专家调查法及实地踏查，归纳总结国内针对宿根花卉的研究进展情况。研究结果表明，相关研究主要集中在材料的筛选与评价、抗性研究、园林应用、分类与配植、养护与管理、引用驯化等6个方面。随着园林的大跨步式发展进程，关于宿根花卉的研究处于较高的水平，相关研究深度以及延度已经进入到贴近实际应用的层面。     

一些化学药剂对香雪兰切花保鲜的影响

６－苄基腺嘌呤（６－ＢＡ）、硫代硫酸银（ＳＴＳ）、二氯化钴（ＣｏＣｌ２）、乙醇等化学药剂均可不同程度地影响香雪兰切花瓶插寿命和品质。其中,６－ＢＡ、ＳＴＳ对香雪兰切花的保鲜特别是品质改善方面效果明显,ＣｏＣｌ２的保鲜效果亦较好,但有使花朵色彩变浅的现象     

切花月季无土容器芽接快繁的定量研究

研究了切花月季无土容器芽接快繁种苗的新方法。研究表明,采用本方法生产切花月季种苗,不仅可以大幅度提高芽接成活率和成苗质量,杜绝根癌病危害,而且可以减轻劳动强度,提高生产效率,延长种苗生产和种苗销售的时间。无土容器芽接快繁的优化定量程序是：１．以直径０．５～０．７ｃｍ的粉团蔷薇新梢节段于盆内集中扦插以繁殖砧木;２．生根砧木双株分盆定植于无土基质中,并使其单个分枝朝向为南向;３．选５小叶腋芽并用大开门芽接法将其接在砧木分枝正下方;４．悉数保留砧木枝叶,并作扭曲折伏处理,摘除其顶芽和腋芽;５．接芽长至２～３ｃｍ时施用高纯度速效全成分营养液。     

施用硼肥对杏树落花落果的影响

Effect of boron on falling of prunes (Prunus mune,Sieb,et Zucc) was studied by applying 50g borate per tree into soil on december 15,1993(soil-B) and spraying leaves leves evenly twice with 1.5g kg^-1 borate solution on March 1 and 8,1994(spray-B) on the soil with 0.28mg kg^-1 rapidly available B.Compared with no borate treatment (CK),B concentrations of leaves,short branches and flowers were higher and the percentage of flower and fruit drop was lower in the treatments of soil-B and spray-B.B fertilizer increased B concentrations in flowers,leaves and short branches,promoted pollen germination,reduced the percentage of fall of flowers and fruits of prunes,increased the percentage of fertile fruits,and thus increased yields of prunes by 46% and 34.3% in the treatments of soil-B and spray-B,respectively.It could be inferred preliminarily that if B concentration of leaves was lower than 35 mgkg^-1,the prunes should be fertilized with B.The measured leaves should be picked from branches(3-10cm in legnth)germinating from the central section of a tree crown during the last ten days of May to the early days of June.     

可食性鲜花色、香和形永久保持的机理及应用研究

为解决目前鲜花保鲜中存在的色、香、形等问题，选用玫瑰花、荷花为试材，采用微波、生物大分子涂膜等技术，研究了可食性鲜花色、香、形永久保持的机理。结果表明：魔芋多糖、β-环状糊精、柠檬酸等物质及高火短时的微波条件对鲜花的色泽、香气、外形有很好的稳定作用，同时花材的浸泡时间，浸泡液的浓度等因素也有一定影响。并在此基础上研制成可食性永贮玫瑰花和荷花。     

玫瑰切花保鲜剂配方的筛选

通过测定红玫瑰切花瓶插寿命、花枝鲜重、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化,研究了不同配方保鲜剂对玫瑰切花的保鲜效果的影响。结果显示,A、B、C3种保鲜剂对玫瑰切花的衰老均有明显的延缓作用;C处理的保鲜剂(30 g/L S 2 g/L CaCl2 100 mg/L Bo 100 mg/L GA 200 mg/L 8-HQC)效果最佳,比对照延长了4.7 d。