鲤CC型趋化因子CCL-C5a样基因的克隆、组织表达与进化分析

趋化因子家族是一类能诱导白细胞激活和迁移的趋化性细胞因子家族,是鱼类先天免疫的重要组成部分.CC类家族是趋化因子家族中最大的家族之一.为研究鲤CC类家族成员的组织表达和进化模式,以及进一步研究鲤CC类趋化因子的免疫调控机制,本研究选择该家族其中的一个基因,CCL-C5a样基因,根据EST序列结合RACE方法从鲤(Cyprinus carpio)脾脏中克降了该基因的全长cDNA序列(GenBank登录号:JQ026408).该序列全长830 bp,5端非翻译区174 bp,3端非翻译区296 bp,开放阅读框360 bp,编码一个由119个氨基酸组成的蛋白.结构域分析发现,该蛋白质含有分泌信弓肽和保守的趋化因子结构域;Gene Ontology注释该基因参与免疫细胞迁移的生物学过程.CCL-C5a基因在鲤10个组织中表达,其中在脾和肝的表达量最高.脂多糖刺激鲤外周血白细胞和头肾白细胞后,该基因表达量出现显著上升.氨基酸序列保守性分析表明,鲤CCL-C5a样趋化因子与斑马鱼(Danio rerio)的同源性最高,为61％,与蓝鲶(Ictalurus futrcatus)、沟鲶(Ictalurusp unctatus)和大西洋鲑(Salmo salar)的同源性分别为47％、47％和42％;与人(Homo sapiens)CCL19蛋白的同源性为37％.适应性进化分析发现,鲤与斑马鱼CCL-C5a的Ka/Ks小于1,说明CCL-C5a基因在鱼类的进化过程受到负选择压作用.本研究结果表明,鲤CCL-C5a主要在免疫器官上高表达,并受到脂多糖诱导表达上升;同时该基因在鱼类中受到负选择作用.这些结果提示CCL-C5a可能是一个与免疫相关的基因.     

Prevalence and Molecular Characteristics of Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Organic Pig Herds in The Netherlands

The prevalence of the methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among conventional pig herds in the Netherlands is high (around 71%). Nevertheless, information about the prevalence of MRSA among organic pig herds is lacking. Here, we report a study on 24 of the 49 organic pig herds in the Netherlands. The prevalence of MRSA positive herds showed to be 21%. The genetic characteristics of the MRSA isolates were similar to MRSA CC398 described in conventional pigs except one exceptional HA‐MRSA CC30 found in one herd, which was presumably caused by human to animal transmission. This resulted in a prevalence of MRSA CC398 in the organic herds of 16.7%.     

基于ZigBee技术的小型粮库突发火情监控系统的设计

设计了一种基于ZigBee技术的小型粮库突发火情监控系统,该设计以CC2530芯片和烟雾传感器、红外传感器为ZigBee终端节点,以ARM11(S3C6410)为协调器节点.ZigBee终端节点通过ZigBee传输模块将数据发送到协调器节点,协调器节点通过对接收到的数据存储、分析和处理,对异常情况进行预测和报警,并根据预置处理方法处理异常情况,以确保粮食安全.将该系统应用于8m×7m×5m的小型粮库中进行突发火情的监测,结果表明,该设计具有较高的稳定性和监测效率,可广泛适用于小型仓储环境火情监控.     

采用CC2530硬件平台实现无线灯光控制

人们的生活离不开照明,随着人们生活品质的提高以及资源的日益匮乏,无线智能照明越来越受到关注,它不仅能节约资源延长光源寿命,同时还能根据使用者的需要控制照明时间和光强弱。本设计就是基于Zig—Bee无线通信技术组建网络,实现对灯光的智能控制,并采用CC2530芯片进行网络节点设计。     

杂交水稻育性基因型初探

本试验通过对两组不完全双列杂交(6×5和4×3)组合的F_2、F_3及B_1等群体的育性分离情况的观察和分析,初步认为杂交水稻育性茎因型因组合不同而不尽一致。有些组合只具有隐性不育基因,另一些组合则既具有隐性不育基因,也具有显性不育基因,显性可育基因对显性不育基因表现出遮盖作用。隐性不育基因数在组合问的变异主要决定于不育系,而显性不育基因数的变异则主要决定于恢复系。作用育性基因数和显性不育基因数与F_1结实率呈显著负相关。本文还提出了根据已知育性基因型求F_2、B_1和F_3等群体的理论不育株率的公式,以及根据各群体的不育株数和样本容量估算其育性基因型的方法。     

