柚皮苷分子印迹聚合物微球的制备及表征

[目的]制备柚皮苷分子印迹聚合物微球（MIPMs）,并测定其吸咐能力。[方法]采用单步溶胀聚合法制备柚皮苷分子印迹聚合物微球,通过紫外光谱和平衡结合方法对分子印迹聚合物的分子识别行为进行研究。[结果]MIPMs对模板分子具有较强的特异吸附能力,以柚皮素为竞争底物,其分离因子达1.85。[结论]MIPMs具有较高的选择性和良好的吸咐能力,可用于中草药成分柚皮苷的分离提纯。     

长鳍真鲨源哈氏弧菌的主要生物学性状研究

从两尾病死的观赏用长鳍真鲨Oceanic whitetip shark,Carcharhinus longimanus L．中分离到的细菌,进行了形态特征、理化特性和对抗菌类药物的敏感性等生物学性状检验。同时,测定了16S rRNA基因序列,分析了相关细菌相应序列的同源性,构建了系统发育树。结果表明,8株供试纯培养菌（编号：HQ050226—1至HQ050226—4、HQ050227-1至HQ050227—4）为弧菌属（Vibrio Pacini 1854）的哈氏弧菌（Vibrio harveyi Johnson and Shunk 1936）。所扩增的16S rRNA基因序列长度（不包括引物结合区）,HQ050226—1株为1463bp（GenBank登录号：EF635305）、HQ050227—1株为1464bp（GenBank登录号：EF635306）,与GenBank数据库中哈氏弧菌的同源性在98％及99％。药敏试验结果显示,对供试37种抗菌药物中的青霉素G等4种耐药,对头孢唑啉等33种敏感。     

联苯菊酯纳米乳的制备与表征

[目的]制备联苯菊酯纳米乳,并对其性能进行表征。[方法]25℃下用乳化相转变法制备了水包油型联苯菊酯纳米乳,探讨了乳液的形成机理,并用DLS、TEM、接触角仪、表面张力仪和高效液相色谱法对乳液性能进行表征。[结果]联苯菊酯纳米乳的形成过程发生了相转变;纳米乳体系的颗粒为球形,粒径主要分布在25～30 nm;在石蜡表面的接触角小于90°,润湿效果较好,表面张力低于40mN/m,乳化效果好,提高了联苯菊酯的利用率;高效液相色谱测试结果表明,联苯菊酯不易分解或析出,稳定性好。[结论]研究结果为新型杀虫剂配方的研制奠定了基础。     

青枯病生防菌N5的特性及其生物学效应

从土壤中分离筛选出一株对番茄青枯病病原菌有较强抑菌效果的菌株N5,经生理生化及16S rRNA基因序列分析,将菌株N5初步鉴定为甲基营养型芽孢杆菌(Bacillus methylotrophicus)。菌株N5具有产生铁载体、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶、纤维素酶、蛋白酶以及多种脂肽类抗菌物质的能力。菌体发酵后与有机肥(猪粪︰氨基酸肥料 = 1︰1)混合后进行二次发酵制成生物有机肥,并用盆栽试验验证其生防和促生效果。结果表明：利用菌株N5制备的生物有机肥可以促进番茄的生长,提高根系的活力。生物有机肥可有效防治番茄青枯病,其中营养钵使用生物有机肥的处理其生防效果优于大盆使用生物有机肥的处理,特别是营养钵和大盆均使用生物有机肥的处理其生防效果达69%,而使用有机肥并不能有效防治番茄青枯病。使用生物有机肥显著增加根际土壤中细菌、放线菌的数量,减少真菌和青枯劳尔氏菌的数量。     

苏皖鲁豫麦田小麦孢囊线虫调查以及rDNA ITS序列特征分析

为给小麦孢囊线虫综合治理提供一定的理论依据,通过对苏皖鲁豫接壤地区30块田的调查和分析,探讨了这些地区麦田小麦孢囊线虫的发生情况及线虫群体之间亲缘关系。结果表明,采集的30份样品中都能检测到孢囊线虫,孢囊密度为每100g土壤1～80个。进一步对30个小麦孢囊线虫群体的rDNA-ITS区PCR扩增、测序,对其序列进行比较分析发现,30个分离物的核苷酸序列同源性为97.1%～100%,与已报道的中国菌株（AY148382,EU106175）、澳大利亚菌株（AY148395）和俄罗斯菌株（AY148351）群体的进化关系最为接近,且位于进化树的同一个分枝,都属于禾谷孢囊线虫Avenae组。     

Characterization of the proteins of Pili nut (Canarium ovatum,Engl.)

