国外生猪育种体系简析及对我国生猪育种的几点思考

选择是生猪育种的核心,而准确地选择和选种依赖于完善和成熟的育种体系。国际养猪发达国家(国际育种企业)对育种体系不断完善,长期进行生长、繁殖和肉品质等各类性状的表型测定,运用多场联合评估和基因组选择等方法不断提高遗传评估的准确性,不断挖掘新的育种性状,并进行测定、评估和选育,实现了种猪群体持续的遗传改良和综合性能的不断提升。本文对欧美发达国家(国际育种企业)的生猪育种技术体系进行了综述,以期为我国的生猪育种工作提供参考,并促进我国生猪种业的创新发展。     

金荞麦的化学成分、生理功能及在畜禽养殖中的应用研究进展

金荞麦化学成分复杂,含有黄酮类、萜类、甾体、有机酸等化学成分;具有抗氧化、免疫、抗菌、抗癌等生理功能;粗蛋白含量高,粗纤维含量低,氨基酸种类丰富,有较高的营养价值;金荞麦易繁殖,产量高,是一种适应性强、高产的牧草资源;作为添加剂用于畜禽饲料中有其特殊作用。文章对金荞麦的化学成分、生理功能、营养价值、繁育种植及在畜禽养殖中的应用进行了综述。     

Herd characteristics influence farmers’ preferences for trait improvements in Danish Red and Danish Jersey cows

The aim of this study was to characterize preferences of farmers for breeding goal traits with Danish Red (DR) or Danish Jersey (DJ) cows. A breed-specific survey was established to characterize farmers’ preferences for improvements in 10 traits, by means of pairwise rankings using the online software 1000Minds. These pairwise rankings were based on equal economic worth of trait improvements. The DR survey was filled in by 87 farmers and the DJ survey by 76 farmers. Both DR and DJ farmers gave the highest preference to improvements in mastitis, and the lowest to calving difficulty. By means of a cluster analysis, three distinct clusters of farmers were identified per breed. Comparisons of herd characteristics between clusters suggest that farmers choose to improve traits that are problematic in their herds. This study shows that heterogeneity exists in farmers’ preferences for trait improvements and that herd characteristics influence these preferences in DR and DJ.     

豇豆新品种浙翠9号的选育

浙翠9号是以浙翠2号为母本、夏宝2号为父本育成的长豇豆新品种。该品种中熟偏晚,生长势较强,主、侧蔓均可结荚,荚长69.5 cm、宽0.9 cm,单荚质量30.5 g,豆荚粗细匀称、肉厚、肉质致密;嫩荚浅绿色,商品性好;春季栽培全生育期为115~122 d,秋季栽培全生育期为105~112 d,抗逆性好,抗病毒病,中抗煤霉病、枯萎病。     

小麦异代换系的选育及其应用研究进展

综述了小麦异代换系的主要选育方法,分析了小麦异代换系的应用现状及存在问题,提出了进一步的研究方向.     

云南高原粳稻抗白叶枯病新品系云资抗21号的选育

以高产优质的云南高原粳稻品种滇系4号为轮回亲本，以IRBB21为白叶枯病抗性基因Xa21的供体亲本，通过杂交和3次回交以及5次自交形成BC3F，代材料，并结合后代材料的白叶枯病抗性鉴定及农艺性状的评价选择，选育出高原粳稻新品系云资抗21号，对云资抗21号的21个单株采用与Xa21连锁标记RM21和RM229、以及22个独立分离的SSR标记进行检测，结果表明这21个单株在RM21位点上均为IRBB21的纯合基因型，在RM229位点上有1个单株显示为轮回亲本的纯合基因型，其余的20个单株均为IRBB21的纯合基因型，而在其余22个SSR标记位点上均显示为轮回亲本的纯合基因型。该新品系白叶枯病抗性与IRBB21相近，农艺性状与轮回亲本相似，具有很好的应用前景。     

抗4,抗7高粱品种选育及对丝黑穗病抗性的遗传

抗４，抗７高粱杂交种是由Ｔｘ６２２Ａ不育系和晋粱５号，忻粱７号恢复系杂交选育而成。具有高产，高抗至免疫丝黑穗病和适应性广等特点，增产１５％－１８％，在人工接菌条件下发病率为０，对照种为８２．４％，是目前山西，河北，陕西，甘肃和天津等省市生产上推广的骨干品种。     

Parameter Simulation on the Control Strategy for a Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle by CRUISE

The purpose of a parallel hybrid electric vehicle(PHEV) is for the best energy distribution between internal-combustion engine(ICE) and electric motor though the appropriate control strategy.It can not only keep the advantage of the ultra-low emission of electric vehicles(EV),but also take advantages of the hyperbaric energy of ICE.Simulation model for PHEV is built based on CRUISE,an auxiliary control strategy is designed,and then parameter simulation study on the control strategy is performed.The simulation results show that according to the different control requirements,the vehicle performance can be improved by adjusting!the corresponding control parameters.     

Model of Survivable Architecture

Critical information system in Interact is in face of increasingly security problems. More attention has been focused on the survivability of information system, which is the capability of system to continue its mission even in the presence of damage to the system. The authors first introduce the definition of survivability. According to four function properties of survivability, which are Resistance, Recognition, Recovery, and Adaption, the authors design a model of survivable system structure and then explain survivability requirement, survivability strategy in this model. Additionally, they provide possible technical solutions for the survivability of systems, categorized by different aspects of our survivability strategy.     

Exploration of Implementation Strategieson Housing Building Technology

Due to the sharp contradiction between rapidly developing housing construction in small-size town and quite low technological level, in this paper, the significance of setting up integrally technological system is emphasized and the suggestion that the technology should be integrated with the sustainable development, regional context and industrialization is put forward.