玉米若干农艺性状的基因效应与种植密度互作的研究初报

本文用世代均数法分析了两个玉米组合的各类基因效应与种植密度的互作。结果表明,加性、显性和三类上位性基因效应与环境的互作存在于两个组合的绝大多数性状中;在五个互作分量中以g_((h))j对性状表型值的影响最大g_((l))j的影响次之,g_((d))j的影响最小。G_((i))j是构成纯系表型值中GE互作部份的主要成份。G_((j))j在性状和组合间变化很大,一般来说g_((h))j、g_((i))j和g_((l))j与ej呈线性关系。G_((j))j和g_((d))j在本试验中与ej一般无线性关系;g_((h))j与g_((l))j呈显著负相关,在g_((h))j不显著或显著程度不高时,g_((d))j与gj_((j))j也呈显著负关相。G_((h))j与g_((l))j之间密切的负相关关系,很可能是单交种“个体缓冲性”的一种内在机制。     

Expression of CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) mRNA in canine atopic skin lesion

CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) is a G protein-coupled seven transmembrane receptor that is selectively expressed on Th2 cells and plays an important role in the trafficking of Th2 cells into inflammatory sites. In this study, a full-length canine CCR4 cDNA was cloned and characterized in order to examine the potential role of CCR4 in allergic responses that produce skin lesions in canine atopic dermatitis (AD). The canine CCR4 cDNA reported in this study contained an open reading frame of 1083 nucleotides encoding 360 amino acids. The predicted amino acid sequence of canine CCR4 showed 91.9, 85.3 and 84.5% similarity with those of the human, mouse and guinea pig counterparts, respectively. Expression of CCR4 mRNA was detected in various tissues including thymus, spleen, heart, small intestine and lymph node. Furthermore, it was found that CCR4 mRNA was preferentially expressed in lesional skin of dogs with AD, together with the mRNA of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), which is a ligand for CCR4. The present study demonstrates that CCR4 contributes strongly to the immunopathogenesis of canine AD.     

Distance to pig farms as risk factor for community‐onset livestock‐associated MRSA CC398 infection in persons without known contact to pig farms—A nationwide study

MRSA CC398 is an emerging MRSA strain found in livestock, mainly in pigs. Direct occupational livestock contact is the principal risk factor for human MRSA CC398 infection. Nonetheless, in recent years, an increasing number of MRSA CC398 cases has been observed in persons without known pig contact. Such cases, referred to as MRSA CC398 of unknown origin (MUO CC398), have, like livestock‐onset (LO) MRSA CC398 cases, been found concentrated in rural, livestock‐producing areas. The presence of MUO CC398 cases indicates alternative and unknown MRSA CC398 transmission pathways into the community. We performed a nationwide study in Denmark of the geographic distributions of MRSA cases in general and persons with MUO CC398 or LO MRSA CC398 infections (1 January 2006–11 February 2015), with the Danish population as background population. Place of living of study persons was mapped using the ArcGIS software, and information on pig farms was retrieved from the Central Husbandry Register. The incidence of MUO CC398 infections was clearly higher in rural than in urban areas, and such cases lived on average closer to pig farms than the general population. However, within three pig‐farming‐dense municipalities, patients with MUO CC398 infections did not live closer to pig farms than population controls. This shows that direct environmental spread from neighbouring pig farms of MRSA CC398 is unlikely. Instead, community spread through other means of transmission than direct spread from farms may more likely explain the clustering of MUO CC398 in livestock‐dense areas.     

基于ZigBee的温湿度测控系统设计

随着无线传感器网络的快速发展,本文设计了一种基于ZigBee的温湿度测控系统。测控系统由监测计算机、基于CC2430单片机的协调器节点和终端节点以及温、湿度传感器SHT10组成。该系统具有低功耗、高可靠性、易组网及稳定性好等优势,可广泛应用于工业环境温、湿度监测。     

Genome-wide analysis and identification of TIR-NBS-LRR genes in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) reveal expression patterns to TuMV infection

TIR-NBS-LRR (TNL) genes greatly affect plant growth and development. Ninety TNL-type genes were identified and characterized in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis). Tissue-expression profiling revealed different expression levels in different tissues. qRT-PCR analysis revealed the expression patterns of 69 genes challenged by Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV): 42 genes were up-regulated, and 11 genes down-regulated; genes were grouped according to their different expression patterns. Sixteen candidate genes were identified as responding to TuMV infection. This study supplies information on resistance genes involved in Chinese cabbage's response against TuMV, and furthers the understanding of resistance mechanisms in B. rapa crops.