中国美利奴羊(新疆型)无角类型培育理论依据及测交试验结果

绵羊角的有无是由或主要由一个基因位点（Locus）上的三个等位基因（H、h’、h）所决定。三个等位基因的遗传方式是：H为显性无角基因，对h为完全显性，即Hh基因型均表现无角性状；h为隐性有角基因，即hh基因型均表现有角性状；h，为一个频率很低的基因，对h为不完全显性，即h＇h基因型仍表现为有角性状；但H对h’基因为不完全显性，即Hh’基因型可能出现角痕（角突或角基）。而h’h’基因型公羊表现为小角、发育残缺不全的矫型角，母羊表现为无角。培育无角革的关键是选择使用无角公羊，通过测交试验能确定无角公羊基因的纯合度，从而决定如何使用。     

散养成乳牛舍环境测定

以一栋散养成乳牛舍为对象，系统地测定了舍内外的气温、气湿、风速、辐射强度、黑体温度及屋顶热流量。结果表明：从６月１日—９月１０日，舍内旬均气温都在２３．４３℃以上，舍内１４：００气温旬均值都在２８℃以上，舍内旬均ＴＨＩ都超过７１．７１；屋顶热流量曲线的斜率很大、峰值出现于１４：００，并且与舍外黑体温度呈高度的正相关；舍内与舍外的黑体温度、辐射强度分别呈中等以上的正相关；冬季舍内寒冷，同时受舍外气流影响大。笔者认为，通过增加牛舍高度、先用高热阻屋面材料和冬季防风可望改进此类牛舍的环境。     

漆酚热预聚漆研究（Ⅰ）──漆酚热预聚漆酶催化成膜

为了充分让漆酶在最后催化成膜中发挥作用，将生漆分离出漆酚和粗漆酶后，先将漆酚进行热预聚，再用粗漆酶配制成漆酚热预聚漆。试验结果表明：此法配制出的漆液，不仅能在漆酶催化下成膜，而且具有粗漆酶用量少、干燥性能好的特点。     

肉牛添加剂的研究与应用

用本课题组研制的肉牛添加剂育肥体重230kg、330kg、400kg和530kg的肉牛，可使日增重分别提高25．5％、7．3％、25．4％和16.7％，效果显著（P＜0．05），可使饲料报酬最多提高25．8％（P＜0.05）；投入产出比最大为1：8，用该添加剂育肥高档肉牛时屠宰率可达57.2％，眼肌面积43cm2、皮下脂肪覆盖面积为优级，大理石状评分为优级。     

吉林黄牛引入牦牛血液杂交改良效果

采用含有1／2野牦牛血液的冻精为吉林当地10头黄牛输配。结果，受配牛妊娠率为100％，产犊成活率为100％，杂种后代牛在采食性能、抗寒暑能力及生长速度方面都优于本地黄牛。初步表明利用含1／2野牦牛血液的冻精改良本地黄牛有较强的种间杂种优势，可为生产利用。     

中草药多糖免疫调节剂研究进展

中草药多糖是增强机体免疫的物质基础 ,对促进和恢复机体免疫机能的作用极为明显。它的重要性正引起广泛关注。文章主要从中草药多糖的研究状况、开发应用及存在问题等方面进行了探讨 ,对于进一步了解中草药多糖在生理和病理过程中的作用及其免疫调节机制有一定意义     

在双低菜籽饼型日粮中添加植酸酶对肉鸡钙磷利用率的影响

在含10%双低菜籽饼的肉鸡日粮中添加600u/kg和700u/kg的植酸酶并取代一半的磷酸氢钙,观察植酸酶对肉鸡钙、磷利用率的影响。结果表明:添加600u/kg和700u/kg植酸酶的试2、3组较未添加植酸酶的试1组其钙和磷利用率分别提高7.08个百分点、9.85个百分点和10.97个百分点、12.13个百分点,植酸磷的利用率提高13.35个百分点、14.01个百分点,磷的排泄量下降10.90个百分点、13.30个百分点,差异显著(P<0.05)。证明在双低菜籽饼型日粮中添加植酸酶改进了钙、磷的利用率,而且还可取代一半的磷酸氢钙。     

ULTRASONOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF DIFFUSE HEPATOCELLULAR DISORDERS IN DAIRY CATTLE

Ultrasonography of the liver was performed in 200 Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle using a 3.5 MHz transducer with a linear array electronic scanner. Liver samples were taken, processed and examined microscopically and the fat occupying rate was calculated. The hepatic ultrasonograms were evaluated according to the presence of bright pattern, dark pattern, deep attenuation, vascular blurring and blurring of edges. Of the 200 animals, 96 had a normal liver, 63 had hydropic degeneration of the liver, 37 had fatty infiltration of the liver, 3 had liver dystrophy and I had hepatic amyloidosis, diagnosed through histopathological examination. Amyloidosis was characterized by bright pattern and blurring of edges. Liver dystrophy had higher percentages of bright pattern and blurring of edges than normal liver. Hydropic degeneration had higher percentages of dark pattern and blurring of edges than normal liver. Fatty infiltration had higher percentages of bright pattern, deep attenuation, vascular blurring and blurring of edges than normal liver. The present results suggest that different ultrasonographic patterns can be observed in various diffuse hepatocellular disorders in dairy cattle     

The effect of eradication of lice on the occurrence of the grain defect light flecks and spots on cattle hides.

The influence of an eradication programme for lice on the prevalence of light flecks and spots on cattle hides was studied in 33 dairy cattle herds during a period of two and a half years. Lice were eradicated from the main group of herds after 9 to 12 months and the quality of the hides before and after treatment was compared. Hides from slaughtered animals were collected during the study period, tanned and examined with special emphasis on the occurrence of the grain damage light flecks and spots. The prevalence of hides without light flecks and spots increased from 24.2% before treatment to 61.6% after treatment. The prevalence of hides free from the damage increased significantly in all examined anatomical regions. The improvement in hide quality was most marked in the shoulders and neck region which corresponded to the major predilection site of cattle lice. The prevalence of hides with light flecks and spots started to decrease in the first period (2-40 days) after eradication. The changes after treatment suggested that most healing process took place over a period of about 4 months. The eradication programme eliminated the seasonal variation in the prevalence of light flecks and spots which was present before treatment.     

利木赞牛改良互助本地黄牛的效果

为了研究利木赞牛对互助黄牛的改良效果,本试验测定了初生、6月龄和1岁利本F1代的体尺、体重,并与本地黄牛进行了比较。结果表明,利本F1代牛的各项被检指标均比本地黄牛有明显的提高(P<0.01)。