排序方式: 共有138条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Mario Suwalsky Maritza BenitesBeryl Norris Carlos P Sotomayor 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2003,77(2):44-53
The current study examines the acute effects of the organophosphorus pesticide chlorpyrifos on a sympathetic synapse of the frog Caudiverbera caudiverbera. Nerve stimulation was followed immediately by a transient increase in the short-circuit current (SCC) and in the potential difference (PD), which consisted of a rapid and then a slow component. Chlorpyrifos concentrations from 5 μM to 1.0 mM caused a dose-dependent block of both components to a 10% of their control values, which was reversed by washout. The pesticide blockade did not affect the skin response to noradrenaline. X-ray diffraction and fluorescence spectroscopy studies on membrane models showed marked phospholipid perturbation, which favors changes in ion channel conformation and interferes with receptor proteins, thus altering noradrenergic transmission and Cl− secretion in the mucous glands. The foregoing results may be interpreted as a reversible inhibition of the neuroepithelial synapse to nerve stimulation, possibly due to non-specific lip μd-protein perturbation, interference with synaptic transmission, and transient Cl− channel inactivation. 相似文献
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采用分层建模方法建立了气相色谱法测定食用菌中毒死蜱含量不确定度评定的数学模型,分析了影响测量标准不确定度结果的各个因素,采用最小二乘法对外标曲线拟合的不确定度进行了评定。计算被测量的合成不确定度和扩展不确定度分别为:0.0286、0.239±0.014 mg/Kg。 相似文献
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为明确5%杀单·毒死蜱在粤糖60号配套栽培上的总体防虫效应、速效性、持效期等,为其在粤糖60号大田生产上配套应用提供科学依据。以粤糖60号为供试甘蔗品种,设5%杀单·毒死蜱药剂处理,与常规农药3%呋喃丹及空白对照处理进行比较,采用沟施、撒施覆土方法进行杀单·毒死蜱防治粤糖60号易遭受的害虫药效试验。结果表明,在本试验条件下,各处理间的枯心率、虫节率、蔗茎产量、含糖量差异极显著或显著。在粤糖60号种植时和大培土时每667m2各施用低毒农药5%杀单·毒死蜱6kg,对甘蔗螟虫、绵蚜虫、蓟马和地下害虫金龟子等具有良好的防治效果,能减少品种遭受虫蛀茎为害,有效提高甘蔗蔗糖分,对粤糖60号增产、增糖具有明显的促进作用。建议在粤糖60号配套栽培中注意因虫选药、科学合理用药,尤其是螟虫、绵蚜虫、蓟马、金龟子等为害严重的地块种植该品种推荐配套使用5%杀单·毒死蜱进行防治,以达到增产、增糖和增收的目的。 相似文献
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[目的]明确辛硫磷微囊悬浮剂和毒死蜱微囊悬浮剂的主要释放机制和影响因素。[方法]利用液相色谱分析方法,测定2种微囊悬浮剂在2种湿度、温度和通风状态下的土壤释放(消解)动态。[结果]在35℃干燥土壤中,辛硫磷微囊悬浮剂吹风处理的T0.5是2.2 d;而密闭处理的T0.5是859.2 d。在35℃吹风条件下,辛硫磷微囊悬浮剂和毒死蜱微囊悬浮剂在干燥土壤和水饱和土壤中的T0.5分别是2.2和5 800 d;8 d和206.1 d;而当温度为35和25℃(其他条件相同)时,前者的T0.5分别是2.2和18.6 d;后者的T0.5分别是8.0和28.8 d。[结论]辛硫磷微囊悬浮剂和毒死蜱微囊悬浮剂释放机制都是以气化释放为主;湿度和温度是影响两者释放的最主要因素。 相似文献
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[目的]评价0.5%毒死蜱药肥混剂对韭菜韭蛆的防治效果。[方法]于2012~2013年,在山东省烟台市福山区进行了0.5%毒死蜱药肥混剂防治韭菜韭蛆田间药效试验。[结果]0.5%毒死蜱药肥混剂在1875g/hm2施用量下,2012和2013年药后21d的防效分别达77.15%和80.00%,21d虫口防效分别达99.55%和97.30%,增产效果分别为59.06%和30.09%,显著高于对照药剂5%毒死蜱颗粒剂。[结论]应用0.5%毒死蜱药肥混剂防治韭蛆,推荐使用剂量为l125~1875g/hm2。 相似文献
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毒死蜱·甲胺基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐对稻纵卷叶螟的防治效果 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
为了探讨毒死蜱.甲胺基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐对稻纵卷叶螟的防治效果。在随机区组设计的田间试验中,在稻纵卷叶螟低龄幼虫高峰期,采用20%毒死蜱.甲胺基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐WP 7509、001、050 g/hm2,48%乐斯本EC 900 ml/hm2,1%甲胺基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐EC 225 ml/hm2和清水对照(CK)6个处理,通过施药前的基数调查和药后7 d的药效调查,研究了毒死蜱.甲胺基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐对稻纵卷叶螟的防治效果。药后7 d,用20%毒死蜱.甲胺基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐WP 7509、001、050 g/hm2,对稻纵卷叶螟的防效分别为79.9%、85.1%和86.8%,对二化螟的防效分别达64.1%、78.8%、85.7%。20%毒死蜱.甲胺基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐可湿性粉剂对稻纵卷叶螟有良好的防治效果,兼治二化螟,且对水稻生长安全。 相似文献
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Filiz Demir Fatma Gökce UzunDilek Durak Yusuf Kalender 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2011,99(1):77-81
This study examined the effects of chlorpyrifos in the rat erythrocyte antioxidant system and evaluated the ameliorating effects of catechin and quercetin on the oxidative damage induced by chlorpyrifos. Sexually mature male Wistar rats were given chlorpyrifos (5.4 mg/kg, 1/25 of the oral LD50), catechin (20 mg/kg), quercetin (20 mg/kg), catechin plus chlorpyrifos, and quercetin plus chlorpyrifos daily via gavage for four weeks. No statistical differences were found in the catechin-only and quercetin-only groups compared with the control group. By the end of the fourth week, chlorpyrifos alone increased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities compared with the control group in rat erythrocytes. In the catechin-plus-chlorpyrifos and quercetin-plus-chlorpyrifos groups, there were statistically significantly decreased MDA levels and increased SOD, CAT, and GPx activities compared with the chlorpyrifos-only group. Thus, it appears that catechin and quercetin ameliorate chlorpyrifos-induced oxidative stress in rat erythrocytes in vivo. 相似文献