The storage proteins of the pili nut (Canarium ovatum, Engl.), quantitatively extracted using the modified Osborne protein fractionationscheme, revealed that the salt-soluble globulin was the main storage proteinwithin the kernel (i.e., >>60.3%). Further physicochemicalcharacterization of this aqueous soluble globulin revealed that it existed in an11S like form and was composed of two main subunits of 22,600 and31,600 Da. These subunits were found to be disulfide-linked (in a 1:1ratio) forming intermediary subunits (i.e., dimers) with a molecular weightof approximately 52,600 Da. The overall molecular weight of the 11Sglobulin was determined to be approximately 300,000 Da suggesting thatthe globulin possessed a dodecameric-like structure of 6 dimers for a totalof 12 subunits. Using differential scanning microcalorimetry, thedenaturation temperature of the globulin was shown to occur at89.3 ^°C. Overall, the pili nut 11S globulin was found to possessmany similar physicochemical properties to those of other 11S oilseedglobulins.     

Characterization of a gluten reference material: Wheat-contaminated oats

Oat could be a good addition to the Gluten Free diet, but the purity of the oat supply is under scrutiny. As celiac disease becomes more prevalent, better detection tools for gluten in oats are necessary. We aimed to produce reference materials (RMs) of Canada Western Red Spring wheat (CWRS)-contaminated oat flour. Pure, uncontaminated oats flour (cultivars Navan and Gehl) was supplied by Cream Hill Estates. CWRS samples were provided by the Canadian Grain Commission from the 2009 Harvest Sample program. RMs containing 0, 20 and 100 ppm CWRS gluten-contaminated oats were created using a V-shell blender and tested by sandwich-type ELISA for gluten. Marked variations in ELISA results for the RMs were found among different test kits due to differences in capture antibodies and kit construction. The Veratox test was accurate at the 0, 20 and 100 ppm levels but detected only 30% (Veratox) and 50% (Veratox R5) of gluten at the 1000 ppm level; the Ridascreen test was accurate at all levels; the Biokits test detected roughly 10% of the gluten dosage; the Gluten-Check test detected some 30% of the gluten dosage. The RMs created could serve as standards for gluten detection in oat containing foods.     

牛生长激素抗独特型抗体促生长作用机理研究--兔抗牛生长激素抗体纯化与鉴定

选用８只新西兰白兔来制备牛生长激素抗独特型抗血清,初次免疫以完全弗氏佐剂乳化抗原,加强免疫用不完全弗氏佐剂乳化,最后一次加强注射后１０天采血,采用酶联免疫吸附试验来测定抗血清滴度和血清阻断率：３只兔血清抗体滴度分别为１１２８０００,１５１２０００和１１２８０００,而血清阻断率在血清稀释率为１２０００到１２５６０００时处于２７．７％到９２．９％范围。随后用硫酸铵沉淀结合ＤＥＡＥ纤维素层析对血清抗体进行了纯化,醋酸纤维素薄膜电泳试验结果表明ＩｇＧ成分获得了纯化。     

轮纹大茎点菌葡糖淀粉酶部分酶学性质研究

轮纹大茎点菌在液体培养条件下产葡糖淀粉酶酶活很低,而在固态培养条件下酶活相对较高。对粗酶液中葡糖淀粉酶的部分酶学性质进行研究,结果表明,该酶的最适反应温度为50℃,30~50℃之间有较高活性;40℃以下稳定,50℃保温1 h酶活性损失60%以上。酶的最适pH为8.0,在pH 7.0~11.0之间有较高的酶活性:pH 5.0以下酶不稳定,活性迅速丧失,5.0~10.0之间酶相对稳定。K+、Fe2+、Ca2+对酶的活性基本没有影响,而Cu2+、Mg2+、Zn2+、Mn2+、Na+对酶的催化活性有激活作用,其中Mn2+激活作用最为强烈。